Validation of Elemental and Isotopic Abundances in Late-M Spectral Types with the Benchmark HIP 55507 AB System
Article
Xuan, Jerry W., Wang, Jason, Finnerty, Luke, Horstman, Katelyn, Grimm, Simon, Peck, Anne E., Nielsen, Eric, Knutson, Heather A., Mawet, Dimitri, Isaacson, Howard, Howard, Andrew W., Liu, Michael C., Walker, Sam, Phillips, Mark W., Blake, Geoffrey A., Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste, Zhang, Yapeng, Inglis, Julie, Wallack, Nicole L., ..., Phillips, Caprice L.. 2024. "Validation of Elemental and Isotopic Abundances in Late-M Spectral Types with the Benchmark HIP 55507 AB System." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 962 (1). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1243
| Article Title | Validation of Elemental and Isotopic Abundances in Late-M Spectral Types with the Benchmark HIP 55507 AB System |
|---|---|
| ERA Journal ID | 1057 |
| Article Category | Article |
| Authors | Xuan, Jerry W., Wang, Jason, Finnerty, Luke, Horstman, Katelyn, Grimm, Simon, Peck, Anne E., Nielsen, Eric, Knutson, Heather A., Mawet, Dimitri, Isaacson, Howard, Howard, Andrew W., Liu, Michael C., Walker, Sam, Phillips, Mark W., Blake, Geoffrey A., Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste, Zhang, Yapeng, Inglis, Julie, Wallack, Nicole L., Sanghi, Aniket, Gonzales, Erica J., Dai, Fei, Baker, Ashley, Bartos, Randall, Bond, Charlotte Z., Bryan, Marta L., Calvin, Benjamin, Cetre, Sylvain, Delorme, Jacques-Robert, Doppmann, Greg, Echeverri, Daniel, Fitzgerald, Michael P., Jovanovic, Nemanja, Liberman, Joshua, Lopez, Ronald A., Martin, Emily C., Morris, Evan, Pezzato, Jacklyn, Ruane, Garreth, Sappey, Ben, Schofield, Tobias, Skemer, Andrew, Venenciano, Taylor, Wallace, J. Kent, Wang, Ji, Wizinowich, Peter, Xin, Yinzi, Agrawal, Shubh, Do Ó, Clarissa R., Hsu, Chih-Chun and Phillips, Caprice L. |
| Journal Title | The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics |
| Journal Citation | 962 (1) |
| Article Number | 10 |
| Number of Pages | 21 |
| Year | 2024 |
| Publisher | IOP Publishing |
| Place of Publication | United States |
| ISSN | 0004-637X |
| 1538-4357 | |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1243 |
| Web Address (URL) | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1243 |
| Abstract | M dwarfs are common host stars to exoplanets but often lack atmospheric abundance measurements. Late-M dwarfs are also good analogs to the youngest substellar companions, which share similar T-eff similar to 2300-2800 K. We present atmospheric analyses for the M7.5 companion HIP 55507 B and its K6V primary star with Keck/KPIC high-resolution (R similar to 35,000) K-band spectroscopy. First, by including KPIC relative radial velocities between the primary and secondary in the orbit fit, we improve the dynamical mass precision by 60% and find M-B=88.0(-3.2)(+3.4 )M(Jup), putting HIP 55507 B above the stellar-substellar boundary. We also find that HIP 55507 B orbits its K6V primary star with a=38(-3)(+4) au and e = 0.40 +/- 0.04. From atmospheric retrievals of HIP 55507 B, we measure [C/H] = 0.24 +/- 0.13, [O/H] = 0.15 +/- 0.13, and C/O = 0.67 +/- 0.04. Moreover, we strongly detect (CO)-C-13 (7.8 sigma significance) and tentatively detect (H2O)-O-18 (3.7 sigma significance) in the companion's atmosphere and measure (CO)-C-12/(CO)-C-13=98(-22)(+28 )and (H2O)-O-16/(H2O)-O-18=240(-80)(+145) after accounting for systematic errors. From a simplified retrieval analysis of HIP 55507 A, we measure (CO)-C-12/(CO)-C-13=79(-16)(+21) and (CO)-O-16/(CO)-O-18=288(-70)(+125) for the primary star. These results demonstrate that HIP 55507 A and B have consistent C-12/C-13 and O-16/O-18 to the <1 sigma level, as expected for a chemically homogeneous binary system. Given the similar flux ratios and separations between HIP 55507 AB and systems with young substellar companions, our results open the door to systematically measuring (CO)-C-13 and (H2O)-O-18 abundances in the atmospheres of substellar or even planetary-mass companions with similar spectral types. |
| Keywords | Radial velocity; Isotopic abundances ; Stellar atmospheres; Atmospheric composition |
| Contains Sensitive Content | Does not contain sensitive content |
| ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 5101. Astronomical sciences |
| Byline Affiliations | California Institute of Technology (Caltech), United States |
| Northwestern University, United States | |
| University of California Los Angeles, United States | |
| University of Bern, Switzerland | |
| New Mexico State University, United States | |
| University of California Berkeley, United States | |
| Centre for Astrophysics | |
| University of Hawaii, United States | |
| Carnegie Institution for Science, United States | |
| University of California Santa Cruz, United States | |
| Royal Observatory Edinburgh, United Kingdom | |
| University of Toronto, Canada | |
| W. M. Keck Observatory, United States | |
| University of Arizona, United States | |
| University of California San Diego, United States | |
| Pomona College, United States | |
| Ohio State University, United States | |
| University of Pennsylvania, United States |
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