Gaussian Processes and Nested Sampling Applied to Kepler's Small Long-period Exoplanet Candidates

Article

Matesic, Michael R. B., Rowe, Jason F., Livingston, John H., Dholakia, Shishir, Jontof-Hutter, Daniel and Lissauer, Jack J.. 2024. "Gaussian Processes and Nested Sampling Applied to Kepler's Small Long-period Exoplanet Candidates." The Astronomical Journal. 167 (2). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad0fe9

Article Title	Gaussian Processes and Nested Sampling Applied to Kepler's Small Long-period Exoplanet Candidates
ERA Journal ID	1048
Article Category	Article
Authors	Matesic, Michael R. B., Rowe, Jason F., Livingston, John H., Dholakia, Shishir, Jontof-Hutter, Daniel and Lissauer, Jack J.
Journal Title	The Astronomical Journal
Journal Citation	167 (2)
Article Number	68
Number of Pages	15
Year	2024
Publisher	IOP Publishing
Place of Publication	United States
ISSN	0004-6256
	1538-3881
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad0fe9
Web Address (URL)	https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad0fe9
Abstract	There are more than 5000 confirmed and validated planets beyond the solar system to date, more than half of which were discovered by NASA's Kepler mission. The catalog of Kepler's exoplanet candidates has only been extensively analyzed under the assumption of white noise (i.i.d. Gaussian), which breaks down on timescales longer than a day due to correlated noise (point-to-point correlation) from stellar variability and instrumental effects. Statistical validation of candidate transit events becomes increasingly difficult when they are contaminated by this form of correlated noise, especially in the low-signal-to-noise (S/N) regimes occupied by Earth–Sun and Venus–Sun analogs. To diagnose small long-period, low-S/N putative transit signatures with few (roughly 3–9) observed transit-like events (e.g., Earth–Sun analogs), we model Kepler's photometric data as noise, treated as a Gaussian process, with and without the inclusion of a transit model. Nested sampling algorithms from the Python UltraNest package recover model evidences and maximum a posteriori parameter sets, allowing us to disposition transit signatures as either planet candidates or false alarms within a Bayesian framework.
Keywords	Kepler mission stellar
Contains Sensitive Content	Does not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020	5101. Astronomical sciences
Byline Affiliations	University of Montreal, Canada
	Bishop’s University, Canada
	Astrobiology Center, Japan
	National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Japan
	Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Japan
	Centre for Astrophysics
	University of the Pacific, United States
	NASA Ames Research Center, United States

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Burt, Jennifer A., Nielsen, Louise D., Quinn, Samuel N., Mamajek, Eric E., Matthews, Elisabeth C., Zhou, George, Seidel, Julia V., Huang, Chelsea X., Lopez, Eric, Soto, Maritza, Otegi, Jon, Stassun, Keivan G., Kreidberg, Laura, Collins, Karen A., Eastman, Jason D., Rodriguez, Joseph E., Vanderburg, Andrew, Halverson, Samuel P., Teske, Johanna K., ..., Fong, William. 2020. "TOI-824 b: A New Planet on the Lower Edge of the Hot Neptune Desert." The Astronomical Journal. 160 (4), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abac0c

Two New HATNet Hot Jupiters around A Stars and the First Glimpse at the Occurrence Rate of Hot Jupiters from TESS

Zhou, G., Huang, C. X., Bakos, G. A., Hartman, J. D., Latham, David W., Quinn, S. N., Collins, K. A., Winn, J. N., Wong, I., Kovacs, G., Csubry, Z., Bhatti, W., Penev, K., Bieryla, A., Esquerdo, G. A., Berlind, P., Calkins, M. L., de Val-Borro, M., Noyes, R. W., ..., Villanueva, S.. 2019. "Two New HATNet Hot Jupiters around A Stars and the First Glimpse at the Occurrence Rate of Hot Jupiters from TESS." The Astronomical Journal. 158 (4), pp. 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab36b5

TOI-503: The First Known Brown-dwarf Am-star Binary from the TESS Mission

Subjak, Jan, Sharma, Rishikesh, Carmichael, Theron W., Johnson, Marshall C., Gonzales, Erica J., Matthews, Elisabeth, Boffin, Henri M. J., Brahm, Rafael, Chaturvedi, Priyanka, Chakraborty, Abhijit, Ciardi, David R., Collins, Karen A., Esposito, Massimiliano, Fridlund, Malcolm, Gan, Tianjun, Gandolfi, Davide, Garcia, Rafael A., Guenther, Eike, Hatzes, Artie, ..., Kabath, Petr. 2020. "TOI-503: The First Known Brown-dwarf Am-star Binary from the TESS Mission." The Astronomical Journal. 159 (4), pp. 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab7245

TOI-216b and TOI-216 c: Two Warm, Large Exoplanets in or Slightly Wide of the 2:1 Orbital Resonance

Dawson, Rebekah I., Huang, Chelsea X., Lissauer, Jack J., Collins, Karen A., Sha, Lizhou, Armstrong, James, Conti, Dennis M., Collins, Kevin I., Evans, Phil, Gan, Tianjun, Horne, Keith, Ireland, Michael, Murgas, Felipe, Myers, Gordon, Relles, Howard M., Sefako, Ramotholo, Shporer, Avi, Stockdale, Chris, Zerjal, Marusa, ..., Yu, Liang. 2019. "TOI-216b and TOI-216 c: Two Warm, Large Exoplanets in or Slightly Wide of the 2:1 Orbital Resonance." The Astronomical Journal. 158 (2), pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab24ba

Cluster Difference Imaging Photometric Survey. II. TOI 837: A Young Validated Planet in IC 2602

