A review of multi-factor authentication in the Internet of Healthcare Things

Article

Suleski, Tance, Ahmed, Mohiuddin, Yang, Wencheng and Wang, Eugene. 2023. "A review of multi-factor authentication in the Internet of Healthcare Things." Digital Health. 9, pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076231177144
Article Title

A review of multi-factor authentication in the Internet of Healthcare Things

ERA Journal ID212280
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsSuleski, Tance, Ahmed, Mohiuddin, Yang, Wencheng and Wang, Eugene
Journal TitleDigital Health
Journal Citation9, pp. 1-20
Number of Pages20
Year2023
PublisherSAGE Publications Ltd
ISSN2055-2076
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076231177144
Web Address (URL)https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20552076231177144
Abstract

Objective
This review paper aims to evaluate existing solutions in healthcare authentication and provides an insight into the technologies incorporated in Internet of Healthcare Things (IoHT) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) applications for next-generation authentication practices. Our review has two objectives: (a) Review MFA based on the challenges, impact and solutions discussed in the literature; and (b) define the security requirements of the IoHT as an approach to adapting MFA solutions in a healthcare context.
Methods
To review the existing literature, we indexed articles from the IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink databases. The search was refined to combinations of ‘authentication’, ‘multi-factor authentication’, ‘Internet of Things authentication’, and ‘medical authentication’ to ensure that the retrieved journal articles and conference papers were relevant to healthcare and Internet of Things-oriented authentication research.
Results
The concepts of MFA can be applied to healthcare where security can often be overlooked. The security requirements identified result in stronger methodologies of authentication such as hardware solutions in combination with biometric data to enhance MFA approaches. We identify the key vulnerabilities of weaker approaches to security such as password use against various cyber threats. Cyber threats and MFA solutions are categorised in this paper to facilitate readers’ understanding of them in healthcare domains.
Conclusions
We contribute to an understanding of up-to-date MFA approaches and how they can be improved for use in the IoHT. This is achieved by discussing the challenges, benefits, and limitations of current methodologies and recommendations to improve access to eHealth resources through additional layers of security.

Keywordshealthcare; IoHT; IoT; MFA; Multi-factor authentication
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020460403. Data security and protection
Byline AffiliationsEdith Cowan University
School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Australia
Monash University
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