Cooling performance of solid containing water for spray assisted dry cooling towers

Article

Sadafi, M.H., Jahn, I. and Hooman, K.. 2015. "Cooling performance of solid containing water for spray assisted dry cooling towers." Energy Conversion and Management. 91, pp. 158-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.12.005
Article Title

Cooling performance of solid containing water for spray assisted dry cooling towers

ERA Journal ID3474
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsSadafi, M.H., Jahn, I. and Hooman, K.
Journal TitleEnergy Conversion and Management
Journal Citation91, pp. 158-167
Number of Pages10
Year2015
PublisherElsevier
ISSN0196-8904
1879-2227
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.12.005
Web Address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890414010346
Abstract

This article investigates the performance of saline water, compared to pure water in spray cooling and demonstrates the existence of several advantages. To simulate the crystallisation behaviour of saline water droplets, a set of modifications are made to the multicomponent discrete phase model (DPM) of ANSYS FLUENT. After validation against single droplet data, a practical spraying application with a single nozzle in a vertical flow path is studied. The results are compared with a similar case using pure water as the coolant. It is shown that using saline water for spray cooling improves cooling efficiency by 8% close to the nozzle. Furthermore, full evaporation takes place substantially earlier compared to the pure water case. The mechanism behind this phenomenon is explained. The consequence of this is a reduction of up to 30% in the distance between nozzle and the creation of a dry gas stream. This paper provides new fundamental understanding in the area of saline spray cooling, and shows that the use of saline water can lead to a number of benefits, such as reduced water costs (compared to pure fresh water), reduced infrastructure costs (more compact cooling towers), and improved cooling performance.

KeywordsSaline water; Hybrid cooling; Scanned electron microscope; Discrete phase model; Multicomponent; Heat and mass transfer
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 20204012. Fluid mechanics and thermal engineering
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Byline AffiliationsUniversity of Queensland
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Twomey, Braden, Nagy, Andras, Russell, Hugh, Rowlands, Andrew, Czapla, Jason, Singh, Rajinesh, De Miranda Ventura, Carlos A and Jahn, Ingo. 2016. "The University of Queensland refrigerant and supercritical CO2 test loop." ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. Seoul, South Korea 13 - 17 Jun 2016 United Sates. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). https://doi.org/10.1115/GT2016-58110
An investigation on spray cooling using saline water with experimental verification
Sadafi, M.H., González Ruiz, S., Vetrano, M.R., Jahn, I., Van Beeck, J., Buchlin, J.M. and Hooman, K.. 2016. "An investigation on spray cooling using saline water with experimental verification." Energy Conversion and Management. 108, pp. 336-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2015.11.025
Nozzle arrangement effect on cooling performance of saline water spray cooling
Sadafi, M.H., Jahn, Ingo and Hooman, Kamel. 2016. "Nozzle arrangement effect on cooling performance of saline water spray cooling." Applied Thermal Engineering. 105, pp. 1061-1066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.01.078
On the Influence of Low-power Laser Source on the Evaporation of Single Droplets: Experimental and Numerical Approaches
Sadafi, M. H., González Ruiz, S., Vetrano, M. R., Van Beeck, J., Jahn, I., Buchlin, J. M. and Hooman, K.. 2016. "On the Influence of Low-power Laser Source on the Evaporation of Single Droplets: Experimental and Numerical Approaches." Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics. 9 (Special Issue 1)), pp. 81-87. https://doi.org/10.36884/JAFM.9.SI1.25802
Design and testing process fora 7kw radial inflow refrigerant turbine at the University of Queensland
Russell, Hugh, Rowlands, Andrew, De Miranda Ventura, Carlos and Jahn, Ingo. 2016. "Design and testing process fora 7kw radial inflow refrigerant turbine at the University of Queensland." ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. Seoul, South Korea 13 - 17 Jun 2016 United States. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).
Effect of operating conditions on the elasto-hydrodynamic performance of foil thrust bearings for supercritical CO2 cycles
Qin, Kan, Jahn, Ingo H. and Jacobs, Peter A. 2016. "Effect of operating conditions on the elasto-hydrodynamic performance of foil thrust bearings for supercritical CO2 cycles." ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. Seoul, South Korea 13 - 17 Jun 2016 United States. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). https://doi.org/10.1115/GT2016-56524
Prediction of dynamic characteristics of foil thrust bearings using computational fluid dynamics
Qin, Kan, Jahn, I. H. and Jacobs, P. A.. 2016. "Prediction of dynamic characteristics of foil thrust bearings using computational fluid dynamics." 20th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference (AFMC 2016). Perth, Australia 05 - 08 Dec 2016 Australia.
