A critical analysis of osmotic and ionic effects of salinity in two barley cultivars

Paper


Tavakkoli, Ehsan, Rengasamy, Pichu and McDonald, Glenn. 2008. "A critical analysis of osmotic and ionic effects of salinity in two barley cultivars." Unkovich, M. (ed.) 14th Australian Agronomy Conference: Global Issues. Paddock Action. Adelaide, Australia 21 - 25 Sep 2008 Gosford, NSW, Australia.
Paper/Presentation Title

A critical analysis of osmotic and ionic effects of salinity in two barley cultivars

Presentation TypePaper
AuthorsTavakkoli, Ehsan (Author), Rengasamy, Pichu (Author) and McDonald, Glenn (Author)
EditorsUnkovich, M.
Journal or Proceedings TitleProceedings of the 14th Australian Agronomy Conference: Global Issues. Paddock Action
Number of Pages4
Year2008
Place of PublicationGosford, NSW, Australia
ISBN9781920842345
Web Address (URL) of Paperhttp://www.regional.org.au/au/asa/2008/concurrent/crop-growth/5703_tavakkolie.htm
Conference/Event14th Australian Agronomy Conference: Global Issues. Paddock Action
Event Details
14th Australian Agronomy Conference: Global Issues. Paddock Action
Event Date
21 to end of 25 Sep 2008
Event Location
Adelaide, Australia
Abstract

Salinity is an important constraint to crop productivity in many agricultural areas, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Despite intensive research on plant physiological responses to salinity, the relative importance of ion excess and water deficit to yield reduction under field condition remains unclear. This may be further complicated in soil-grown plants where the effect of soil physical properties may interact with the soil solution to determine the soil water potential and water uptake. A factorial experiment comprising different concentrations of NaCl, CaCl2 and concentrated nutrient solution was conducted using two varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare) in a completely randomised design with six replicates. Addition of NaCl or CaCl2 strongly inhibited plant growth by up to 60%, but there was no significant difference between the effects of NaCl and CaCl2.The concentrated nutrient solution also reduced the growth of the plants. The Na+ concentration of plant tissues increased with soil EC, but Clipper accumulated less Na+ than Sahara. Dry matter production of both cultivars declined as tissue Na+ increased with Clipper being less tolerant to high Na+ than Sahara. Photosynthesis rate declined as soil EC increased, but there was no significant difference in the responses to NaCl, CaCl2 or to concentrated nutrient solution. In conclusion, growth of the barley was reduced by salinity primarily due to an osmotic stress following by excess ionic toxicities over the time. Sahara was more tolerant to induced salinity at all levels than Clipper. Na+ exclusion did not always reflect salt tolerance. Osmotic stress is the predominant limiting factor in terms of plant growth.

Keywordssodium toxicity; chloride toxicity; nutrient solution; salt tolerance
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020370104. Atmospheric composition, chemistry and processes
300404. Crop and pasture biochemistry and physiology
310804. Plant developmental and reproductive biology
Public Notes

Copyright © 2008 Australian Society of Agronomy.
This publication may be of assistance but the publisher, editors and authors do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaim all liability for any error, loss or other consequence, which may arise from your relying on any information in this publication.

Byline AffiliationsUniversity of Adelaide
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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