Bouma, L. G., Hartman, J. D., Brahm, R., Evans, P., Collins, K. A., Zhou, G., Sarkis, P., Quinn, S. N., de Leon, J., Livingston, J., Bergmann, C., Stassun, K. G., Bhatti, W., Winn, J. N., Bakos, G. A., Abe, L., Crouzet, N., Dransfield, G., Guillot, T., ..., Wohler, B.. 2020. "Cluster Difference Imaging Photometric Survey. II. TOI 837: A Young Validated Planet in IC 2602." The Astronomical Journal. 160 (5), pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abb9ab

TESS Spots a Hot Jupiter with an Inner Transiting Neptune

Huang, Chelsea X., Quinn, Samuel N., Vanderburg, Andrew, Becker, Juliette, Rodriguez, Joseph E., Pozuelos, Francisco J., Gandolfi, Davide, Zhou, George, Mann, Andrew W., Collins, Karen A., Crossfield, Ian, Barkaoui, Khalid, Collins, Kevin I., Fridlund, Malcolm, Gillon, Michael, Gonzales, Erica J., Gunther, Maximilian N., Henry, Todd J., Howell, Steve B., ..., Wong, Ian. 2020. "TESS Spots a Hot Jupiter with an Inner Transiting Neptune." The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 892 (1), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab7302

Tentative Evidence for Water Vapor in the Atmosphere of the Neptune-sized Exoplanet HD 106315c

Kreidberg, Laura, Molliere, Paul, Crossfield, Ian J. M., Thorngren, Daniel P., Kawashima, Yui Kawashima, Morley, Caroline V., Benneke, Björn, Mikal-Evans, Thomas, Berardo, David, Kosiarek, Molly R., Gorjian, Varoujan, Ciardi, David R., Christiansen, Jessie L., Dragomir, Diana, Dressing, Courtney D., Fortney, Jonathan J., Fulton, Benjamin J., Greene, Thomas P., Hardegree-Ullman, Kevin K, ..., Weiss, Lauren M.. 2022. "Tentative Evidence for Water Vapor in the Atmosphere of the Neptune-sized Exoplanet HD 106315c." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 164 (4). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac85be

Scaling K2. V. Statistical Validation of 60 New Exoplanets from K2 Campaigns 2-18

Christiansen, Jessie L., Bhure, Sakhee, Zink, Jon K., Hardegree-Ullman, Kevin K., Adkins, Britt Duffy, Hedges, Christina, Morton, Timothy D., Bieryla, Allyson, Ciardi, David R., Cochran, William D., Dressing, Courtney D., Everett, Mark E., Isaacson, Howard, Livingston, John H., Ziegler, Carl, Berlind, Perry, Calkins, Michael L., Esquerdo, Gilbert A., Latham, David W., ..., Petigura, Erik A. P. 2022. "Scaling K2. V. Statistical Validation of 60 New Exoplanets from K2 Campaigns 2-18." The Astronomical Journal. 163 (6). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5c4c

TESS discovery of a super-Earth and two sub-Neptunes orbiting the bright, nearby, Sun-like star HD 22946

Cacciapuoti, Luca, Inno, Laura, Covone, Giovanni, Kostov, Veselin B., Barclay, Thomas, Quintana, Elisa V., Colon, Knicole D., Stassun, Keivan G., Hord, Benjamin, Giacalone, Steven, Kane, Stephen R., Hoffman, Kelsey, Rowe, Jason, Wang, Gavin, Collins, Kevin I., Collins, Karen A., Tan, Thiam-Guan, Gallo, Francesco, Magliano, Christian, ..., Fong, William. 2022. "TESS discovery of a super-Earth and two sub-Neptunes orbiting the bright, nearby, Sun-like star HD 22946." Astronomy and Astrophysics: a European journal. 668. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202243565

TOI-1670 b and c: An Inner Sub-Neptune with an Outer Warm Jupiter Unlikely to Have Originated from High-eccentricity Migration

Tran, Quang H., Bowler, Brendan P., Endl, Michael, Cochran, William D., MacQueen, Phillip J., Gandolfi, Davide, Persson, Carina M., Fridlund, Malcolm, Palle, Enric, Nowak, Grzegorz, Deeg, Hans J., Luque, Rafael, Livingston, John H., Kabath, Petr, Skarka, Marek, Subjak, Ján, Howell, Steve B., Albrecht, Simon H., Collins, Karen A., ..., Winn, Joshua N.. 2022. "TOI-1670 b and c: An Inner Sub-Neptune with an Outer Warm Jupiter Unlikely to Have Originated from High-eccentricity Migration." The Astronomical Journal. 163 (5). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5c4f

HD 28109 hosts a trio of transiting Neptunian planets including a near-resonant pair, confirmed by ASTEP from Antarctica Get access Arrow

Dransfield, Georgina, Triaud, Amaury H M J, Guillot, Tristan, Mekarnia, Djamel, Nesvorny, David, Crouzet, Nicolas, Abe, Lyu, Agabi, Karim, Buttu, Marco, Cabrera, Juan, Gandolfi, Davide, Gunther, Maximilian N, Rodler, Florian, Schmider, Francois-Xavier, Stee, Philippe, Suarez, Olga, Collins, Karen A, Dévora-Pajares, Martín, Howell, Steve B, ..., Zhou, George. 2022. "HD 28109 hosts a trio of transiting Neptunian planets including a near-resonant pair, confirmed by ASTEP from Antarctica Get access Arrow." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 515 (1), pp. 1328-1345. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac1383

Validation of 13 Hot and Potentially Terrestrial TESS Planets

Giacalone, Steven, Dressing, Courtney D., Hedges, Christina, Kostov, Veselin B., Collins, Karen A., Jensen, Eric L. N., Yahalomi, Daniel A., Bieryla, Allyson, Ciardi, David R., Howell, Steve B., Lillo-Box, Jorge, Barkaoui, Khalid, Winters, Jennifer G, Matthews, Elisabeth, Livingston, John H., Quinn, Samuel N., Safonov, Boris S., Cadieux, Charles, Furlan, E., ..., Zou, Yujie. 2022. "Validation of 13 Hot and Potentially Terrestrial TESS Planets ." Astronomical Journal. 163 (2). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac4334

