Modelling of steel lattice tower angle legs reinforced for increased load capacity

Article

Zhuge, Yan, Mills, Julie E. and Ma, Xing. 2012. "Modelling of steel lattice tower angle legs reinforced for increased load capacity." Engineering Structures. 43, pp. 160-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.05.017
Article Title

Modelling of steel lattice tower angle legs reinforced for increased load capacity

ERA Journal ID4188
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsZhuge, Yan (Author), Mills, Julie E. (Author) and Ma, Xing (Author)
Journal TitleEngineering Structures
Journal Citation43, pp. 160-168
Number of Pages9
Year2012
PublisherElsevier
Place of PublicationOxford, United Kingdom
ISSN0141-0296
1873-7323
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.05.017
Abstract

As a result of changes in design code requirements for wind loads, increased demand for electrical power, and the growing communication industry, retrofitting of existing steel lattice towers has become an important strategy in the transmission tower industry. At present there are two main reinforcing methods that are used in practice for lattice transmission towers. The first method involves adding a number of horizontal braces (diaphragms) to the mid-length of slender, inadequately braced members along the height of the tower; while the second method is focused on strengthening the capacity of the existing legs only by retrofitting them with additional members. In this paper, the most effective leg retrofitting method has been investigated through an experimental testing program using a one-panel angle leg retrofitting model and a non-linear finite element (FEM) model. A 3D continuum element was developed to model the panels and bolted connections and the results are compared with those obtained from experiments, with good agreement. The model was then simplified using a simple locking system where a special technique was developed to simulate the bolt slip, which was found to be a critical issue from the experiments. The simplified model can then be extended to multi-panel modelling.

Keywordssteel lattice transmission tower; retrofitting; finite element modelling
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020401001. Engineering design
400510. Structural engineering
401706. Numerical modelling and mechanical characterisation
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Byline AffiliationsCentre of Excellence in Engineered Fibre Composites
University of South Australia
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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Thorpe, David and Zhuge, Yan. 2010. "Advantages and disadvantages in using permeable concrete as a pavement construction material." Egbu, Charles and Lou, Eric (ed.) ARCOM 2010: 26th Annual Conference of the Association of Researchers in Construction Management. Leeds, United Kingdom 06 - 08 Sep 2010 Reading, UK.
FRP-retrofitted URM walls under in-plane shear: review and assessment of available models
Zhuge, Y.. 2010. "FRP-retrofitted URM walls under in-plane shear: review and assessment of available models." Journal of Composites for Construction. 14 (6), pp. 743-753. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000135
Development of environmentally friendly and structural enhanced permeable concrete pavement material
Zhuge, Yan and Lian, Chunqi. 2009. "Development of environmentally friendly and structural enhanced permeable concrete pavement material." Thorpe, David, Zhuge, Yan and Rogers-Clark, Peter (ed.) 2009 Southern Region Engineering Conference (SREC 2009). Springfield, Australia 17 - 18 Oct 2009 Brisbane, Australia.
Modelling pervious concrete under compression loading: a discrete element approach
Lian, C., Zhuge, Y. and Beecham, S.. 2011. "Modelling pervious concrete under compression loading: a discrete element approach." Advanced Materials Research. 168-170, pp. 1590-1600. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.168-170.1590
Optimum mix design of enhanced permeable concrete: an experimental investigation
Lian, C. and Zhuge, Y.. 2010. "Optimum mix design of enhanced permeable concrete: an experimental investigation." Construction and Building Materials. 24 (12), pp. 2664-2671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.04.057
Investigation of the effect of aggregate on the performance of permeable concrete
Lian, Chunqi and Zhuge, Yan. 2009. "Investigation of the effect of aggregate on the performance of permeable concrete." Ghafoori, Nader (ed.) Challenges, opportunities, and solutions in structural engineering and construction. Leiden, Netherlands. Taylor & Francis (CRC Press) / Balkema. pp. 505-510
Investigation of frequency characteristics of GFRP/phenolic sandwich beams
Awad, Ziad K., Aravinthan, Thiru, Zhuge, Yan and Gonzalez, Felipe. 2010. "Investigation of frequency characteristics of GFRP/phenolic sandwich beams." Goh, Steven C. and Wang, Hao (ed.) 2010 Southern Region Engineering Conference (SREC 2010). Toowoomba, Australia 11 - 12 Nov 2010 Toowoomba, Australia.
Cost optimum design of structural fibre composite sandwich panel for flooring applications
Awad, Ziad K., Aravinthan, Thiru and Zhuge, Yan. 2011. "Cost optimum design of structural fibre composite sandwich panel for flooring applications." Ye, Lieping, Feng, Peng and Yue, Qingrui (ed.) 5th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering (CICE 2010). Beijing, China 27 - 29 Sep 2010 Beijing, China.
Modelling of URM walls retrofitted with cable: a comparison between a basic mechanical model and distinct element method
Zhuge, Yan and Chuang, Shihwei. 2006. "Modelling of URM walls retrofitted with cable: a comparison between a basic mechanical model and distinct element method." Transactions of the Tianjin University. 12 (Supplement), pp. 171-176.
Distinct element modelling of unreinforced masonry wall under seismic loads with and without cable retrofitting
Zhuge, Yan. 2008. "Distinct element modelling of unreinforced masonry wall under seismic loads with and without cable retrofitting." Transactions of the Tianjin University. 14 (Supplement), pp. 471-475. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12209-008-0080-0
Numerical simulation of masonry shear panels with distinct element approach
Zhuge, Yan and Hunt, Suzanne P.. 2003. "Numerical simulation of masonry shear panels with distinct element approach ." Structural Engineering and Mechanics. 15 (4), pp. 477-493.
Experimental capacity assessment of cold-formed boxed stud and C stud wall systems used in Australian residential construction
Pham, Maria M., Mills, Julie E. and Zhuge, Yan. 2006. "Experimental capacity assessment of cold-formed boxed stud and C stud wall systems used in Australian residential construction." Journal of Structural Engineering. 132 (4), pp. 631-635. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2006)132:4(631)
Seismic retrofitting of unreinforced masonry buildings - a literature review
Zhuge, Y. and Chuang, S. W.. 2005. "Seismic retrofitting of unreinforced masonry buildings - a literature review." Australian Journal of Structural Engineering. 6 (1), pp. 25-36.
Finite element analysis of fibre composite sandwich panel
Awad, Ziad K., Aravinthan, Thiru and Zhuge, Yan. 2009. "Finite element analysis of fibre composite sandwich panel." Thorpe, David, Zhuge, Yan and Rogers-Clark, Peter (ed.) 2009 Southern Region Engineering Conference (SREC 2009). Springfield, Australia 17 - 18 Oct 2009 Brisbane, Australia.