Quantifying the effects of acute altitude exposure on exercise performance and capacity: a systematic review and meta-regression

Article


Deb, Sanjoy K., Brown, Daniel R., Gough, Lewis A., McLellan, Christopher P. M., Swinton, Paul A., Sparks, S. Andy and McNaughton, Lars R.. 2017. "Quantifying the effects of acute altitude exposure on exercise performance and capacity: a systematic review and meta-regression." European Journal of Sport Science. 18 (2), pp. 243-256. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2017.1410233
Article Title

Quantifying the effects of acute altitude exposure on exercise performance and capacity: a systematic review and meta-regression

ERA Journal ID9751
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsDeb, Sanjoy K. (Author), Brown, Daniel R. (Author), Gough, Lewis A. (Author), McLellan, Christopher P. M. (Author), Swinton, Paul A. (Author), Sparks, S. Andy (Author) and McNaughton, Lars R. (Author)
Journal TitleEuropean Journal of Sport Science
Journal Citation18 (2), pp. 243-256
Number of Pages15
Year2017
PublisherTaylor & Francis
Place of PublicationUnited Kingdom
ISSN1536-7290
1746-1391
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2017.1410233
Web Address (URL)https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17461391.2017.1410233
Abstract

Objective: To quantify the effects of acute hypoxic exposure on exercise capacity and performance, which includes continuous and intermittent forms of exercise.

Design: A systematic review was conducted with a three-level mixed effects meta-regression. The ratio of means method was used to evaluate main effects and moderators providing practical interpretations with percentage change.

Data sources: A systemic search was performed using three databases (Google scholar, PubMed and SPORTDiscus). Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: Inclusion was restricted to investigations that assessed exercise performance (time trials (TTs), sprint and intermittent exercise tests) and capacity (time to exhaustion test, TTE) with acute hypoxic (<24 h) exposure and a normoxic comparator.

Results: Eighty-two outcomes from 53 studies (N = 798) were included in this review. The results show an overall reduction in exercise performance/capacity −17.8 ± 3.9% (95% CI −22.8% to −11.0%), which was significantly moderated by −6.5 ± 0.9% per 1000 m altitude elevation (95% CI −8.2% to −4.8%) and oxygen saturation (−2.0 ± 0.4%; 95% CI −2.9% to −1.2%). TT (−16.2 ± 4.3%; 95% CI −22.9% to −9%) and TTE (−44.5 ± 6.9%; 95% CI −51.3% to −36.7%) elicited a negative effect, whilst indicating a quadratic relationship between hypoxic magnitude and both TTE and TT performance. Furthermore, exercise less than 2 min exhibited no ergolytic effect from acute hypoxia.

Summary/Conclusion: This review highlights the ergolytic effect of acute hypoxic exposure, which is curvilinear for TTE and TT performance with increasing hypoxic levels, but short duration intermittent and sprint exercise seem to be unaffected.

KeywordsAltitude, intermittent hypoxic training, extreme environments, environmental physiology
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020420799. Sports science and exercise not elsewhere classified
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Byline AffiliationsEdge Hill University, United Kingdom
Bond University
Robert Gordon University, United Kingdom
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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