Different TiO2 Phases (Degussa/Anatase) Modified Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite for the Removal of Reactive Red 4 Dye: Box–Behnken Design
Article
Article Title | Different TiO2 Phases (Degussa/Anatase) Modified Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite for the Removal of Reactive Red 4 Dye: Box–Behnken Design |
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ERA Journal ID | 40842 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Abdulhameed, Ahmed Saud, Jawad, Ali H., Vigneshwaran, Sivakumar, ALOthman, Zeid A. and Yaseen, Zaher Mundher Yaseen |
Journal Title | Journal of Polymers and the Environment |
Journal Citation | 30 (12), pp. 5084-5099 |
Number of Pages | 16 |
Year | 2022 |
Publisher | Springer |
Place of Publication | United States |
ISSN | 1566-2543 |
1572-8900 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-022-02568-1 |
Web Address (URL) | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10924-022-02568-1 |
Abstract | The present work targets to develop the cross-linked chitosan composite with different TiO2 phases (Degussa/Anatase) to attain two adsorbents namely cross-linked chitosan-epichlorohydrin/TiO2-Degussa (CS-ECH/TiO2-D) and cross-linked chitosan-epichlorohydrin/TiO2-Anatase (CS-ECH/TiO2-A). The physicochemical characteristics including crystalline nature, specific surface area, functional groups, surface morphology, and thermal stability of the prepared composites were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and thermogravimetric and derivative thermogravimetric analyses (TGA-DTG), respectively. Response surface methodology combined with Box–Behnken design (RSM-BBD) was used to explore multivariate modeling and optimization of reactive red 4 (RR4) dye removal on CS-ECH/TiO2-D and CS-ECH/TiO2-A based on the related factors including A: adsorbent dose (0.5–1.5 g/100 mL), B: pH (4–10), and C: time (30–90 min). RR4 dye removal was 94.6 and 87.5% for CS-ECH/TiO2-D and CS-ECH/TiO2-A, respectively. The adsorption of RR4 molecules on the surface of CS-ECH/TiO2-(D/A) was constructed by many interactions e.g. electrostatic forces, n−π stacking, and H-bonding. The findings revealed that the biomaterials developed could be viable and convenient potential adsorbents for capturing azo dyes from polluted effluents. |
Keywords | Reactive red 4 dye ; Adsorption mechanism; Chitosan ; TiO2; Box–Behnken design |
Public Notes | File reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher/author. |
Byline Affiliations | Al-Mansour University College, Iraq |
University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Iraq | |
MARA University of Technology, Malaysia | |
Kyung Hee University, Korea | |
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia | |
School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing | |
Al-Ayen University, Iraq |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/z017w/different-tio2-phases-degussa-anatase-modified-cross-linked-chitosan-composite-for-the-removal-of-reactive-red-4-dye-box-behnken-design
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