TOI-954 b and K2-329 b: short-period Saturn-mass planets that test whether irradiation leads to inflation

Sha, Lizhou, Huang, Chelsea X., Shporer, Avi, Rodriguez, Joseph E., Vanderburg, Andrew, Brahm, Rafael, Hagelberg, Janis, Matthews, Elisabeth C., Ziegler, Carl, Livingston, John H., Stassun, Keivan G., Wright, Duncan J., Crane, Jeffrey D., Espinoza, Nestor, Bouchy, Francois, Bakos, Gaspar A., Collins, Karen A., Zhou, George, Bieryla, Allyson, ..., Villanueva, Steven. 2021. "TOI-954 b and K2-329 b: short-period Saturn-mass planets that test whether irradiation leads to inflation." The Astronomical Journal. 161 (2). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abd187

Near-resonance in a System of Sub-Neptunes from TESS

Quinn, Samuel N., Becker, Juliette C., Rodriguez, Joseph E., Hadden, Sam, Huang, Chelsea X., Morton, Timothy D., Adams, Fred C., Armstrong, David, Eastman, Jason D., Horner, Jonathan, Kane, Stephen R., Lissauer, Jack J., Twicken, Joseph D., Vanderburg, Andrew, Wittenmyer, Rob, Ricker, George R., Vanderspek, Roland K., Latham, David W., Seager, Sara, ..., Ziegler, Carl. 2019. "Near-resonance in a System of Sub-Neptunes from TESS." The Astronomical Journal. 158 (5), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab3f2b

TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME): A Planet in the 45 Myr Tucana-Horologium Association

Newton, Elisabeth R., Mann, Andrew W., Tofflemire, Benjamin M., Pearce, Logan, Rizzuto, Aaron C., Vanderburg, Andrew, Martinez, Raquel A., Wang, Jason J., Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste, Kraus, Adam L., Johnson, Marshall C., Thao, Pa Chia, Wood, Mackenna L., Rampalli, Rayna, Nielsen, Eric L., Collins, Karen A., Dragomir, Diana, Hellier, Coel, Anderson, D. R, ..., Wittenmyer, Robert A.. 2019. "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME): A Planet in the 45 Myr Tucana-Horologium Association." The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 880 (1), pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab2988

Kepler-1649b: an exo-Venus in the solar neighborhood

Angelo, Isabel, Rowe, Jason F., Howell, Steve B., Quintana, Elisa V., Still, Martin, Mann, Andrew W., Burningham, Ben, Barclay, Thomas, Ciardi, David R., Huber, Daniel and Kane, Stephen R.. 2017. "Kepler-1649b: an exo-Venus in the solar neighborhood." The Astronomical Journal. 153 (4). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aa615f

Spitzer observations confirm and rescue the habitable-zone super-earth K2-18b for future characterization

Benneke, Bjorn, Werner, Michael, Petigura, Erik, Knutson, Heather, Dressing, Courtney, Crossfield, Ian J. M., Schlieder, Joshua E., Livingston, John, Beichman, Charles, Christiansen, Jessie, Krick, Jessica, Gorjian, Varoujan, Howard, Andrew W., Sinukoff, Evan, Ciardi, David R. and Akeson, Rachel L.. 2017. "Spitzer observations confirm and rescue the habitable-zone super-earth K2-18b for future characterization." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 834 (2). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/834/2/187

Mass constraints of the WASP-47 planetary system from radial velocities

Sinukoff, Evan, Howard, Andrew W., Petigura, Erik A., Fulton, Benjamin J., Isaacson, Howard, Weiss, Lauren M., Brewer, John M., Hansen, Brad M. S., Hirsch, Lea, Christiansen, Jessie L., Crepp, Justin R., Crossfield, Ian J. M., Schlieder, Joshua E., Ciardi, David R., Beichman, Charles A., Knutson, Heather A., Benneke, Bjoern, Dressing, Courtney D., Livingston, John H., ..., Rogers, Leslie A.. 2017. "Mass constraints of the WASP-47 planetary system from radial velocities." The Astronomical Journal. 153 (2). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/153/2/70

197 candidates and 104 validated planets in K2's first five fields

Crossfield, Ian J., Ciardi, David R., Petigura, Erik A., Sinukoff, Evan, Schlieder, Joshua E., Howard, Andrew W., Beichman, Charles A., Isaacson, Howard, Dressing, Courtney D., Christiansen, Jessie L., Fulton, Benjamin J., Lepine, Sebastien, Weiss, Lauren, Hirsch, Lea, Livingston, John, Baranec, Christoph, Law, Nicholas M., Riddle, Reed, Ziegler, Carl, ..., Defrere, Denis. 2016. "197 candidates and 104 validated planets in K2's first five fields." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 226 (1), pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3847/0067-0049/226/1/7

Planetary candidates observed by Kepler. III. Analysis of the first 16 months of data

Batalha, Natalie M., Rowe, Jason F., Bryson, Stephen T., Barclay, Thomas, Burke, Christopher J., Caldwell, Douglas A., Christiansen, Jessie L., Mullally, Fergal, Thompson, Susan E., Brown, Timothy M., Dupree, Andrea K., Fabrycky, Daniel C., Ford, Eric B., Fortney, Jonathan J., Gilliland, Ronald L., Isaacson, Howard, Latham, David W., Marcy, Geoffrey W., Quinn, Samuel N., ..., Welsh, William F.. 2013. "Planetary candidates observed by Kepler. III. Analysis of the first 16 months of data." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 204 (2), pp. 24-44. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/204/2/24

