A breathing source surface for cycles 23 and 24
Article
Article Title | A breathing source surface for cycles 23 and 24 |
---|---|
ERA Journal ID | 210885 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Arden, W. M. (Author), Norton, A. A. (Author) and Sun, X. (Author) |
Journal Title | Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
Journal Citation | 119 (3), pp. 1476-1485 |
Number of Pages | 10 |
Year | 2014 |
Place of Publication | Hoboken, NJ. United States |
ISSN | 2169-9380 |
2169-9402 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JA019464 |
Web Address (URL) | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2013JA019464/full |
Abstract | The potential field source surface (PFSS) model is used to represent the large-scale geometry of the solar coronal magnetic fields. The height of the source surface in this model can be taken as a free parameter. Previous work suggests that varying the source surface height during periods of solar minimum yields better agreement between PFSS models and the measured magnitude of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) open flux at 1 AU - in other words, the source surface breathes in and out over the course of the solar cycle. We examine the evolution of open flux during all of cycle 23 and the first part of cycle 24 using photospheric magnetic field maps from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory's Michelson Doppler Imager and Solar Dynamics Observatory's Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager instruments. We determine the value of source surface height that provides a best fit to the IMF open flux at 1 AU (using the OMNI 2 data set) for the time period 1996-2012. The canonical 2.5 Rs source surface matches the measured IMF open flux during periods of solar maximum but needs to be raised by approximately 15-30% in order to match the measured IMF open flux at the periods of solar minimum. |
Keywords | corona; cycle 23 minimum; PFSS; solar physics |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 510109. Stellar astronomy and planetary systems |
519999. Other physical sciences not elsewhere classified | |
510903. Mesospheric, thermospheric, ionospheric and magnetospheric physics | |
Public Notes | Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
Byline Affiliations | School of Agricultural, Computational and Environmental Sciences |
Stanford University, United States | |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q2z46/a-breathing-source-surface-for-cycles-23-and-24
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