Mental health in children conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs): Insights from a longitudinal study of Australian children

Article

Islam, Md. Irteja, Chaffey, Oscar A., Chadwick, Verity and Martiniuk, Alexandra. 2024. "Mental health in children conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs): Insights from a longitudinal study of Australian children." PLoS One. 19 (6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304213
Article Title

Mental health in children conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs): Insights from a longitudinal study of Australian children

ERA Journal ID39745
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsIslam, Md. Irteja, Chaffey, Oscar A., Chadwick, Verity and Martiniuk, Alexandra
Journal TitlePLoS One
Journal Citation19 (6)
Article Numbere0304213
Number of Pages14
Year2024
PublisherPublic Library of Science (PLoS)
Place of PublicationUnited States
ISSN1932-6203
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304213
Web Address (URL)https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0304213
Abstract

Background
The mental health of children conceived using Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) such as In-Vitro-Fertilization (IVF) is a subject of significant controversy. Existing studies suggest children conceived through ART meet physical and cognitive developmental milestones at similar rates to their spontaneously conceived peers, however, a significant number of studies have connected ART conception with mental health conditions, particularly depression and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescence. This study, therefore, aimed to determine whether maternal use of ARTs to achieve pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of mental disorders in these children, and whether these effects are sex-dependent or confounded by known covariates in the ART population.

Methods
Secondary data analysis was performed using Growing Up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) data; a nationally representative population-based cross-sequential cohort study. Multivariate logistic regression models examined the impact of ART (including IVF and other fertility drugs, from LSAC wave-1 and wave-2 conducted in 2004 and 2006, respectively) on mental health outcomes (i.e., autism, ADHD, anxiety and/or depression, from LSAC waves 8 conducted in 2018) in Australian adolescents aged 18–19 years in 2018 (n = 1735). Known sociological and obstetric covariates including maternal age, birth weight, smoking and drinking alcohol during pregnancy, maternal gestational diabetes, postnatal depression, hypertension, and socioeconomic status were considered to generate an adjusted logistic model. Variables with a p-value of <0.05 in the regression models were considered statistically significant.

Results
Of the 1735 mother-child dyads analysed, the maternal mean age was 35.6 years (Standard deviation = ±4.75), approximately 5% of mothers (n = 89) used ART to become pregnant, and 22% of adolescents (n = 384) had a mental disorder. Longitudinal analysis revealed no relationship between ART and children developing a mental disorder in the LSAC population.

Conclusion
These results should reassure parents considering ART that there is no increased risk of psychological or neurodevelopmental problems in their ART conceived offspring.

KeywordsMental health; children; Assisted Reproductive Technologies
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020420313. Mental health services
Byline AffiliationsCentre for Health Research
University of Sydney
Research, Innovation and Grants, Spreeha Bangladesh, Bangladesh
Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Australia
George Institute for Global Health, Australia
University of Toronto, Canada
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