Modelling of Nutrient Pollution Dynamics in River Basins: A Review with a Perspective of a Distributed Modelling Approach

Article

Alam, Md Jahangir and Dutta, Dushmanta. 2021. "Modelling of Nutrient Pollution Dynamics in River Basins: A Review with a Perspective of a Distributed Modelling Approach." Geosciences. 11 (9), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11090369

Article Title	Modelling of Nutrient Pollution Dynamics in River Basins: A Review with a Perspective of a Distributed Modelling Approach
ERA Journal ID	210512
Article Category	Article
Authors	Alam, Md Jahangir (Author) and Dutta, Dushmanta (Author)
Journal Title	Geosciences
Journal Citation	11 (9), pp. 1-16
Article Number	369
Number of Pages	16
Year	2021
Publisher	MDPI AG
Place of Publication	Switzerland
ISSN	2076-3263
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11090369
Web Address (URL)	https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/11/9/369
Abstract	Nutrient pollution is one of the major issues in water resources management, which has drawn significant investments into the development of many modelling tools to solve pollution problems worldwide. However, the situation remains unchanged, even likely to be exacerbated due to population growth and climate change. Effective measures to alleviate the issues are essential, dependent upon existing modelling tools’ capacities. More complex models have been developed with technological advancement, though applications are mainly limited to academic reach. Hence, there is a need for a paradigm shift in policymaking that looks for a reliable modelling approach. This paper aims to assess the capacity of existing modelling tools in the context of process-based modelling and provide a future direction in research. The article has categorically divided models into plot scale to basin-wide applications for evaluation and discussed the pros and cons of conceptual and process-based modelling. The potential benefits of distributed modelling approach have been elaborated with highlights of a newly developed distributed model and its application in catchments in Japan and Australia. The distributed model is more adequate for predicting the realistic details of pollution problems in a changing environment. Future research needs to focus on more process-based modelling.
Keywords	Distributed hydrological model; Nutrient pollution dynamics; River network; Soil erosion; Surface runoff
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020	370704. Surface water hydrology
Public Notes	Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Byline Affiliations	School of Civil Engineering and Surveying
	Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, New South Wales
Institution of Origin	University of Southern Queensland

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