A Critical Analysis of ECG-Based Key Distribution for Securing Wearable and Implantable Medical Devices

Article


Zheng, Guanglou, Shankaran, Rajan, Yang Wencheng, Valli, Craig, Qiao, Li, Orgun, Mehmet A. and Mukhopadhyay, Subhas Chandra. 2019. "A Critical Analysis of ECG-Based Key Distribution for Securing Wearable and Implantable Medical Devices." IEEE Sensors Journal. 19 (3), pp. 1186-1198. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2018.2879929
Article Title

A Critical Analysis of ECG-Based Key Distribution for Securing Wearable and Implantable Medical Devices

ERA Journal ID4437
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsZheng, Guanglou, Shankaran, Rajan, Yang Wencheng, Valli, Craig, Qiao, Li, Orgun, Mehmet A. and Mukhopadhyay, Subhas Chandra
Journal TitleIEEE Sensors Journal
Journal Citation19 (3), pp. 1186-1198
Article Number8529277
Number of Pages13
Year2019
PublisherIEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Place of PublicationUnited States
ISSN1530-437X
1558-1748
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2018.2879929
Web Address (URL)https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8529277
Abstract

Wearable and implantable medical devices (WIMDs) perform critical health monitoring and therapeutic functions. However, current WIMD products lack security safeguards to protect patients from fatal cyber attacks. In the recent past, electrocardiogram (ECG) signals-based security techniques have been widely explored to secure such devices by using two cryptographic primitives, the fuzzy commitment and the fuzzy vault, respectively. Nonetheless, differences, as well as similarities between these two primitives, have not been well investigated, making it difficult to decide which one would be appropriate for a particular setting. In this paper, we perform a critical analysis on both primitives and discuss their merits and drawbacks in the context of the ECG-based key distribution. We analyze the critical challenges within each primitive-based key distribution technique, such as binary sequence generation and polynomial computations. Experimental results show that the technique based on the fuzzy commitment has a better false acceptance rate due to the randomness of ECG binary sequences. On the other hand, the fuzzy vault based scheme can achieve an acceptable false reject rate (5%) with less cost to the WIMDs. Future research is suggested to enhance the precision of ECG signal processing, to improve the efficacy of binary sequence generation process as well as to suggest ways to reduce polynomial computations.

Keywordsbody sensor networks; electrocardiography (ECG); fuzzy commitment; fuzzy vault; implantable medical device (IMD); key distribution; Network security; wireless security
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020460403. Data security and protection
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Byline AffiliationsEdith Cowan University
Macquarie University
University of New South Wales
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