Influence of organic matter, clay mineralogy, and pH on the effects of CROSS on soil structure is related to the zeta potential of the dispersed clay

Article

Marchuk, Alla, Rengasamy, Pichu and McNeill, Ann. 2013. "Influence of organic matter, clay mineralogy, and pH on the effects of CROSS on soil structure is related to the zeta potential of the dispersed clay." Soil Research. 51 (1), pp. 34-40. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR13012
Article Title

Influence of organic matter, clay mineralogy, and pH on the effects of CROSS on soil structure is related to the zeta potential of the dispersed clay

ERA Journal ID5248
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsMarchuk, Alla (Author), Rengasamy, Pichu (Author) and McNeill, Ann (Author)
Journal TitleSoil Research
Journal Citation51 (1), pp. 34-40
Number of Pages7
Year2013
PublisherCSIRO Publishing
Place of PublicationMelbourne, Australia
ISSN0004-9573
1446-568X
1838-675X
1838-6768
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1071/SR13012
Abstract

The high proportion of adsorbed monovalent cations in soils in relation to divalent cations affects soil structural stability in salt-affected soils. Cationic effects on soil structure depend on the ionic strength of the soil solution. The relationships between CROSS (cation ratio of soil structural stability) and the threshold electrolyte concentration (TEC) required for the prevention of soil structural problems vary widely for individual soils even within a soil class, usually attributed to variations in clay mineralogy, organic matter, and pH. The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that clay dispersion influenced by CROSS values depends on the unique association of soil components, including clay and organic matter, in each soil affecting the net charge available for clay-water interactions. Experiments using four soils differing in clay mineralogy and organic carbon showed that clay dispersion at comparable CROSS values depended on the net charge (measured as negative zeta potential) of dispersed clays rather than the charge attributed to the clay mineralogy and/or organic matter. The effect of pH on clay dispersion was also dependent on its influence on the net charge. Treating the soils with NaOH dissolved the organic carbon and increased the pH, thereby increasing the negative zeta potential and, hence, clay dispersion. Treatment with calgon (sodium hexametaphosphate) did not dissolve organic carbon significantly or increase the pH. However, the attachment of hexametaphosphate with six charges on each molecule greatly increased the negative zeta potential and clay dispersion. A high correlation (R2=0.72) was obtained between the relative clay content and relative zeta potential of all soils with different treatments, confirming the hypothesis that clay dispersion due to adsorbed cations depends on the net charge available for clay-water interactions. The distinctive way in which clay minerals and organic matter are associated and the changes in soil chemistry affecting the net charge cause the CROSS-TEC relationship to be unique for each soil.

Keywordscation ratio; soil structural stability; SAR; turbidity
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020340399. Macromolecular and materials chemistry not elsewhere classified
410605. Soil physics
410601. Land capability and soil productivity
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Byline AffiliationsUniversity of Adelaide
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q2966/influence-of-organic-matter-clay-mineralogy-and-ph-on-the-effects-of-cross-on-soil-structure-is-related-to-the-zeta-potential-of-the-dispersed-clay

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