Evaluating the use of a Net-Metering mechanism in microgrids to reduce power generation costs with a swarm-intelligent algorithm

Article

Marcelino, C.G., Leite, G.M.C., Wanner, E.F., Jiménez-Fernández, S. and Salcedo-sanz, S.. 2023. "Evaluating the use of a Net-Metering mechanism in microgrids to reduce power generation costs with a swarm-intelligent algorithm." Energy. 266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.126317
Article Title

Evaluating the use of a Net-Metering mechanism in microgrids to reduce power generation costs with a swarm-intelligent algorithm

ERA Journal ID5115
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsMarcelino, C.G., Leite, G.M.C., Wanner, E.F., Jiménez-Fernández, S. and Salcedo-sanz, S.
Journal TitleEnergy
Journal Citation266
Article Number126317
Number of Pages16
Year2023
PublisherElsevier
Place of PublicationUnited Kingdom
ISSN0360-5442
1873-6785
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.126317
Web Address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544222032030
AbstractThe micro-generation of electricity arises as a clean and efficient alternative to provide electrical power. However, the unpredictability of wind and solar radiation poses a challenge to attend load demand, while maintaining a stable operation of the microgrids (MGs). This paper proposes the modeling and optimization, using a swarm-intelligent algorithm, of a hybrid MG system (HMGS) with a Net-Metering compensation policy. Using real industrial and residential data from a Spanish region, a HMGS with a generic ESS is used to analyze the influence of four different Net-Metering compensation levels regarding costs, percentage of renewable energy sources (RESs), and LOLP. Furthermore, the performance of two ESSs, Lithium Titanate Spinel (Li4Ti5O12 (LTO)) and Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB), is assessed in terms of the final $/kWh costs provided by the MG. The results obtained indicate that the Net-Metering policy reduces the surplus from over 14% to less than 0.5% and increases RESs participation in the MG by more than 10%. Results also show that, in a yearly projection, a MG using a VRFB system with a 25% compensation policy can yield more than 100000$ dollars of savings, when compared to a MG using a LTO system without Net-Metering.
KeywordsMicrogrid systems; Net-Metering; Renewable sources; Swarm evolutionary optimization
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020370101. Adverse weather events
Byline AffiliationsFederal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
University of Alcala, Spain
Federal Center of Technology Education of MG, Brazil
School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing
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