Characteristics of Kepler planetary candidates based on the first data set

Borucki, William J., Koch, David G., Basri, Gibor, Batalha, Natalie, Boss, Alan, Brown, Timothy M., Caldwell, Douglas, Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen, Cochran, William D., DeVore, Edna, Dunham, Edward W., Dupree, Andrea K., Gautier, Thomas N., Geary, John C., Gilliland, Ronald, Gould, Alan, Howell, Steve B., Jenkins, Jon M., Kjeldsen, Hans, ..., Wu, Hayley. 2011. "Characteristics of Kepler planetary candidates based on the first data set." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 728 (2), pp. 117-136. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/728/2/117

Characteristics of planetary candidates observed by Kepler. II. Analysis of the first four months of data

Borucki, William J., Koch, David G., Bryson, Stephen T., Lissauer, Jack J., Rowe, Jason, Haas, Michael, Basri, Gibor, Marcy, Geoffrey W., Howard, Andrew, Isaacson, Howard, Walkowicz, Lucianne, Batalha, Natalie, Brown, Timothy M., Shporer, Avi, Caldwell, Douglas, DeVore, Edna, Jenkins, Jon M., Doyle, Laurance, Tarter, Jill, ..., Prsa, Andrej. 2011. "Characteristics of planetary candidates observed by Kepler. II. Analysis of the first four months of data." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 736 (1). https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/736/1/19

Architecture and dynamics of Kepler's candidate multiple transiting planet systems

Lissauer, Jack J., Ragozzine, Darin, Fabrycky, Daniel C., Steffen, Jason H., Ford, Eric B., Jenkins, Jon M., Shporer, Avi, Holman, Matthew J., Rowe, Jason F., Quintana, Elisa V., Batalha, Natalie M., Borucki, William J., Bryson, Stephen T., Caldwell, Douglas A., Carter, Joshua A., Ciardi, David, Dunham, Edward W., Fortney, Jonathan J., Gautier, Thomas N., ..., Sasselov, Dimitar. 2011. "Architecture and dynamics of Kepler's candidate multiple transiting planet systems." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 197 (1), pp. 8-33. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/197/1/8

Kepler-22b: a 2.4 earth-radius planet in the habitable zone of a sun-like star

Borucki, William J., Koch, David G., Batalha, Natalie, Bryson, Stephen T., Rowe, Jason, Fressin, Francois, Torres, Guillermo, Caldwell, Douglas A., Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen, Cochran, William D., DeVore, Edna, Gautier, Thomas N., Geary, John C., Gilliland, Ronald, Gould, Alan, Howell, Steve B., Jenkins, Jon M., Latham, David W., Lissauer, Jack J., ..., Rapin, William. 2012. "Kepler-22b: a 2.4 earth-radius planet in the habitable zone of a sun-like star." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 745 (2), pp. 120-135. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/745/2/120

KEPLER-21b: a 1.6 REarth planet transiting the bright oscillating F subgiant star HD179070

Howell, Steve B., Rowe, Jason F., Bryson, Stephen T., Quinn, Samuel N., Marcy, Geoffrey W., Isaacson, Howard, Ciardi, David R., Chaplin, William J., Metcalfe, Travis S., Monteiro, Mario J. P. F. G., Appourchaux, Thierry, Basu, Sarbani, Creevey, Orlagh L., Gilliland, Ronald L., Quirion, Pierre Olivier, Stello, Denis, Kjeldsen, Hans, Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen, Elsworth, Yvonne, ..., Henze, Christopher E.. 2012. "KEPLER-21b: a 1.6 REarth planet transiting the bright oscillating F subgiant star HD179070." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 746 (2), pp. 123-140. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/746/2/123

Almost all of Kepler's multiple-planet candidates are planets

Lissauer, Jack J., Marcy, Geoffrey W., Rowe, Jason F., Bryson, Stephen T., Adams, Elisabeth, Buchhave, Lars A., Ciardi, David R., Cochran, William D., Fabrycky, Daniel C., Ford, Eric B., Fressin, Francois, Geary, John, Gilliland, Ronald L., Holman, Matthew J., Howell, Steve B., Jenkins, Jon M., Kinemuchi, Karen, Koch, David G., Morehead, Robert C., ..., Twicken, Joseph D.. 2012. "Almost all of Kepler's multiple-planet candidates are planets." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 750 (2), pp. 112-126. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/750/2/112

Kepler-62: A five-planet system with planets of 1.4 and 1.6 Earth radii in the habitable zone

Borucki, William J., Agol, Eric, Fressin, Francois, Kaltenegger, Lisa, Rowe, Jason, Isaacson, Howard, Fischer, Debra, Batalha, Natalie, Lissauer, Jack J., Marcy, Geoffrey W., Fabrycky, Daniel, Desert, Jean Michel, Bryson, Stephen T., Barclay, Thomas, Bastien, Fabienne, Boss, Alan, Brugamyer, Erik, Buchhave, Lars A., Burke, Chris, ..., Winn, Joshua N.. 2013. "Kepler-62: A five-planet system with planets of 1.4 and 1.6 Earth radii in the habitable zone." Science. 340 (6132), pp. 587-590. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1234702

Validation of Kepler's multiple planet candidates. III. Light curve analysis and announcement of hundreds of new multi-planet systems

Rowe, Jason F., Bryson, Stephen T., Marcy, Geoffrey W., Lissauer, Jack J., Jontof-Hutter, Daniel, Mullally, Fergal, Gilliland, Ronald L., Isaacson, Howard, Ford, Eric, Howell, Steve B., Borucki, William J., Haas, Michael, Huber, Daniel, Steffen, Jason H., Thompson, Susan E., Quintana, Elisa, Barclay, Thomas, Still, Martin, Fortney, Jonathan, ..., Geary, John. 2014. "Validation of Kepler's multiple planet candidates. III. Light curve analysis and announcement of hundreds of new multi-planet systems." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 784 (1), pp. 45-64. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/784/1/45

