Giant Outer Transiting Exoplanet Mass (GOT 'EM) Survey. V. Two Giant Planets in Kepler-511 but Only One Ran Away
Article
Chachan, Yayaati, Dalba, Paul A., Thorngren, Daniel P., Kane, Stephen R., Isaacson, Howard, Lee, Eve J., Schwieterman, Edward, Howard, Andrew W. and Payne, Matthew J.. 2025. "Giant Outer Transiting Exoplanet Mass (GOT 'EM) Survey. V. Two Giant Planets in Kepler-511 but Only One Ran Away." The Astronomical Journal. 169 (5). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/adbe2f
Article Title | Giant Outer Transiting Exoplanet Mass (GOT 'EM) Survey. V. Two Giant Planets in Kepler-511 but Only One Ran Away |
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ERA Journal ID | 1048 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Chachan, Yayaati, Dalba, Paul A., Thorngren, Daniel P., Kane, Stephen R., Isaacson, Howard, Lee, Eve J., Schwieterman, Edward, Howard, Andrew W. and Payne, Matthew J. |
Journal Title | The Astronomical Journal |
Journal Citation | 169 (5) |
Article Number | 248 |
Number of Pages | 17 |
Year | 2025 |
Publisher | IOP Publishing |
Place of Publication | United States |
ISSN | 0004-6256 |
1538-3881 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/adbe2f |
Web Address (URL) | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/adbe2f |
Abstract | Systems hosting multiple giant planets are important laboratories for understanding planetary formation and migration processes. We present a nearly decade-long Doppler spectroscopy campaign from the HIRES instrument on the Keck-I telescope to characterize the two transiting giant planets orbiting Kepler-511 on orbits of 27 days and 297 days. The radial velocity measurements yield precise masses for both planets: 0.100-0.039+0.036 (2.6 sigma) and 0.44-0.12+0.11 (4 sigma) Jupiter masses, respectively. We use these masses to infer their bulk metallicities (i.e., metal mass fraction 0.87 +/- 0.03 and 0.22 +/- 0.04, respectively). Strikingly, both planets contain approximately 25-30 Earth masses of heavy elements but have very different amounts of hydrogen and helium. Envelope mass loss cannot account for this difference due to the relatively large orbital distance and mass of the inner planet. We conclude that the outer planet underwent runaway gas accretion while the inner planet did not. This bifurcation in accretion histories is likely a result of the accretion of gas with very different metallicities by the two planets or the late formation of the inner planet from a merger of sub-Neptunes. Kepler-511 uniquely demonstrates how giant planet formation can produce dramatically different outcomes even for planets in the same system. |
Keywords | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/adbe2f |
Contains Sensitive Content | Does not contain sensitive content |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 5101. Astronomical sciences |
Byline Affiliations | University of California Santa Cruz, United States |
McGill University, Canada | |
University of Montreal, Canada | |
Johns Hopkins University, United States | |
School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing | |
University of California Riverside, United Sates | |
Centre for Astrophysics | |
University of California Berkeley, United States | |
University of California San Diego, United States | |
California Institute of Technology (Caltech), United States | |
Center for Astrophysics Harvard and Smithsonian, United States |
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