Polyphosphoramides as Highly Effective Fire Retardants for Polylactide: Green Syntheses, Properties and Mechanisms

PhD by Publication

Feng, Jingbing. 2022. Polyphosphoramides as Highly Effective Fire Retardants for Polylactide: Green Syntheses, Properties and Mechanisms. PhD by Publication Doctor of Philosophy. University of Southern Queensland. https://doi.org/10.26192/q7q88
Title

Polyphosphoramides as Highly Effective Fire Retardants for Polylactide: Green Syntheses, Properties and Mechanisms

TypePhD by Publication
Authors
AuthorFeng, Jingbing
Supervisor
1. FirstProf Pingan Song
2. SecondProf Hao Wang
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
Qualification NameDoctor of Philosophy
Number of Pages120
Year2022
PublisherUniversity of Southern Queensland
Place of PublicationAustralia
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.26192/q7q88
Abstract

Renewable Polylactide (PLA) suffers from a high flammability that limits in its practical applications in many industrial settings. Therefore, it is imperative to develop flame-retarding PLA. Polyphosphoramides have shown a high fire-resistant efficiency in PLA, but nearly all of their existing synthesis methods involve a large volume of toxic solvents. Meanwhile, there has been a lack of in-depth understanding of their modes of actions and how they affect comprehensive properties of PLA. For these reasons, this thesis focuses on developing solvent/catalyst-free synthesis approaches for polyphosphoramides, then unveiling their modes of actions, and then investigating how the physical properties of PLA are impacted by polyphosphoramides. We pioneered developed a green strategy to synthesize three types of polyphosphoramides fire retardants (DM-H, DM-Si and DM-OHn) without use of any solvents and catalysts. DM-H and DM-Si show very high fire-retardant efficiency in PLA, only 2 and 3 wt%, respectively, enable PLA to achieve a desired UL-94 V-0 rating and a high LOI, but reduce its thermal stability. In comparison, DM-OHn makes PLA show both desired flame retardancy and enhanced thermal stability. The polyphosphoramides fire retardants mainly function in the gas phase. Moreover, they have limited impact on the mechanical strength of PLA. This work provides one new eco-benign strategy for synthesizing polyphosphoramides fire retardants and the results and findings of this work will significantly promote the green development of next-generation eco-friendly effective fire retardants and fire-retardant PLA bioplastics, thus enabling PLA to find more applications in industries.

KeywordsPolylactide, Polyphosphoramides, Fire retardants, Green synthesis, Modes of actions, Physical properties
Related Output
Has partOne-Pot, Solvent- and Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Polyphosphoramide as an Eco-Benign and Effective Flame Retardant for Poly(lactic acid)
Has partA Si-containing polyphosphoramide via green chemistry for fire-retardant polylactide with well-preserved mechanical and transparent properties
Has partSolvent-Free Synthesis of Organic−Inorganic Polyphosphoramide-Halloysite Nanohybrids for Thermally Stable and Fire-Resistant Polylactide
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020401609. Polymers and plastics
401602. Composite and hybrid materials
Public Notes

File reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher/author.

Byline AffiliationsSchool of Agriculture and Environmental Science
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