Discovery and validation of Kepler-452b: A 1.6 R⊕; super earth exoplanet in the habitable zone of a G2 star

Jenkins, Jon M., Twicken, Joseph D., Batalha, Natalie M., Caldwell, Douglas A., Cochran, William D., Endl, Michael, Latham, David W., Esquerdo, Gilbert A., Seader, Shawn, Bieryla, Allyson, Petigura, Erik, Ciardi, David R., Marcy, Geoffrey W., Isaacson, Howard, Huber, Daniel, Rowe, Jason F., Torres, Guillermo, Bryson, Stephen T., Buchhave, Lars, ..., Borucki, William J.. 2015. "Discovery and validation of Kepler-452b: A 1.6 R⊕; super earth exoplanet in the habitable zone of a G2 star." The Astronomical Journal. 150 (2), pp. 56-74. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/150/2/56

Modeling Kepler transit light curves as false positives: rejection of blend scenarios for Kepler-9, and validation of Kepler-9 d, a super-earth-size planet in a multiple system

Torres, Guillermo, Fressin, Francois, Batalha, Natalie M., Borucki, William J., Brown, Timothy M., Bryson, Stephen T., Buchhave, Lars A., Charbonneau, David, Ciardi, David R., Dunham, Edward W., Fabrycky, Daniel C., Ford, Eric B., Gautier, Thomas N., Gilliland, Ronald L., Holman, Matthew J., Howell, Steve B., Isaacson, Howard, Jenkins, Jon M., Koch, David G., ..., Welsh, William F.. 2011. "Modeling Kepler transit light curves as false positives: rejection of blend scenarios for Kepler-9, and validation of Kepler-9 d, a super-earth-size planet in a multiple system." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 727 (1), pp. 24-41. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/727/1/24

Kepler's first rocky planet: Kepler-10b

Batalha, Natalie M., Borucki, William J., Bryson, Stephen T., Buchhave, Lars A., Caldwell, Douglas A., Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen, Ciardi, David, Dunham, Edward W., Fressin, Francois, Gautier, Thomas N., Gilliland, Ronald L., Haas, Michael R., Howell, Steve B., Jenkins, Jon M., Kjeldsen, Hans, Koch, David G., Latham, David W., Lissauer, Jack J., Marcy, Geoffrey W., ..., Gould, Alan. 2011. "Kepler's first rocky planet: Kepler-10b." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 729 (1), pp. 27-47. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/729/1/27

A first comparison of Kepler planet candidates in single and multiple systems

Latham, David W., Rowe, Jason F., Quinn, Samuel N., Batalha, Natalie M., Borucki, William J., Brown, Timothy M., Bryson, Stephen T., Buchhave, Lars A., Caldwell, Douglas A., Carter, Joshua A., Christiansen, Jessie L., Ciardi, David R., Cochran, William D., Dunham, Edward W., Fabrycky, Daniel C., Ford, Eric B., Gautier, Thomas N., Gilliland, Ronald L., Holman, Matthew J., ..., Wohler, Bill. 2011. "A first comparison of Kepler planet candidates in single and multiple systems." The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 732 (2), pp. L24-L27. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/732/2/L24

Kepler-18b, c, and d: a system of three planets confirmed by transit timing variations, light curve validation, Warm-Spitzer photometry, and radial velocity measurements

Cochran, William D., Fabrycky, Daniel C., Torres, Guillermo, Fressin, Francois, Desert, Jean Michel, Ragozzine, Darin, Sasselov, Dimitar, Fortney, Jonathan J., Rowe, Jason F., Brugamyer, Erik J., Bryson, Stephen T., Carter, Joshua A., Ciardi, David R., Howell, Steve B., Steffen, Jason H., Borucki, William J., Koch, David G., Winn, Joshua N., Welsh, William F., ..., Batalha, Natalie. 2011. "Kepler-18b, c, and d: a system of three planets confirmed by transit timing variations, light curve validation, Warm-Spitzer photometry, and radial velocity measurements." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 197 (1), pp. 7-25. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/197/1/7

Kepler-14b: A massive hot Jupiter transiting an F star in a close visual binary

Buchhave, Lars A., Latham, David W., Carter, Joshua A., Desert, Jean Michel, Torres, Guillermo, Adams, Elisabeth R., Bryson, Stephen T., Charbonneau, David B., Ciardi, David R., Kulesa, Craig, Dupree, Andrea K., Fischer, Debra A., Fressin, Francois, Gautier, Thomas N., Gilliland, Ronald L., Howell, Steve B., Isaacson, Howard, Jenkins, Jon M., Marcy, Geoffrey W., ..., Van Cleve, Jeffrey. 2011. "Kepler-14b: A massive hot Jupiter transiting an F star in a close visual binary." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 197 (1), pp. 3-12. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/197/1/3

Discovery and atmospheric characterization of giant planet Kepler-12b: An inflated radius outlier

Fortney, Jonathan J., Demory, Brice Olivier, Desert, Jean Michel, Rowe, Jason, Marcy, Geoffrey W., Isaacson, Howard, Buchhave, Lars A., Ciardi, David, Gautier, Thomas N., Batalha, Natalie M., Caldwell, Douglas A., Bryson, Stephen T., Nutzman, Philip, Jenkins, Jon M., Howard, Andrew, Charbonneau, David, Knutson, Heather A., Howell, Steve B., Everett, Mark, ..., Geary, John C.. 2011. "Discovery and atmospheric characterization of giant planet Kepler-12b: An inflated radius outlier." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 197 (1), pp. 9-20. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/197/1/9

