Lossless data compression of grid-based digital elevation models: a PNG image format evaluation

Paper

Scarmana, G.. 2014. "Lossless data compression of grid-based digital elevation models: a PNG image format evaluation." ISPRS Technical Commission V Symposium. Close-range imaging, ranging and applications . Riva del Garda, Italy 23 - 25 Jun 2014 Copernicus GmbH. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-II-5-313-2014
Paper/Presentation Title

Lossless data compression of grid-based digital elevation models: a PNG image format evaluation

Presentation TypePaper
Authors
AuthorScarmana, G.
Journal or Proceedings TitleISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
ERA Conference ID51072
Journal CitationII (5), pp. 313-319
Number of Pages7
Year2014
PublisherCopernicus GmbH
ISSN2194-9042
2194-9050
2196-6346
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-II-5-313-2014
Web Address (URL) of Paperhttp://www.isprs-ann-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/II-5/313/2014/isprsannals-II-5-313-2014.pdf
Conference/EventISPRS Technical Commission V Symposium. Close-range imaging, ranging and applications
The Congress of the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Event Details
ISPRS Technical Commission V Symposium. Close-range imaging, ranging and applications
Event Date
23 to end of 25 Jun 2014
Event Location
Riva del Garda, Italy
Event Details
The Congress of the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
ISPRS
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS)
Abstract

At present, computers, lasers, radars, planes and satellite technologies make possible very fast and accurate topographic data acquisition for the production of maps. However, the problem of managing and manipulating this data efficiently remains. One particular type of map is the elevation map. When stored on a computer, it is often referred to as a Digital Elevation Model (DEM).
A DEM is usually a square matrix of elevations. It is like an image, except that it contains a single channel of information (that is, elevation) and can be compressed in a lossy or lossless manner by way of existing image compression protocols. Compression has the effect of reducing memory requirements and speed of transmission over digital links, while maintaining the integrity of data as required.
In this context, this paper investigates the effects of the PNG (Portable Network Graphics) lossless image compression protocol on floating-point elevation values for 16-bit DEMs of dissimilar terrain characteristics. The PNG is a robust, universally supported, extensible, lossless, general-purpose and patent-free image format. Tests demonstrate that the compression ratios and run decompression times achieved with the PNG lossless compression protocol can be comparable to, or better than, proprietary lossless JPEG variants, other image formats and available lossless compression algorithms.

Keywordsimage processing; DEM compression; terrain modelling; PNG (Portable Networks Graphics).
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020370901. Geomorphology and earth surface processes
370999. Physical geography and environmental geoscience not elsewhere classified
Byline AffiliationsSchool of Civil Engineering and Surveying
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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