Development of a fluid-structure model for gas-lubricated bump-type foil thrust bearings
Qin, Kan, Jahn, Ingo and Jacobs, Peter. 2016. "Development of a fluid-structure model for gas-lubricated bump-type foil thrust bearings." Applied Mechanics and Materials. 846, pp. 169-175. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.846.169
Development of a computational tool to simulate foil bearings for supercritical CO2 cycles
Qin, Kan, Jahn, Ingo, Gollan, Rowan and Jacobs, Peter. 2016. "Development of a computational tool to simulate foil bearings for supercritical CO2 cycles." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power: Transactions of the ASME. 138 (9). https://doi.org//10.1115/1.4032740
Supercritical CO2 radial turbine design performance as a function of turbine size parameters
Qi, Jianhui, Reddell, Thomas, Qin, Kan, Hooman, Kamel and Jahn, Ingo H.J.. 2016. "Supercritical CO2 radial turbine design performance as a function of turbine size parameters." ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. Seoul, South Korea 13 - 17 Jun 2016 United States . American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). https://doi.org/10.1115/GT2016-58137
High-speed characterization of a prototype leaf seal on an advanced seal test facility
Pekris, Michael J., Nasti, Adele, Jahn, Ingo H. J. and Franceschini, Gervas. 2016. "High-speed characterization of a prototype leaf seal on an advanced seal test facility." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power: Transactions of the ASME. 138 (8). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4032422
Experimental investigation of a leaf seal prototype at engine-representative speeds and pressures
Pekris, Michael J., Franceschini, Gervas, Jahn, Ingo H. J. and Gillespie, David R. H. 2016. "Experimental investigation of a leaf seal prototype at engine-representative speeds and pressures." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power: Transactions of the ASME. 138 (7). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4031875
On the development of a Mach 10 scramjet engine for investigation of supersonic combustion regimes
Moura, A. F., Wheatley, V., McIntyre, T. J. and Jahn, I.. 2016. "On the development of a Mach 10 scramjet engine for investigation of supersonic combustion regimes." 20th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference (AFMC 2016). Perth, Australia 05 - 08 Dec 2016 Australia.
Development of a space marching throughflow code for radial inflow turbines
Keep, Joshua A and Jahn, Ingo H.. 2016. "Development of a space marching throughflow code for radial inflow turbines." Jahn, Ingo H. (ed.) ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. Seoul, South Korea 13 - 17 Jun 2016 United States. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).
Design of an efficient space constrained diffuser for supercritical CO2 turbines
Keep, Joshua A., Head, Adam J. and Jahn, Ingo H.. 2016. "Design of an efficient space constrained diffuser for supercritical CO2 turbines." 1st International Seminar on Non-Ideal Compressible-Fluid Dynamics for Propulsion & Power. Varenna, Italy 19 - 20 Oct 2016 IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/821/1/012026
Design method and performance comparison of plenum and volute delivery systems for radial inflow turbines
Keep, J. A. and Jahn, I. J.. 2016. "Design method and performance comparison of plenum and volute delivery systems for radial inflow turbines." 20th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference (AFMC 2016). Perth, Australia 05 - 08 Dec 2016 Australia.
Improved understanding of stiffness in leaf-type filament seals
Jahn, Ingo H. J., Franceschini, Gervas, Owen, Andrew K., Jones, Terry V. and Gillespie, David R. H.. 2016. "Improved understanding of stiffness in leaf-type filament seals." Journal of Turbomachinery. 138 (1). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4031579
Using meridional streamline and passage shapes to generate radial turbomachinery geometry and meshes
Jahn, Ingo and Jacobs, Peter. 2016. "Using meridional streamline and passage shapes to generate radial turbomachinery geometry and meshes." Applied Mechanics and Materials. 846. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.846.1
The influence of real gas effects on the performance of supercritical CO2 dry gas seals
Fairuz, Z.M. and Jahn, Ingo. 2016. "The influence of real gas effects on the performance of supercritical CO2 dry gas seals." Tribology International. 102, pp. 333-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2016.05.038
Numerical simulation of water spray in natural draft dry cooling towers with a new nozzle representation approach
Alkhedhair, Abdullah, Jahn, Ingo, Gurgenci, Hal, Guan, Zhiqiang, He, Suoying and Lu, Yuanshen. 2016. "Numerical simulation of water spray in natural draft dry cooling towers with a new nozzle representation approach." Applied Thermal Engineering. 98, pp. 924-935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.10.118
Parametric study on spray cooling system for optimising nozzle design with pre-cooling application in natural draft dry cooling towers
Alkhedhair, Abdullah, Jahn, Ingo, Gurgenci, Hal, Guan, Zhiqiang and He, Suoying. 2016. "Parametric study on spray cooling system for optimising nozzle design with pre-cooling application in natural draft dry cooling towers." International Journal of Thermal Sciences. 104, pp. 448-460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2016.02.004
A theoretical model with experimental verification for heat and mass transfer of saline water droplets
Sadafi, M.H., Jahn, I., Stilgoe, A.B. and Hooman, K.. 2015. "A theoretical model with experimental verification for heat and mass transfer of saline water droplets." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 81, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2014.10.005
Structural deformation of a circular thin plate with combinations of fixed and free edges
Qin, Kan and Jahn, Ingo. 2015. Structural deformation of a circular thin plate with combinations of fixed and free edges. Australia. University of Queensland.