Kepler-10c: a 2.2 earth radius transiting planet in a multiple system

Fressin, François, Torres, Guillermo, Desert, Jean Michel, Charbonneau, David, Batalha, Natalie M., Fortney, Jonathan J., Rowe, Jason F., Allen, Christopher, Borucki, William J., Brown, Timothy M., Bryson, Stephen T., Ciardi, David R., Holman, Matthew J., Latham, David W., Ragozzine, Darin, Cochran, William D., Sasselov, Dimitar D., Fabrycky, Daniel C., Henze, Christopher E., ..., Marcy, Geoffrey W.. 2011. "Kepler-10c: a 2.2 earth radius transiting planet in a multiple system." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 197 (1). https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/197/1/5

Kepler-15b: a hot Jupiter enriched in heavy elements and the first Kepler mission planet confirmed with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope

Endl, Michael, MacQueen, Phillip J., Cochran, William D., Brugamyer, Erik J., Buchhave, Lars A., Rowe, Jason, Lucas, Phillip, Isaacson, Howard, Bryson, Steve, Howell, Steve B., Fortney, Jonathan J., Hansen, Terese, Borucki, William J., Caldwell, Douglas, Christiansen, Jessie L., Ciardi, David R., Demory, Brice Olivier, Everett, Mark, Ford, Eric B., ..., Twicken, Joseph D.. 2011. "Kepler-15b: a hot Jupiter enriched in heavy elements and the first Kepler mission planet confirmed with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 197 (1), pp. 13-23. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/197/1/13

The kepler-19 system: a transiting 2.2 R ⊕ planet and a second planet detected via transit timing variations

Ballard, Sarah, Fabrycky, Daniel, Fressin, Francois, Charbonneau, David, Desert, Jean Michel, Torres, Guillermo, Marcy, Geoffrey, Burke, Christopher J., Isaacson, Howard, Henze, Christopher, Steffen, Jason H., Ciardi, David R., Howell, Steven B., Cochran, William D., Endl, Michael, Bryson, Stephen T., Rowe, Jason F., Holman, Matthew J., Lissauer, Jack J., ..., Borucki, William J.. 2011. "The kepler-19 system: a transiting 2.2 R ⊕ planet and a second planet detected via transit timing variations." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 743 (2), pp. 200-219. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/743/2/200

Transit timing observations from Kepler- III. Confirmation of four multiple planet systems by a Fourier-domain study of anticorrelated transit timing variations

Steffen, Jason H., Fabrycky, Daniel C., Ford, Eric B., Carter, Joshua A., Desert, Jean Michel, Fressin, Francois, Holman, Matthew J., Lissauer, Jack J., Moorhead, Althea V., Rowe, Jason F., Ragozzine, Darin, Welsh, William F., Batalha, Natalie M., Borucki, William J., Buchhave, Lars A., Bryson, Steve, Caldwell, Douglas A., Charbonneau, David, Ciardi, David R., ..., Van Cleve, Jeffery. 2012. "Transit timing observations from Kepler- III. Confirmation of four multiple planet systems by a Fourier-domain study of anticorrelated transit timing variations." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 421 (3), pp. 2342-2354. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20467.x

Kepler-20: a sun-like star with three sub-neptune exoplanets and two earth-size candidates

Gautier, Thomas N., Charbonneau, David, Rowe, Jason F., Marcy, Geoffrey W., Isaacson, Howard, Torres, Guillermo, Fressin, Francois, Rogers, Leslie A., Desert, Jean Michel, Buchhave, Lars A., Latham, David W., Quinn, Samuel N., Ciardi, David R., Fabrycky, Daniel C., Ford, Eric B., Gilliland, Ronald L., Walkowicz, Lucianne M., Bryson, Stephen T., Cochran, William D., ..., Van Cleve, Jeffrey. 2012. "Kepler-20: a sun-like star with three sub-neptune exoplanets and two earth-size candidates." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 749 (1), pp. 15-33. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/749/1/15

Transit timing observations from Kepler. IV. Confirmation of four multiple-planet systems by simple physical models

Fabrycky, Daniel C., Ford, Eric B., Steffen, Jason H., Rowe, Jason F., Carter, Joshua A., Moorhead, Althea V., Batalha, Natalie M., Borucki, William J., Bryson, Steve, Buchhave, Lars A., Christiansen, Jessie L., Ciardi, David R., Cochran, William D., Endl, Michael, Fanelli, Michael N., Fischer, Debra, Fressin, Francois, Geary, John, Haas, Michael R., ..., Shporer, Avi. 2012. "Transit timing observations from Kepler. IV. Confirmation of four multiple-planet systems by simple physical models." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 750 (2), pp. 114-130. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/750/2/114

Planet occurrence within 0.25AU of solar-type stars from Kepler

Howard, Andrew W., Marcy, Geoffrey W., Bryson, Stephen T., Jenkins, Jon M., Rowe, Jason F., Batalha, Natalie M., Borucki, William J., Koch, David G., Dunham, Edward W., Gautier, Thomas N., Van Cleve, Jeffrey, Cochran, William D., Latham, David W., Lissauer, Jack J., Torres, Guillermo, Brown, Timothy M., Gilliland, Ronald L., Buchhave, Lars A., Caldwell, Douglas A., ..., MacQueen, Phillip J.. 2012. "Planet occurrence within 0.25AU of solar-type stars from Kepler." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 201 (2), pp. 15-34. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/201/2/15

Transit timing observations from Kepler. VI. Potentially interesting candidate systems from fourier-based statistical tests

Steffen, Jason H., Ford, Eric B., Rowe, Jason F., Fabrycky, Daniel C., Holman, Matthew J., Welsh, William F., Batalha, Natalie M., Borucki, William J., Bryson, Steve, Caldwell, Douglas A., Ciardi, David R., Jenkins, Jon M., Kjeldsen, Hans, Koch, David G., Prsa, Andrej, Sanderfer, Dwight T., Seader, Shawn and Twicken, Joseph D.. 2012. "Transit timing observations from Kepler. VI. Potentially interesting candidate systems from fourier-based statistical tests." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 756 (2), pp. 186-190. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/756/2/186

