Efficacy of woody biomass and biochar for alleviating heavy metal bioavailability in serpentine soil

Article


Bandara, Tharanga, Herath, Indika, Kumarathilaka, Prasanna, Hseu, Zeng-Yei, Ok, Yong Sik and Vithanage, Meththika. 2017. "Efficacy of woody biomass and biochar for alleviating heavy metal bioavailability in serpentine soil." Environmental Geochemistry and Health: official journal of the Society for Environmental Geochemistry and Health. 39 (2), pp. 391-401. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-016-9842-0
Article Title

Efficacy of woody biomass and biochar for alleviating heavy metal bioavailability in serpentine soil

ERA Journal ID36373
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsBandara, Tharanga, Herath, Indika, Kumarathilaka, Prasanna, Hseu, Zeng-Yei, Ok, Yong Sik and Vithanage, Meththika
Journal TitleEnvironmental Geochemistry and Health: official journal of the Society for Environmental Geochemistry and Health
Journal Citation39 (2), pp. 391-401
Number of Pages11
Year2017
PublisherSpringer
Place of PublicationNetherlands
ISSN0269-4042
1573-2983
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-016-9842-0
Web Address (URL)https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10653-016-9842-0
Abstract

Crops grown in metal-rich serpentine soils are vulnerable to phytotoxicity. In this study, Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) biomass and woody biochar were examined as amendments on heavy metal immobilization in a serpentine soil. Woody biochar was produced by slow pyrolysis of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) biomass at 300 and 500 °C. A pot experiment was conducted for 6 weeks with tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) at biochar application rates of 0, 22, 55 and 110 t ha−1. The CaCl2 and sequential extractions were adopted to assess metal bioavailability and fractionation. Six weeks after germination, plants cultivated on the control could not survive, while all the plants were grown normally on the soils amended with biochars. The most effective treatment for metal immobilization was BC500-110 as indicated by the immobilization efficiencies for Ni, Mn and Cr that were 68, 92 and 42 %, respectively, compared to the control. Biochar produced at 500 °C and at high application rates immobilized heavy metals significantly. Improvements in plant growth in biochar-amended soil were related to decreasing in metal toxicity as a consequence of metal immobilization through strong sorption due to high surface area and functional groups.

KeywordsBlack carbon; Ca/Mg ratio; Charcoal; Chemical stabilization; Soil amendment
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Byline AffiliationsNational Institute of Fundamental Studies, Sri Lanka
National Central University, Taiwan
Kangwon National University, Korea
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