Numerical modeling of flow in a horizontal sand filter

Article


Mossad, Ruth and Aral, Hal. 2010. "Numerical modeling of flow in a horizontal sand filter." American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 3 (2), pp. 286-292.
Article Title

Numerical modeling of flow in a horizontal sand filter

ERA Journal ID200134
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsMossad, Ruth (Author) and Aral, Hal (Author)
Journal TitleAmerican Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
Journal Citation3 (2), pp. 286-292
Number of Pages7
Year2010
Place of PublicationUSA
ISSN1941-7020
1941-7039
Web Address (URL)http://www.scipub.org/fulltext/ajeas/ajeas32286-292.pdf
Abstract

Problem statement: Horizontal sand filters may offer some advantage over vertical sand filters as they could be used for in-line treatment of wastewaters. Horizontal pipelines of tens and if not hundreds of meters length, filled with ordinary sand or permeable reactive media such as activated carbon or natural zeolite or iron filings, may be used to remove impurities from mine drainage waters, sewer and storm waters. Approach: However, in reality, in industrial-scale applications, the sand filled horizontal structures are almost always avoided due to the fact that water seeks out the path of least resistance. Once such a path is created, the vast majority of the water channels towards the least resistance zone and very small percentage of the water will go through the sand. Results: This study, applying numerical modeling using FLUENT software, which is based on the integral control volume approach, explores a number of geometries to identify a design that helps the inlet water to sweep the entire sand with the least channeling. The Navier Stokes equations for laminar and incompressible flow through porous media (i.e., the sand) including the viscous resistance were solved. Retention time of a fluid with properties similar to water, called tracer, were also estimated using Eulerian unsteady two phase flow analysis. Conclusion: The results of the models showed that the geometries involving a pipe with spiral protrusions or plate (baffles) inside, would be partially successful in drawing the water away from the channeling zone and moving it through the sand, however the geometry with the spiral protrusions uses much less power than the one with the baffles.

Keywordshorizontal flow, laminar flow, numerical modeling, porous media, wastewater
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020339999. Other built environment and design not elsewhere classified
401706. Numerical modelling and mechanical characterisation
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Byline AffiliationsDepartment of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia
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