On the relative sizes of planets within kepler multiple-candidate systems

Ciardi, David R., Fabrycky, Daniel C., Ford, Eric B., Gautier, T. N., Howell, Steve B., Lissauer, Jack J., Ragozzine, Darin and Rowe, Jason F.. 2013. "On the relative sizes of planets within kepler multiple-candidate systems." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 763 (1), pp. 41-52. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/763/1/41

A sub-Mercury-sized exoplanet

Barclay, Thomas, Rowe, Jason F., Lissauer, Jack J., Huber, Daniel, Fressin, Francois, Howell, Steve B., Bryson, Stephen T., Chaplin, William J., Desert, Jean Michel, Lopez, Eric D., Marcy, Geoffrey W., Mullally, Fergal, Ragozzine, Darin, Torres, Guillermo, Adams, Elisabeth R., Agol, Eric, Barrado, David, Basu, Sarbani, Bedding, Timothy R., ..., Thompson, Susan E.. 2013. "A sub-Mercury-sized exoplanet." Nature. 494 (7438), pp. 452-454. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11914

Confirmation of hot jupiter Kepler-41B via phase curve analysis

Quintana, Elisa V., Rowe, Jason F., Barclay, Thomas, Howell, Steve B., Ciardi, David R., Demory, Brice Olivier, Caldwell, Douglas A., Borucki, William J., Christiansen, Jessie L., Jenkins, Jon M., Klaus, Todd C., Fulton, Benjamin J., Morris, Robert L., Sanderfer, Dwight T., Shporer, Avi, Smith, Jeffrey C., Still, Martin and Thompson, Susan E.. 2013. "Confirmation of hot jupiter Kepler-41B via phase curve analysis." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 767 (2), pp. 137-145. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/767/2/137

A super-earth-sized planet orbiting in or near the habitable zone around a sun-like star

Barclay, Thomas, Burke, Christopher J., Howell, Steve B., Rowe, Jason F., Huber, Daniel, Isaacson, Howard, Jenkins, Jon M., Kolbl, Rea, Marcy, Geoffrey W., Quintana, Elisa V., Still, Martin, Twicken, Joseph D., Bryson, Stephen T., Borucki, William J., Caldwell, Douglas A., Ciardi, David, Clarke, Bruce D., Christiansen, Jessie L., Coughlin, Jeffrey L., ..., Thompson, Susan E.. 2013. "A super-earth-sized planet orbiting in or near the habitable zone around a sun-like star." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 768 (2), pp. 101-108. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/768/2/101

Masses, radii, and orbits of small Kepler planets: the transition from gaseous to rocky planets

Marcy, Geoffrey W., Isaacson, Howard, Howard, Andrew W., Rowe, Jason F., Jenkins, Jon M., Bryson, Stephen T., Latham, David W., Howell, Steve B., Gautier, Thomas N., Batalha, Natalie M., Rogers, Leslie, Ciardi, David, Fischer, Debra A., Gilliland, Ronald L., Kjeldsen, Hans, Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen, Huber, Daniel, Chaplin, William J., Basu, Sarbani, ..., Barrado, David. 2014. "Masses, radii, and orbits of small Kepler planets: the transition from gaseous to rocky planets." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 210 (2), pp. 20-89. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/210/2/20

Planetary candidates observed by Kepler IV: Planet sample from Q1-Q8 (22 months)

Burke, Christopher J., Bryson, Stephen T., Mullally, F., Rowe, Jason F., Christiansen, Jessie L., Thompson, Susan E., Coughlin, Jeffrey L., Haas, Michael R., Batalha, Natalie M., Caldwell, Douglas A., Jenkins, Jon M., Still, Martin, Barclay, Thomas, Borucki, William J., Chaplin, William J., Ciardi, David R., Clarke, Bruce D., Cochran, William D., Demory, Brice Olivier, ..., Wolfgang, Angie. 2014. "Planetary candidates observed by Kepler IV: Planet sample from Q1-Q8 (22 months)." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 210 (2), pp. 19-30. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/210/2/19

Spitzer observations of exoplanets discovered with the Kepler K2 mission

Beichman, Charles, Livingston, John, Werner, Michael, Gorjian, Varoujan, Krick, Jessica, Deck, Katherine, Knutson, Heather, Wong, Ian, Petigura, Erik, Christiansen, Jessie, Ciardi, David, Greene, Thomas P., Schlieder, Joshua E., Line, Mike, Crossfield, Ian, Howard, Andrew and Sinukoff, Evan. 2016. "Spitzer observations of exoplanets discovered with the Kepler K2 mission." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 822 (1), pp. 39-47. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/822/1/39

K2 discovers a busy bee: an unusual transiting Neptune found in the beehive cluster

Obermeier, Christian, Henning, Thomas, Schlieder, Joshua E., Crossfield, Ian J. M., Petigura, Erik A., Howard, Andrew W., Sinukoff, Evan, Isaacson, Howard, Ciardi, David R., David, Trevor J., Hillenbrand, Lynne A., Beichman, Charles A., Howell, Steve B., Horch, Elliott, Everett, Mark, Hirsch, Lea, Teske, Johanna, Christiansen, Jessie L., Lepine, Sebastien, ..., Kluge, Matthias. 2016. "K2 discovers a busy bee: an unusual transiting Neptune found in the beehive cluster." The Astronomical Journal. 152 (6), pp. 223-234. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/152/6/223

Architecture of Kepler's multi-transiting systems. II. New investigations with twice as many candidates

