The Gliese 86 Binary System: A Warm Jupiter Formed in a Disk Truncated at ≈2 au
Article
Article Title | The Gliese 86 Binary System: A Warm Jupiter Formed in a Disk Truncated at ≈2 au |
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ERA Journal ID | 1048 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Zeng, Yunlin (Author), Brandt, Timothy D. (Author), Li, Gongjie (Author), Dupuy, Trent J. (Author), Li, Yiting (Author), Brandt, G. Mirek (Author), Farihi, Jay (Author), Horner, Jonathan (Author), Wittenmyer, Robert A. (Author), Butler, R. Paul. (Author), Tinney, Christopher G. (Author), Carter, Bradley D. (Author), Wright, Duncan J. (Author), Jones, Hugh R. A. (Author) and O'Toole, Simon J. (Author) |
Journal Title | The Astronomical Journal |
Journal Citation | 164 (5), pp. 1-14 |
Article Number | 188 |
Number of Pages | 14 |
Year | 2022 |
Publisher | IOP Publishing |
Place of Publication | United States |
ISSN | 0004-6256 |
1538-3881 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac8ff7 |
Web Address (URL) | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ac8ff7 |
Abstract | Gliese 86 is a nearby K dwarf hosting a giant planet on a ≍16 day orbit and an outer white dwarf companion on a ≍century-long orbit. In this study we combine radial velocity data (including new measurements spanning more than a decade) with high angular resolution imaging and absolute astrometry from Hipparcos and Gaia to measure the current orbits and masses of both companions. We then simulate the evolution of the Gl 86 system to constrain its primordial orbit when both stars were on the main sequence; the closest approach between the two stars was then about 9 au. Such a close separation limited the size of the protoplanetary disk of Gl 86 A and dynamically hindered the formation of the giant planet around it. Our measurements of Gl 86 B and Gl 86 Ab's orbits reveal Gl 86 as a system in which giant planet formation took place in a disk truncated at ≍2 au. Such a disk would be just big enough to harbor the dust mass and total mass needed to assemble Gl 86 Ab's core and envelope, assuming a high disk accretion rate and a low viscosity. Inefficient accretion of the disk onto Gl 86 Ab, however, would require a disk massive enough to approach the Toomre stability limit at its outer truncation radius. The orbital architecture of the Gl 86 system shows that giant planets can form even in severely truncated disks and provides an important benchmark for planet formation theory. |
Keywords | Protoplanetary disks; Planetary system formation; Planet formation; Stellar evolution; Close binary stars; Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics; Astrophysics - Solar; and Stellar Astrophysics |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 510109. Stellar astronomy and planetary systems |
Byline Affiliations | Georgia Institute of Technology, United States |
University of California, United States | |
University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom | |
University College London, United Kingdom | |
Centre for Astrophysics | |
Carnegie Institution of Washington, United States | |
University of New South Wales | |
University of Hertfordshire, United Kingdom | |
Macquarie University | |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q7x12/the-gliese-86-binary-system-a-warm-jupiter-formed-in-a-disk-truncated-at-2-au
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