Utilizing Photometry from Multiple Sources to Mitigate Stellar Variability in Precise Radial Velocities: A Case Study of Kepler-21
Article
Article Title | Utilizing Photometry from Multiple Sources to Mitigate Stellar Variability in Precise Radial Velocities: A Case Study of Kepler-21 |
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ERA Journal ID | 1048 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Beard, Corey, Robertson, Paul, Giovinazzi, Mark R., Akana Murphy, Joseph M., Ford, Eric B., Halverson, Samuel, Han, Te, Holcomb, Rae, Lubin, Jack, Luque, Rafael, Premnath, Pranav, Bender, Chad F., Blake, Cullen H, Gong, Qian Go, Isaacson, Howard, Kanodia, Shubham, Li, Dan, Lin, Andrea S. J, Logsdon, Sarah E., Lubar, Emily, McElwain, Michael W., Monson, Andrew, Ninan, Joe P., Rajagopal, Jayadev, Roy, Arpita, Schwab, Christian, Stefánsson, Gudmundur, Terrien, Ryan C. and Wright, Jason T. |
Journal Title | The Astronomical Journal |
Journal Citation | 168 (4) |
Article Number | 149 |
Number of Pages | 17 |
Year | 2024 |
Publisher | IOP Publishing |
Place of Publication | United States |
ISSN | 0004-6256 |
1538-3881 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad6b22 |
Web Address (URL) | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad6b22 |
Abstract | We present a new analysis of Kepler-21, the brightest (V = 8.5) Kepler system with a known transiting exoplanet, Kepler-21 b. Kepler-21 b is a radius valley planet (R = 1.6 ± 0.2R⊕) with an Earth-like composition (8.38 ± 1.62 g cm–3), though its mass and radius fall in the regime of possible "water worlds." We utilize new Keck/High-Resolution Echelle Spectrometer and WIYN/NEID radial velocity (RV) data in conjunction with Kepler and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry to perform a detailed study of activity mitigation between photometry and RVs. We additionally refine the system parameters, and we utilize Gaia astrometry to place constraints on a long-term RV trend. Our activity analysis affirms the quality of Kepler photometry for removing correlated noise from RVs, despite its temporal distance, though we reveal some cases where TESS may be superior. Using refined orbital parameters and updated composition curves, we rule out a water world scenario for Kepler-21 b, and we identify a long-period super-Jupiter planetary candidate, Kepler-21 (c). |
Keywords | Radial velocity ; Stellar activity; Gaussian Processes regression ; Transits ; Exoplanets |
Contains Sensitive Content | Does not contain sensitive content |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 5101. Astronomical sciences |
Byline Affiliations | University of California Irvine, United States |
University of Pennsylvania, United States | |
University of California Santa Cruz, United States | |
Pennsylvania State University, United States | |
California Institute of Technology (Caltech), United States | |
University of California Los Angeles, United States | |
University of Chicago, United States | |
University of Arizona, United States | |
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, United States | |
Centre for Astrophysics | |
University of California Berkeley, United States | |
Carnegie Earth and Planets Laboratory, United States | |
NSF's National Optical Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory (NOIRLab), United States | |
Aerospace Corporation, United States | |
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, India | |
Space Telescope Science Institute, United States | |
Johns Hopkins University, United States | |
Macquarie University | |
University of Amsterdam, Netherlands | |
Carleton College, United States |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/zqzw8/utilizing-photometry-from-multiple-sources-to-mitigate-stellar-variability-in-precise-radial-velocities-a-case-study-of-kepler-21
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