The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI-1246
Article
Article Title | The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI-1246 |
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ERA Journal ID | 1048 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Turtelboom, Emma V., Weiss, Lauren M., Dressing, Courtney D., Nowak, Grzegorz, Palle, Enric, Beard, Corey, Blunt, Sarah, Brinkman, Casey L., Chontos, Ashley, Claytor, Zachary R., Dai, Fei, Dalba, Paul A., Giacalone, Steven, Gonzales, Erica J., Harada, Caleb K., Hill, Michelle L., Holcomb, Rae, Korth, Judith, Lubin, Jack, Masseron, Thomas, MacDougall, Mason G., Mayo, Andrew, Mocnik, Teo, Akana Murphy, Joseph M., Polanski, Alex, Rice, Malena, Rubenzahl, Ryan A., Scarsdale, Nicholas, Stassun, Keivan G., Tyler, Dakotah, Van Zandt, Judah, Crossfield, Ian J. M., Deeg, Hans J., Fulton, Benjamin J., Gandolfi, Davide, Howard, Andrew W., Huber, Daniel, Isaacson, H., Kane, Stephen, Lam, Kristine W. F., Luque, Rafael, Martin, Eduardo L., Morello, Giuseppe, Orell-Miquel, Jaume, Petigura, Erik A., Robertson, Paul, Roy, Aripta, Van Eylen, Vincent, Baker, David, Belinski, Alexander A., Bieryla, Allyson, Ciardi, David, Collins, Karen A., Cutting, Neil, Della-Rose, Devin J., Ellingsen, Taylor B., Furlan, Elise, Gan, Tianjun, Gnilka, Crystal L., Guerra, Pere, Howell, Steve B., Jimenez, Mary, Latham, David W., Lariviere, Maude, Lester, Kathryn V., Lillo-Box, Jorge, Luker, Lindy, Mann, Christopher R., Plavchan, Peter, Safonov, Boris S., Skinner, Brett, Strakhov, Ivan A., Wittrock, Justin, Caldwell, Douglas, Essack, Zahra, Jenkins, Jon M., Quintana, Elisa V., Ricker, George, Vanderspek, Roland, Seager, Sara and Winn, Joshua N. |
Journal Title | The Astronomical Journal |
Journal Citation | 163 (6) |
Article Number | 293 |
Number of Pages | 25 |
Year | 2022 |
Publisher | IOP Publishing |
Place of Publication | United States |
ISSN | 0004-6256 |
1538-3881 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac69e5 |
Web Address (URL) | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ac69e5 |
Abstract | Multiplanet systems are valuable arenas for investigating exoplanet architectures and comparing planetary siblings. TOI-1246 is one such system, with a moderately bright K dwarf (V = 11.6, K = 9.9) and four transiting sub-Neptunes identified by TESS with orbital periods of 4.31, 5.90, 18.66, and 37.92 days. We collected 130 radial velocity observations with Keck/HIRES and TNG/HARPS-N to measure planet masses. We refit the 14 sectors of TESS photometry to refine planet radii (2.97 ± 0.06 R⊕, 2.47 ± 0.08 R⊕, 3.46 ± 0.09 R⊕, and 3.72 ± 0.16 R⊕) and confirm the four planets. We find that TOI-1246 e is substantially more massive than the three inner planets (8.1 ± 1.1 M⊕, 8.8 ± 1.2 M⊕, 5.3 ± 1.7 M⊕, and 14.8 ± 2.3 M⊕). The two outer planets, TOI-1246 d and TOI-1246 e, lie near to the 2:1 resonance (Pe/Pd = 2.03) and exhibit transit-timing variations. TOI-1246 is one of the brightest four-planet systems, making it amenable for continued observations. It is one of only five systems with measured masses and radii for all four transiting planets. The planet densities range from 0.70 ± 0.24 to 3.21 ± 0.44 g cm−3, implying a range of bulk and atmospheric compositions. We also report a fifth planet candidate found in the RV data with a minimum mass of 25.6 ± 3.6 M⊕. This planet candidate is exterior to TOI-1246 e, with a candidate period of 93.8 days, and we discuss the implications if it is confirmed to be planetary in nature. |
Keywords | Exoplanet systems; Transit timing variation method; Transit photometry; Transits; Radial velocity; Exoplanets; Mini Neptunes ; Exoplanet astronomy |
Contains Sensitive Content | Does not contain sensitive content |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 5101. Astronomical sciences |
Byline Affiliations | University of California, United States |
University of Notre Dame, United States | |
Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands, Spain | |
University of La Laguna, Spain | |
California Institute of Technology (Caltech), United States | |
University of Hawaii, United States | |
California Institute of Technology (Caltech), United States | |
Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden | |
Gemini Observatory, United States | |
University of Kansas, United States | |
Yale University, United States | |
Vanderbilt University, United States | |
NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, United States | |
University of Turin, Italy | |
Centre for Astrophysics | |
German Aerospace Center (DLR), Germany | |
Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia, Spain | |
Spanish National Research Council, Spain | |
University of California Los Angeles, United States | |
Space Telescope Science Institute, United States | |
Johns Hopkins University, United States | |
University College London, United Kingdom | |
Austin College, United States | |
Moscow State University, Russia | |
Center for Astrophysics Harvard and Smithsonian, United States | |
United States Air Force, United States | |
George Mason University, United States | |
Tsinghua University, China | |
NASA Ames Research Center, United States | |
Albanya Observatory, Spain | |
McGill University, Canada | |
University of Montreal, Canada | |
Astrobiology Center, Spain | |
SETI Institute, United States | |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States | |
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, United States | |
Princeton University, United States |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/z02x3/the-tess-keck-survey-xi-mass-measurements-for-four-transiting-sub-neptunes-orbiting-k-dwarf-toi-1246
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