Biosolids Enhance Mine Site Rehabilitation and Revegetation

Edited book (chapter)


Wijesekara, H., Bolan, N. S., Kumarathilaka, P., Geekiyanage, N., Kunhikrishnan, A., Seshadri, B., Saint, C., Surapaneni, A. and Vithanage, M.. 2016. "Biosolids Enhance Mine Site Rehabilitation and Revegetation." Prasad, M. N. V. and Shih, Kaimin (ed.) Environmental Materials and Waste: Resource Recovery and Pollution Prevention. Netherlands. Elsevier. pp. 45-71
Chapter Title

Biosolids Enhance Mine Site Rehabilitation and Revegetation

Book Chapter CategoryEdited book (chapter)
ERA Publisher ID1821
Book TitleEnvironmental Materials and Waste: Resource Recovery and Pollution Prevention
AuthorsWijesekara, H., Bolan, N. S., Kumarathilaka, P., Geekiyanage, N., Kunhikrishnan, A., Seshadri, B., Saint, C., Surapaneni, A. and Vithanage, M.
EditorsPrasad, M. N. V. and Shih, Kaimin
Page Range45-71
Chapter Number3
Number of Pages28
Year2016
PublisherElsevier
Place of PublicationNetherlands
ISBN9780128039069
9780128038376
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803837-6.00003-2
Web Address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128038376000032
Abstract

Globally, around 10×107tonsyear-1 of biosolids is generated from wastewater treatment facilities. Biosolids contain significant amounts of organic matters and nutrients. Therefore, biosolids can be used to improve infertile and degraded soils in certain mine sites. Shortfalls in topsoil, heavy metal-rich tailings and drainage, residual soils with poor physical properties, and low-organic matter soils are common consequences of degraded mine soils. These issues adversely affect soil health including microbial activity, flora, and fauna, thereby hindering reestablishment of the lost ecological integrity.Rehabilitation has been achieved in a number of mine sites by incorporating biosolids, which demonstrated sustainable remediation of these sites. Improvements in the biological, chemical, and physical properties of degraded lands are associated with these rehabilitation cases. Furthermore, these improvements enhance the nutrient cycling, water purification, and restoration of plants and increase the recreational value of the land, thereby helping in the emergence of novel ecosystems.This chapter describes the composition of different types of biosolids and their generation, benefits, and current regulations for use, particularly regarding mine site rehabilitation and environmental contamination issues including human health concerns. Finally, challenges and future research needs are identified in terms of the minimization of environmental complications and sustainable use of biosolids.

KeywordsBiosolids; Degraded lands; Mine site rehabilitation; Mine spoils; Mining
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FunderAustralian Research Council
Byline AffiliationsUniversity of Newcastle
National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Sri Lanka
Kyoto University, Japan
Rajarata University, Sri Lanka
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Korea
University of South Australia
South East Water, Victoria
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