Changes in cancer incidence and survival among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children in Australia, 1997–2016

Article

Youlden, Danny R., Baade, Peter D., McBride, Craig A., Pole, Jason D., Moore, Andrew S., Valery, Patricia C., Young, Angela and Aitken, Joanne F.. 2022. "Changes in cancer incidence and survival among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children in Australia, 1997–2016." Pediatric Blood and Cancer. 69 (4). https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.29492
Article Title

Changes in cancer incidence and survival among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children in Australia, 1997–2016

ERA Journal ID16588
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsYoulden, Danny R., Baade, Peter D., McBride, Craig A., Pole, Jason D., Moore, Andrew S., Valery, Patricia C., Young, Angela and Aitken, Joanne F.
Journal TitlePediatric Blood and Cancer
Journal Citation69 (4)
Article Numbere29492
Number of Pages11
Year2022
PublisherJohn Wiley & Sons
Place of PublicationUnited States
ISSN1545-5009
1545-5017
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.29492
Web Address (URL)https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pbc.29492
Abstract

Background
This study reports cancer incidence and survival among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and other Australian children, and assesses changes over time.

Procedure
Data were from the population-based Australian Childhood Cancer Registry. The study comprised children aged under 15 diagnosed between 1997 and 2016 and with mortality follow-up until 31 December 2017. Incidence trends were analysed using JoinPoint regression. Five-year cancer-specific survival was calculated using the semi-complete approach with survival comparisons made using multivariable flexible parametric models.

Results
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children accounted for 506 of 13,299 eligible cases (3.8%). Incidence rates for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children across the study period increased by 2.3% annually (95% confidence interval [CI]: +0.6% to +4.0%) and for other Australian children increased by 0.6% annually (95% CI: +0.3% to +0.9%; p = .05). Nonetheless, cancer incidence was consistently lower for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, with an incidence rate ratio of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.62–0.85; p < .01) between 2012 and 2016. Survival for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children with solid tumours was 70.6% (95% CI: 62.5%–77.3%) and for other Australian children was 83.5% (95% CI: 82.3%–84.7%; p < .01), with indications of this difference diminishing in recent years.

Conclusions
Improvements in identification, particularly in urban areas, most likely accounts for the greater increase in cancer incidence rates among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. Examination of data on stage at diagnosis and treatment may provide important insights into survival for children with solid tumours.

KeywordsAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander; survival; incidence; childhood cancer; Australia
Public Notes

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Byline AffiliationsCancer Council Queensland, Australia
Griffith University
Queensland University of Technology
Children’s Health Queensland, Australia
University of Queensland
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Australia
Children’s Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Queensland
Institute for Resilient Regions
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Chambers, Suzanne K., Scuffham, Paul A., Baade, Peter D., Lowe, Anthony P., Dunn, Jeff, Galvao, Daniel A., Gordon, Louisa, Smith, David P., Sandoe, David F., Wootten, Addie C., Spry, Nigel A., Gardiner, Robert A., Davis, Ian D. and Newton, Robert U.. 2015. "Advancing prostate cancer survivorship research in Australia." Cancer Forum. 39 (3), pp. 204-209.
A systematic review of the impact of stigma and nihilism on lung cancer outcomes
Chambers, Suzanne K., Dunn, Jeffrey, Occhipinti, Stefano, Hughes, Suzanne, Baade, Peter, Sinclair, Sue, Aitken, Joanne, Youl, Pip and O'Connell, Dianne L.. 2012. "A systematic review of the impact of stigma and nihilism on lung cancer outcomes." BMC Cancer. 12 (184). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-12-184
The impact of body mass index and physical activity on mortality among patients with colorectal cancer in Queensland, Australia
Baade, Peter D., Meng, Xingqiong, Youl, Philippa H., Aitken, Joanne F., Dunn, Jeff and Chambers, Suzanne K.. 2011. "The impact of body mass index and physical activity on mortality among patients with colorectal cancer in Queensland, Australia." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. 20 (7), pp. 1410-1420. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-0079
A multilevel investigation of inequalities in clinical and psychosocial outcomes for women after breast cancer
Youl, Philippa H., Baade, Peter D., Aitken, Joanne F., Chambers, Suzanne K., Turrell, Gavin, Pyke, Christopher and Dunn, Jeffrey. 2011. "A multilevel investigation of inequalities in clinical and psychosocial outcomes for women after breast cancer." BMC Cancer. 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-11-415
The influence of high-intensity compared with moderate-intensity exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in colorectal cancer survivors: a randomised controlled trial
Devin, James L., Sax, Andrew T., Hughes, Gareth I., Jenkins, David G., Aitken, Joanne F., Chambers, Suzanne K., Dunn, Jeffrey C., Bolam, Kate A. and Skinner, Tina L.. 2016. "The influence of high-intensity compared with moderate-intensity exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in colorectal cancer survivors: a randomised controlled trial." Journal of Cancer Survivorship. 10 (3), pp. 467-479. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-015-0490-7
A five-year prospective study of quality of life after colorectal cancer
Chambers, Suzanne K., Meng, Xingqiong, Youl, Pip, Aitken, Joanne, Dunn, Jeff and Baade, Peter. 2012. "A five-year prospective study of quality of life after colorectal cancer." Quality of Life Research. 21 (9), pp. 1551-1564. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-011-0067-5
Epidemiology of prostate cancer in the Asia-Pacific region
Baade, Peter D., Youlden, Danny R., Cramb, Susanna M., Dunn, Jeff and Gardiner, Robert A.. 2013. "Epidemiology of prostate cancer in the Asia-Pacific region." Prostate International. 1 (2), pp. 47-58. https://doi.org/10.12954/PI.12014
A longitudinal study of post-traumatic growth and psychological distress in colorectal cancer survivors
Occhipinti, Stefano, Chambers, Suzanne K., Lepore, Stephen, Aitken, Joanne and Dunn, Jeff. 2015. "A longitudinal study of post-traumatic growth and psychological distress in colorectal cancer survivors." PLoS One. 10 (9). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139119
Location of residence and breast cancer stage: a SEER population-based analysis
Brandon, Lindsay, Youl, Pip, Baade, Peter, Whiteside, Eliza and Kimlin, Michael. 2015. "Location of residence and breast cancer stage: a SEER population-based analysis." The Breast Journal. 21 (6), pp. 693-695. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbj.12499
Lifetime ultraviolet exposure estimates for selected population groups in south east Queensland
Parisi, A. V., Meldrum, L. R., Wong, J. C. F., Aitken, J. and Fleming, R. A.. 1999. "Lifetime ultraviolet exposure estimates for selected population groups in south east Queensland." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 44 (12), pp. 2947-2953. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/44/12/307
Effect of childhood and adolescent ultraviolet exposures on cumulative exposure in south east Queensland schools
Parisi, A. V., Meldrum, L. R., Wong, J. C. F., Aitken, J. and Fleming, R. A.. 2000. "Effect of childhood and adolescent ultraviolet exposures on cumulative exposure in south east Queensland schools." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 16 (1), pp. 19-24. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0781.2000.160106.x
Evaluation of differences in ultraviolet exposure during weekend and weekday activities
Parisi, A. V., Meldrum, L. R., Kimlin, M. G., Wong, J. C. F., Aitken, J. and Mainstone, J. S.. 2000. "Evaluation of differences in ultraviolet exposure during weekend and weekday activities." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 45 (8), pp. 2253-2262. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/45/8/314