High speed characterization of a prototype leaf seal on an advanced seal test facility
Pekris, Michael J, Nasti, Adele, Jahn, Ingo H. J. and Franceschini, Gervas. 2015. "High speed characterization of a prototype leaf seal on an advanced seal test facility." ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. Montreal, Quebec, Canada 15 201 - 19 Jun 2015 Canada. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). https://doi.org/10.1115/GT2015-43465
Effect of Streamwise Vortices on Scramjets Porthole Injection Mixing
Llobet Gomez, Juan Ramon, Jahn, Ingo H. and Gollan, Rowan. 2015. "Effect of Streamwise Vortices on Scramjets Porthole Injection Mixing ." 20th AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference (AIAA 2015). Glasgow, Scotland 06 - 09 Jul 2015 Scotland. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2015-3597
e3prepToFoam: a mesh generator for OpenFOAM
Jahn, Ingo and Qin, Kan. 2015. e3prepToFoam: a mesh generator for OpenFOAM. University of Southern Queensland.
Radial Inflow Turbine Meshing Rev. 1
Jahn, Ingo. 2015. Radial Inflow Turbine Meshing Rev. 1 . University of Queensland.
Design approach for maximising contacting filament seal performance retention
Jahn, Ingo HJ. 2015. "Design approach for maximising contacting filament seal performance retention." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science. 229 (5), pp. 926-942. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954406214541433
Cooling issues for small-scale sCO2 powerplants
Jahn, Ingo, Duniam, Sam and Veeraragavan, Ananthanarayanan. 2015. "Cooling issues for small-scale sCO2 powerplants." 17th IAHR International Conference on Cooling Tower and Heat Exchanger. Gold Coast, Australia 07 - 11 Sep 2015 Australia.
The Eilmer3 code: user guide and example book 2015 edition
Jacobs, Peter A., Gollan, Rowan J., Jahn, Ingo and Potter, Daniel F.. 2015. The Eilmer3 code: user guide and example book 2015 edition. Australia. University of Queensland.
Water spray for pre-cooling of inlet air for natural draft dry cooling towers–experimental study
Alkhedhair, Abdullah, Guan, Zhiqiang, Jahn, Ingo, Gurgenci, Hal and He, Suoying. 2015. "Water spray for pre-cooling of inlet air for natural draft dry cooling towers–experimental study." International Journal of Thermal Sciences. 90, pp. 70-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2014.11.029
Parametric study on spray cooling systems in natural draft dry cooling towers with a new nozzle representation approach
Alkhedhair, Abdullah, Guan, Zhiqiang, Jahn, Ingo and Gurgenci, Hal. 2015. "Parametric study on spray cooling systems in natural draft dry cooling towers with a new nozzle representation approach." 17th IAHR International Conference on Cooling Tower and Heat Exchanger. Gold Coast, Australia 07 - 11 Sep 2015 Australia.
Development of a 2-phase Flow Nozzle for Fine Droplet Generation
Van Puyenbroeck, T., Brieschenk, S. and Jahn, I. H.. 2014. "Development of a 2-phase Flow Nozzle for Fine Droplet Generation." 19th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference (AFMC 2014). Melbourne, Australia 08 - 11 Dec 2014 Australia.
An investigation of evaporation from single saline water droplets: experimental and theoretical approaches
Sadafi, M.H., Jahn, I., Stilgoe, A.B. and Hooman, K.. 2014. "An investigation of evaporation from single saline water droplets: experimental and theoretical approaches." 19th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference (AFMC 2014). Melbourne, Australia 08 - 11 Dec 2014 Australia.
