HGSORF: Henry Gas Solubility Optimization-based Random Forest for C-Section prediction and XAI-based cause analysis

Article

Islam, Md Saiful, Awal, Md. Abdul, Laboni, Jinnaton Nessa, Pinki, Farhana Tazmim, Karmokar, Shatu, Mumenin, Khondoker Mirazul, Al-Ahmadi, Saad, Rahman, Md Ashfikur, Hossain, Md Shahadat and Mirjalili, Seyedali. 2022. "HGSORF: Henry Gas Solubility Optimization-based Random Forest for C-Section prediction and XAI-based cause analysis." Computers in Biology and Medicine. 147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105671
Article Title

HGSORF: Henry Gas Solubility Optimization-based Random Forest for C-Section prediction and XAI-based cause analysis

ERA Journal ID5040
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsIslam, Md Saiful, Awal, Md. Abdul, Laboni, Jinnaton Nessa, Pinki, Farhana Tazmim, Karmokar, Shatu, Mumenin, Khondoker Mirazul, Al-Ahmadi, Saad, Rahman, Md Ashfikur, Hossain, Md Shahadat and Mirjalili, Seyedali
Journal TitleComputers in Biology and Medicine
Journal Citation147
Article Number105671
Number of Pages14
Year2022
PublisherElsevier
Place of PublicationUnited Kingdom
ISSN0010-4825
1879-0534
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105671
Web Address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010482522004590
Abstract

A stable predictive model is essential for forecasting the chances of cesarean or C-section (CS) delivery, as unnecessary CS delivery can adversely affect neonatal, maternal, and pediatric morbidity and mortality, and can incur significant financial burdens. Limited state-of-the-art machine learning models have been applied in this area in recent years, and the current models are insufficient to correctly predict the probability of CS delivery. To alleviate this drawback, we have proposed a Henry gas solubility optimization (HGSO)-based random forest (RF), with an improved objective function, called HGSORF, for the classification of CS and non-CS classes. Real-world CS datasets can be noisy, such as the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) dataset used in this study. The HGSO can provide fine-tuned hyperparameters of RF by avoiding local minima points. To compare performance, Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), gradient boosting classifier (GBC), and logistic regression (LR) have been considered in this research. The ADAptive SYNthetic (ADASYN) algorithm has been used to balance the model, and the proposed HGSORF has been compared with other classifiers as well as with other studies. The superior performance was achieved by HGSORF with an accuracy of 98.33% for the PDHS dataset. The hyperparameters of RF have also been optimized by using commonly used hyperparameter-optimization algorithms, and the proposed HGSORF provided comparatively better performance. Additionally, to analyze the causes of CS and their significance, the HGSORF is explained locally and globally using eXplainable artificial intelligence (XAI)-based tools such as SHapely Additive exPlanation (SHAP) and Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME). A decision support system has been developed as a potential application to support clinical staffs. All pre-trained models and relevant codes are available on: https://github.com/MIrazul29/HGSORF_CSection.

KeywordsCesarean section; Machine learning; Hyperparameter optimization; ADASYN; HGSORF; XAI; SHAP; LIME
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020461199. Machine learning not elsewhere classified
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Byline AffiliationsKing Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Khulna University, Bangladesh
International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Bangladesh
Torrens University
Yonsei University, Korea
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