Fabrycky, Daniel C., Lissauer, Jack J., Ragozzine, Darin, Rowe, Jason F., Steffen, Jason H., Agol, Eric, Barclay, Thomas, Batalha, Natalie, Borucki, William, Ciardi, David R., Ford, Eric B., Gautier, Thomas N., Geary, John C., Holman, Matthew J., Jenkins, Jon M., Li, Jie, Morehead, Robert C., Morris, Robert L., Shporer, Avi, ..., Van Cleve, Jeffrey. 2014. "Architecture of Kepler's multi-transiting systems. II. New investigations with twice as many candidates." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 790 (2), pp. 146-157. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/790/2/146

The Discovery and Mass Measurement of a New Ultra-short-period Planet: K2-131b

Dai, Fei, Winn, Joshua N., Gandolfi, Davide, Wang, Sharon X., Teske, Johanna K., Burt, Jennifer, Albrecht, Simon, Barragan, Oscar, Cochran, William D., Endl, Michael, Fridlund, Malcolm, Hatzes, Artie P., Hirano, Teruyuki, Hirsch, Lea A., Johnson, Marshall C., Justesen, Anders Bo, Livingston, John, Persson, Carina M., Prieto-Arranz, Jorge, ..., Wittenmyer, Robert A.. 2017. "The Discovery and Mass Measurement of a New Ultra-short-period Planet: K2-131b." The Astronomical Journal. 154 (6), pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aa9065

Transiting circumbinary planets Kepler-34 b and Kepler-35 b

Welsh, William F., Orosz, Jerome A., Carter, Joshua A., Fabrycky, Daniel C., Ford, Eric B., Lissauer, Jack J., Prsa, Andrej, Quinn, Samuel N., Ragozzine, Darin, Short, Donald R., Torres, Guillermo, Winn, Joshua N., Doyle, Laurance R., Barclay, Thomas, Batalha, Natalie, Bloemen, Steven, Brugamyer, Erik, Buchhave, Lars A., Caldwell, Caroline, ..., Borucki, William J.. 2012. "Transiting circumbinary planets Kepler-34 b and Kepler-35 b." Nature. 481 (7382), pp. 475-479. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10768

Two Earth-sized planets orbiting Kepler-20

Fressin, Francois, Torres, Guillermo, Rowe, Jason F., Charbonneau, David, Rogers, Leslie A., Ballard, Sarah, Batalha, Natalie M., Borucki, William J., Bryson, Stephen T., Buchhave, Lars A., Ciardi, David R., Desert, Jean Michel, Dressing, Courtney D., Fabrycky, Daniel C., Ford, Eric B., Gautier, Thomas N., Henze, Christopher E., Holman, Matthew J., Howard, Andrew, ..., Uddin, Kamal. 2012. "Two Earth-sized planets orbiting Kepler-20." Nature. 482 (7384), pp. 195-198. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10780

An abundance of small exoplanets around stars with a wide range of metallicities

Buchhave, Lars A., Latham, David W., Johansen, Anders, Bizzarro, Martin, Torres, Guillermo, Rowe, Jason F., Batalha, Natalie M., Borucki, William J., Brugamyer, Erik, Caldwell, Caroline, Bryson, Stephen T., Ciardi, David R., Cochran, William D., Endl, Michael, Esquerdo, Gilbert A., Ford, Eric B., Geary, John C., Gilliland, Ronald L., Hansen, Terese, ..., Quinn, Samuel N.. 2012. "An abundance of small exoplanets around stars with a wide range of metallicities." Nature. 486 (7403), pp. 375-377. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11121

The same frequency of planets inside and outside open clusters of stars

Meibom, Soren, Torres, Guillermo, Fressin, Francois, Latham, David W., Rowe, Jason F., Ciardi, David R., Bryson, Steven T., Rogers, Leslie A., Henze, Christopher E., Janes, Kenneth, Barnes, Sydney A., Marcy, Geoffrey W., Isaacson, Howard, Fischer, Debra A., Howell, Steve B., Horch, Elliott P., Jenkins, Jon M., Schuler, Simon C. and Crepp, Justin. 2013. "The same frequency of planets inside and outside open clusters of stars." Nature. 499 (7456), pp. 55-58. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12279

Kepler constraints on planets near hot Jupiters

Steffen, Jason H., Ragozzine, Darin, Fabrycky, Daniel C., Carter, Joshua A., Ford, Eric B., Holman, Matthew J., Rowe, Jason F., Welsh, William F., Borucki, William J., Boss, Alan P., Ciardi, David R. and Quinn, Samuel N.. 2012. "Kepler constraints on planets near hot Jupiters." University of Adelaide. 109 (21), pp. 7982-7987. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1120970109

An Earth-sized planet in the habitable zone of a cool star

Quintana, Elisa V., Barclay, Thomas, Raymond, Sean N., Rowe, Jason F., Bolmont, Emeline, Caldwell, Douglas A., Howell, Steve B., Kane, Stephen R., Huber, Daniel, Crepp, Justin R., Lissauer, Jack J., Ciardi, David R., Coughlin, Jeffrey L., Everett, Mark E., Henze, Christopher E., Horch, Elliott, Isaacson, Howard, Ford, Eric B., Adams, Fred C., ..., Selsis, Franck. 2014. "An Earth-sized planet in the habitable zone of a cool star." Science. 344 (6181), pp. 277-280. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1249403

MOST light-curve analysis of the γ Doradus pulsator HR 8799, showing resonances and amplitude variations

Sodor, A., Chene, A.-N., De Cat, P., Bognar, Zs., Wright, D. J., Marois, C., Walker, G. A. H., Matthews, J. M., Kallinger, T., Rowe, J. F., Kuschnig, R., Guenther, D. B., Moffat, A. F. J., Rucinski, S. M., Sasselov, D. and Weiss, W. W.. 2014. "MOST light-curve analysis of the γ Doradus pulsator HR 8799, showing resonances and amplitude variations." Astronomy and Astrophysics: a European journal. 568, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201423976