The TESS-Keck Survey. XVII. Precise Mass Measurements in a Young, High-multiplicity Transiting Planet System Using Radial Velocities and Transit Timing Variations
Article
Beard, Corey, Robertson, Paul, Dai, Fei, Holcomb, Rae, Lubin, Jack, Akana Murphy, Joseph M., Batalha, Natalie M., Blunt, Sarah, Crossfield, Ian, Dressing, Courtney, Fulton, Benjamin, Howard, Andrew W., Huber, Dan, Isaacson, Howard, Kane, Stephen R., Nowak, Grzegorz, Petigura, Erik A, Roy, Arpita, Rubenzahl, Ryan A., ..., Van Zandt, Judah. 2024. "The TESS-Keck Survey. XVII. Precise Mass Measurements in a Young, High-multiplicity Transiting Planet System Using Radial Velocities and Transit Timing Variations." The Astronomical Journal. 167 (2). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad1330
| Article Title | The TESS-Keck Survey. XVII. Precise Mass Measurements in a Young, High-multiplicity Transiting Planet System Using Radial Velocities and Transit Timing Variations |
|---|---|
| ERA Journal ID | 1048 |
| Article Category | Article |
| Authors | Beard, Corey, Robertson, Paul, Dai, Fei, Holcomb, Rae, Lubin, Jack, Akana Murphy, Joseph M., Batalha, Natalie M., Blunt, Sarah, Crossfield, Ian, Dressing, Courtney, Fulton, Benjamin, Howard, Andrew W., Huber, Dan, Isaacson, Howard, Kane, Stephen R., Nowak, Grzegorz, Petigura, Erik A, Roy, Arpita, Rubenzahl, Ryan A., Weiss, Lauren M., Barren, Rafael, Behmard, Aida, Brinkman, Casey L., Carleo, Ilaria, Chontos, Ashley, Dalba, Paul A., Fetherolf, Tara, Giacalone, Steven, Hill, Michelle L., Kawauchi, Kiyoe, Korth, Judith, Luque, Rafael, MacDougall, Mason G., Mayo, Andrew W., Mocnik, Teo, Morello, Giuseppe, Murgas, Felipe, Orell-Miquel, Jaume, Palle, Enric, Polanski, Alex S., Rice, Malena, Scarsdale, Nicholas, Tyler, Dakotah and Van Zandt, Judah |
| Journal Title | The Astronomical Journal |
| Journal Citation | 167 (2) |
| Article Number | 70 |
| Number of Pages | 24 |
| Year | 2024 |
| Publisher | IOP Publishing |
| Place of Publication | United States |
| ISSN | 0004-6256 |
| 1538-3881 | |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad1330 |
| Web Address (URL) | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad1330 |
| Abstract | We present a radial velocity (RV) analysis of TOI-1136, a bright Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) system with six confirmed transiting planets, and a seventh single-transiting planet candidate. All planets in the system are amenable to transmission spectroscopy, making TOI-1136 one of the best targets for intra-system comparison of exoplanet atmospheres. TOI-1136 is young (similar to 700 Myr), and the system exhibits transit timing variations (TTVs). The youth of the system contributes to high stellar variability on the order of 50 m s-1, much larger than the likely RV amplitude of any of the transiting exoplanets. Utilizing 359 High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer and Automated Planet Finder RVs collected as part of the TESS-Keck Survey, and 51 High-Accuracy Radial velocity Planetary Searcher North RVs, we experiment with a joint TTV-RV fit. With seven possible transiting planets, TTVs, more than 400 RVs, and a stellar activity model, we posit that we may be presenting the most complex mass recovery of an exoplanet system in the literature to date. By combining TTVs and RVs, we minimized Gaussian process overfitting and retrieved new masses for this system: (m b-g = 3.50-0.7+0.8 , 6.32-1.3+1.1 , 8.35-1.6+1.8 , 6.07-1.01+1.09 , 9.7-3.7+3.9 , 5.6-3.2+4.1 M circle plus). We are unable to significantly detect the mass of the seventh planet candidate in the RVs, but we are able to loosely constrain a possible orbital period near 80 days. Future TESS observations might confirm the existence of a seventh planet in the system, better constrain the masses and orbital properties of the known exoplanets, and generally shine light on this scientifically interesting system. |
| Keywords | peropd rocky planet ; Radial velocity; transits |
| Contains Sensitive Content | Does not contain sensitive content |
| ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 5101. Astronomical sciences |
| Byline Affiliations | University of California Irvine, United States |
| California Institute of Technology (Caltech), United States | |
| University of California Santa Cruz, United States | |
| University of Kansas, United States | |
| University of California Berkeley, United States | |
| NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, United States | |
| University of Hawaii, United States | |
| Academic Registrar's Office | |
| Centre for Astrophysics | |
| University of California Riverside, United Sates | |
| Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland | |
| Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands, Spain | |
| University of La Laguna, Spain | |
| University of California Los Angeles, United States | |
| Space Telescope Science Institute, United States | |
| Johns Hopkins University, United States | |
| University of Notre Dame, United States | |
| Princeton University, United States | |
| SETI Institute, United States | |
| Ritsumeikan University, Japan | |
| Lund University, Sweden | |
| University of Chicago, United States | |
| Gemini Observatory, United States | |
| Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden | |
| Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States | |
| Yale University, United States |
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