Exploring the lived return-to-work experience of individuals with acquired brain injury: use of vocational services and environmental, personal and injury-related influences

Exploring the lived return-to-work experience of individuals with acquired brain injury: use of vocational services and environmental, personal and injury-related influences

Purpose
To explore work outcomes, vocational services, barriers and facilitators for returning to work in individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI) in Queensland, Australia and to identify areas for improvement.

Design and methods
Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals with ABI (stroke, traumatic brain injury, tumour). Interviews were analysed using a realist thematic analysis approach.

Results
Participants either returned to the same work, different work, did not maintain work or did not have any work since their injury. Use of vocational services depended on participants’ needs and insurance. Facilitators for return to work (RTW) were a supportive workplace and family, vocational rehabilitation that met the individual’s needs, insurance coverage and self-motivation. Workplaces that were not understanding of brain injury, employment service providers who were unable to find work for participants, and physical and cognitive deficits were barriers to RTW. Workplaces, employment service providers and individuals require more information about the deficits associated with brain injury.

Conclusions
The use and effectiveness of vocational services were variable across participants and depended on insurance coverage and needs. Barriers and facilitators for RTW were affected by both the environment and the individual. Implications for vocational rehabilitation were identified.

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