Occurrence Rate of Hot Jupiters Around Early-type M Dwarfs Based on Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite Data
Article
Gan, Tianjun, Wang, Sharon X., Wang, Songhu, Mao, Shude, Huang, Chelsea X., Collins, Karen A., Stassun, Keivan G., Shporer, Avi, Zhu, Wei, Ricker, George R., Vanderspek, Roland, Latham, David W, Seager, Sara, Winn, Joshua N., Jenkins, Jon M., Barkaoui, Khalid, Belinski, Alexander A., Ciardi, David R., Evans, Phil, ..., Zucker, Shay. 2023. "Occurrence Rate of Hot Jupiters Around Early-type M Dwarfs Based on Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite Data." The Astronomical Journal. 165 (1), p. 17. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac9b12
| Article Title | Occurrence Rate of Hot Jupiters Around Early-type M Dwarfs Based on Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite Data |
|---|---|
| ERA Journal ID | 1048 |
| Article Category | Article |
| Authors | Gan, Tianjun, Wang, Sharon X., Wang, Songhu, Mao, Shude, Huang, Chelsea X., Collins, Karen A., Stassun, Keivan G., Shporer, Avi, Zhu, Wei, Ricker, George R., Vanderspek, Roland, Latham, David W, Seager, Sara, Winn, Joshua N., Jenkins, Jon M., Barkaoui, Khalid, Belinski, Alexander A., Ciardi, David R., Evans, Phil, Girardin, Eric, Maslennikova, Nataliia A., Mazeh, Tsevi, Panahi, Aviad, Pozuelos, Francisco J., Radford, Don J., Schwarz, Richard P., Twicken, Joseph D., Wünsche, Anaël and Zucker, Shay |
| Journal Title | The Astronomical Journal |
| Journal Citation | 165 (1), p. 17 |
| Number of Pages | 17 |
| Year | 2023 |
| Publisher | IOP Publishing |
| Place of Publication | United Sates |
| ISSN | 0004-6256 |
| 1538-3881 | |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac9b12 |
| Web Address (URL) | https://iopscience.iop.org/volume/1538-3881/165 |
| Abstract | We present an estimate of the occurrence rate of hot Jupiters (7 R <SUB>⊕</SUB> ≤ R <SUB> p </SUB> ≤ 2 R <SUB>J</SUB>, 0.8 ≤ P <SUB> b </SUB> ≤ 10 days) around early-type M dwarfs based on stars observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) during its primary mission. We adopt stellar parameters from the TESS Input Catalog and construct a sample of 60,819 M dwarfs with 10.5 ≤ T <SUB>mag</SUB> ≤ 13.5, effective temperatures 2900 ≤ T <SUB>eff</SUB> ≤ 4000 K, and stellar masses 0.45 ≤ M <SUB>*</SUB> ≤ 0.65 M <SUB>⊙</SUB>. We conduct a uninformed transit search using a detection pipeline based on the box least square search and characterize the searching completeness through an injection and recovery experiment. We combine a series of vetting steps including light centroid measurement, odd/even and secondary eclipse analysis, rotation and transit period synchronization tests as well as inspecting the ground-based photometric, spectroscopic, and imaging observations. Finally, we find a total of nine planet candidates, all of which are known TESS objects of interest. We obtain an occurrence rate of 0.27% ± 0.09% for hot Jupiters around early-type M dwarfs that satisfy our selection criteria. Compared with previous studies, the occurrence rate of hot Jupiters around early-type M dwarfs is smaller than all measurements for FGK stars, although they are consistent within 1σ-2σ. There is a trend that the occurrence rate of hot Jupiters has a peak at G dwarfs and falls toward both hotter and cooler stars. Combining results from transit, radial velocity, and microlensing surveys, we find that hot Jupiters around early-type M dwarfs possibly show a steeper decrease in the occurrence rate per logarithmic semimajor axis bin ( ${dN}/d{\mathrm{log}}_{10}a$ ) when compared with FGK stars. |
| Keywords | Hot Jupiters; Exoplanet detection methods; Extrasolar gaseous giant |
| ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 510109. Stellar astronomy and planetary systems |
| Byline Affiliations | Tsinghua University, China |
| Indiana University, United States | |
| Chinese Academy of Sciences, China | |
| Centre for Astrophysics | |
| Center for Astrophysics Harvard and Smithsonian, United States | |
| Vanderbilt University, United States | |
| Fisk University, United States | |
| Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States | |
| Princeton University, United States | |
| NASA Ames Research Center, United States | |
| University of Liege, Belgium | |
| Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands, Spain | |
| Moscow State University, Russia | |
| NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, United States | |
| El Sauce Observatory, Chile | |
| Grand Pra Observatory, Switzerland | |
| Tel Aviv University, Israel | |
| Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia, Spain | |
| American Association of Variable Star Observers, United States | |
| SETI Institute, United States | |
| Observatory of Baronnies Provencales, France |
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