Gliese 12 b, a temperate Earth-sized planet at 12 parsecs discovered with TESS and CHEOPS
Article
Dholakia, Shishir, Palethorpe, Larissa, Venner, Alexander, Mortier, Annelies, Wilson, Thomas G., Huang, Chelsea X., Rice, Ken, Van Eylen, Vincent, Nabbie, Emma, Cloutier, Ryan, Boschin, Walter, Ciardi, David, Delrez, Laetitia, Dransfield, Georgina, Ducrot, Elsa, Essack, Zahra, Everett, Mark E., Gillon, Michael, Hooton, Matthew J., ..., Wright, Duncan. 2024. "Gliese 12 b, a temperate Earth-sized planet at 12 parsecs discovered with TESS and CHEOPS." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 531 (1), pp. 1276-1293. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae1152
Article Title | Gliese 12 b, a temperate Earth-sized planet at 12 parsecs discovered with TESS and CHEOPS |
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ERA Journal ID | 1074 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Dholakia, Shishir, Palethorpe, Larissa, Venner, Alexander, Mortier, Annelies, Wilson, Thomas G., Huang, Chelsea X., Rice, Ken, Van Eylen, Vincent, Nabbie, Emma, Cloutier, Ryan, Boschin, Walter, Ciardi, David, Delrez, Laetitia, Dransfield, Georgina, Ducrot, Elsa, Essack, Zahra, Everett, Mark E., Gillon, Michael, Hooton, Matthew J., Kunimoto, Michelle, Latham, David W., Lopez-Morales, Mercedes, Li, Bin, Li, Fan, McDermott, Scott, Murphy, Simon J., Murray, Catriona A., Seager, Sara, Timmermans, Mathilde, Triaud, Amaury, Turner, Daisy A., Twicken, Joseph D., Vanderburg, Andrew, Wang, Su, Wittenmyer, Robert A. and Wright, Duncan |
Journal Title | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
Journal Citation | 531 (1), pp. 1276-1293 |
Number of Pages | 18 |
Year | 2024 |
Publisher | Oxford University Press |
Place of Publication | United Kingdom |
ISSN | 0035-8711 |
1365-2966 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae1152 |
Web Address (URL) | https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/531/1/1276/7679807 |
Abstract | We report on the discovery of Gliese 12 b, the nearest transiting temperate, Earth-sized planet found to date. Gliese 12 is a bright (V = 12.6 mag, K = 7.8 mag) metal-poor M4V star only 12.162 ± 0.005 pc away from the Solar system with one of the lowest stellar activity levels known for M-dwarfs. A planet candidate was detected by TESS based on only 3 transits in sectors 42, 43, and 57, with an ambiguity in the orbital period due to observational gaps. We performed follow-up transit observations with CHEOPS and ground-based photometry with MINERVA-Australis, SPECULOOS, and Purple Mountain Observatory, as well as further TESS observations in sector 70. We statistically validate Gliese 12 b as a planet with an orbital period of 12.76144 ± 0.00006 d and a radius of 1.0 ± 0.1 R?, resulting in an equilibrium temperature of ?315 K. Gliese 12 b has excellent future prospects for precise mass measurement, which may inform how planetary internal structure is affected by the stellar compositional environment. Gliese 12 b also represents one of the best targets to study whether Earth-like planets orbiting cool stars can retain their atmospheres, a crucial step to advance our understanding of habitability on Earth and across the galaxy. © 2024 The Author(s). |
Keywords | planets and satellites: detection; detection – planets and satellites: ; terrestrial planets – techniques; photometric – stars: individual; Gliese 12 – planets and satellites; individual; Gliese 12 b |
Contains Sensitive Content | Does not contain sensitive content |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 510109. Stellar astronomy and planetary systems |
Byline Affiliations | Centre for Astrophysics |
University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom | |
University College London, United Kingdom | |
University of Birmingham, United Kingdom | |
University of Warwick, United Kingdom | |
McMaster University, Canada | |
University of La Laguna, Spain | |
Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands, Spain | |
Galileo Galilei Foundation - INAF, Spain | |
NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, United States | |
University of Liege, Belgium | |
Institute of Astronomy, Belgium | |
University of Paris, France | |
University of New Mexico, United States | |
NSF's National Optical Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory (NOIRLab), United States | |
Cavendish Laboratory, United Kingdom | |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States | |
Center for Astrophysics Harvard and Smithsonian, United States | |
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China | |
Proto-Logic Consulting, United States | |
School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing | |
University of Colorado Boulder, United States |
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