The effects of cluster fencing on native and introduced fauna
PhD by Publication
Title | The effects of cluster fencing on native and introduced fauna |
---|---|
Type | PhD by Publication |
Authors | Castle, Geoff |
Supervisor | |
1. First | Prof Geoff Cockfield |
2. Second | A/Pr Benjamin Allen |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
Qualification Name | Master of Science |
Number of Pages | 204 |
Year | 2022 |
Publisher | University of Southern Queensland |
Place of Publication | Australia |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.26192/yy20w |
Abstract | Apex predators may perform important ecological roles such as the regulation of herbivores and or mesopredators. Removal or loss of apex-predators is thought to cause negative effects for ecosystems, including mesopredator release which may facilitate cascading effects on species at lower trophic levels as predicted by the Trophic Cascade Hypothesis (TCH). Australia has one of the highest mammal extinction rates on Earth and is in a unique situation because the three largest mammalian carnivores are all introduced species. Dingoes (Canis familiaris) are expected by some to suppress foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and feral cats (Felis catus) and indirectly alleviate predation pressure on smaller native fauna, although evidence for these processes remains equivocal. It is therefore critical that the ecological role of dingoes is better understood before potentially unreliable studies are used to inform predator management practices. I conducted a comprehensive literature review of studies investigating dingo-mesopredator relationships. This review showed that most studies were correlative and therefore had little power to measure the causal roles of dingoes in ecosystems, highlighting the need to undertake better designed experiments. I support the use of stronger-inference studies that manipulate the abundance of dingoes in order to further elucidate the ecological role of dingoes in Australian ecosystems. I therefore undertook a stronger-inference manipulation experiment which removed dingoes from inside two closed (cluster fenced) systems in south-west Queensland where remotely sensed vegetation monitoring, sand plot passive tracking indices (PTI) and spotlight surveys were used to monitor the ecological outcomes of the sustained removal of an apex predator. Following the manipulation, I did not observe a mesopredator release of foxes or cats and I was unable to demonstrate negative relationships between dingoes and these sympatric predators, indicating that the mechanisms underpinning predicted mesopredator releases were absent. My experiments revealed no evidence of lower overall wildlife population abundances within the fences where dingoes were absent and that vegetation trends were almost identical inside and outside the fences. I concluded that although sympatric predators may interact negatively with each other on smaller spatiotemporal scales, these negative interactions did not scale-up to the population level or cause a mesopredator release. |
Keywords | apex predator; conservation fencing; dingo; invasive species; large carnivore; lethal control; trophic cascade |
Related Output | |
Has part | Terrestrial mesopredators did not increase after top‑predator removal in a large‑scale experimental test of mesopredator release theory |
Has part | Top-predator removal does not cause trophic cascades in Australian rangeland ecosystems |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 310308. Terrestrial ecology |
310307. Population ecology | |
Public Notes | File reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher/author. |
Byline Affiliations | Centre for Sustainable Agricultural Systems |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/yy20w/the-effects-of-cluster-fencing-on-native-and-introduced-fauna
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