Theoretical and experimental studies on a solid containing water droplet
Sadafi, M.H., Jahn, I., Stilgoe, A.B. and Hooman, K.. 2014. "Theoretical and experimental studies on a solid containing water droplet." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 78, pp. 25-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2014.06.064
Validation of a three-dimensional CFD analysis of foil bearings with supercritical CO2
Qin, Kan, Jahn, I.H. and Jacobs, P.A.. 2014. "Validation of a three-dimensional CFD analysis of foil bearings with supercritical CO2." 19th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference (AFMC 2014). Melbourne, Australia 08 - 11 Dec 2014 Australia.
Vortex tracking algorithm for hypersonic flow in scramjets
Llobet, J. R., Barth, J. E. and Jahn, I. H.. 2014. "Vortex tracking algorithm for hypersonic flow in scramjets." 19th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference (AFMC 2014). Melbourne, Australia 08 - 11 Dec 2014 Australia.
Influence of ambient conditions and water flow on the performance of pre-cooled natural draft dry cooling towers
He, Suoying, Guan, Zhiqiang, Gurgenci, Hal, Jahn, Ingo, Lu, Yuanshen and Alkhedhair, Abdullah M.. 2014. "Influence of ambient conditions and water flow on the performance of pre-cooled natural draft dry cooling towers." Applied Thermal Engineering. 66 (1-2), pp. 621-631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.02.070
Inverse Simulation for Hypersonic Vehicle Analysis
Forbes-Spyratos, S., Jahn, I. H., Preller, D. and Smart, M.. 2014. "Inverse Simulation for Hypersonic Vehicle Analysis." 19th AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference. Atlanta, United States 16 - 20 Jun 2014 United States. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2014-2954
Experimental study on inlet air cooling by water spray for natural draft dry cooling towers enhancement
Alkhedhair, A., Guan, Z., Gurgenci, H., Jahn, I. and He, S.. 2014. "Experimental study on inlet air cooling by water spray for natural draft dry cooling towers enhancement." 19th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference (AFMC 2014). Melbourne, Australia 08 - 11 Dec 2014 Australia.
Hydrodynamic air-riding in leaf seals
Jahn, Ingo H. I., Gillespie, David and Cooper, Paul. 2013. "Hydrodynamic air-riding in leaf seals." ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. San Antonio. United States 03 - 07 Jun 2013 United States. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). https://doi.org/10.1115/GT2013-95585
Maximizing Contacting Filament Seal Performance Retention
Jahn, Ingo H. J.. 2013. "Maximizing Contacting Filament Seal Performance Retention." ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. San Antonio. United States 03 - 07 Jun 2013 United States. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). https://doi.org/10.1115/GT2013-94261
Improved understanding of negative stiffness in filament seals
Franceschini, Gervas, Jahn, Ingo H. J., Owen, Andrew K, Jones, Terry V and Gillespie, David R. H.. 2013. "Improved understanding of negative stiffness in filament seals." ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. Copenhagen, Denmark 11 - 15 Jun 2012 United States. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).
Numerical simulation of water spray for pre-cooling of inlet air in natural draft dry cooling towers
Alkhedhair, Abdullah, Gurgenci, Hal, Jahn, Ingo, Guan, Zhiqiang and He, Suoying. 2013. "Numerical simulation of water spray for pre-cooling of inlet air in natural draft dry cooling towers." Applied Thermal Engineering. 61 (2), pp. 416-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.08.012
Numerical simulation of water injection for pre-cooling inlet air in dry cooling towers
Alkhedhair, A., Gurgenci, H., Jahn, I. and Guan, Z.. 2013. "Numerical simulation of water injection for pre-cooling inlet air in dry cooling towers." 16th IAHR Cooling Tower and Air-cooled Heat Exchanger Conference (IAHR 16). Minsk, Belarus 30 Sep 201 - 02 Oct 2013 United States.
Negative stiffness in gas turbine leaf seals
Jahn, Ingo H. J., Owen, Andrew K, Franceschini, Gervas and Gillespie, David R. H.. 2012. "Negative stiffness in gas turbine leaf seals." ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. Vancouver, Canada 06 - 10 Jun 2011 Canada. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). https://doi.org/10.1115/GT2011-46483
Shear driven films inside cylinders
Jahn, I.H.. 2012. "Shear driven films inside cylinders." 18th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference (AFMC 2012). Launceston, Australia 03 - 07 Dec 2012 Australia.
Experimental characterisation of the stiffness and leakage of a prototype leaf seal for turbine applications
Jahn, Ingo H. J., Owen, Andrew K., Franceschini, Gervas and Gillespie, David. 2009. "Experimental characterisation of the stiffness and leakage of a prototype leaf seal for turbine applications." ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. Berlin, Germany 09 - 13 Jun 2008 Germany. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). https://doi.org/10.1115/GT2008-51206