Temporal changes in precipitation and temperature and their implications on the streamflow of Rosi River, Central Nepal

Article


Dahal, Ngamindra, Shrestha, Uttam Babu, Tuitui, Anita and Ojha, Hement Raj. 2019. "Temporal changes in precipitation and temperature and their implications on the streamflow of Rosi River, Central Nepal." Climate. 7 (1), pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli7010003
Article Title

Temporal changes in precipitation and temperature and their implications on the streamflow of Rosi River, Central Nepal

ERA Journal ID212079
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsDahal, Ngamindra (Author), Shrestha, Uttam Babu (Author), Tuitui, Anita (Author) and Ojha, Hement Raj (Author)
Journal TitleClimate
Journal Citation7 (1), pp. 1-15
Article Number3
Number of Pages15
Year2019
PublisherMDPI AG
Place of PublicationSwitzerland
ISSN2225-1154
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/cli7010003
Web Address (URL)https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/7/1/3
Abstract

Nepal has experienced recent changes in two crucial climatic variables: temperature and precipitation. Therefore, climate-induced water security concerns have now become more pronounced in Nepal as changes in temperature and precipitation have already altered some hydrological processes such as the river runoff in some river systems. However, the linkage between precipitation patterns and streamflow characteristics are poorly understood, especially in small rivers. We analysed the temporal trends of temperature, precipitation, and extreme indices of wet and dry spells in the Rosi watershed in Central Nepal, and observed the temporal patterns of the streamflow of the Rosi river. We also examined the linkages between the average and extreme climate indices and streamflow. We found that the area has warmed up by an average of 0.03 °C/year, and has seen a significant decline in precipitation. The dry spell as represented by the maximum length of the dry spell (CDD) and the magnitude of dryness (AII) has become more pronounced, while the wet spell as represented by the number of heavy rainfall days (R5D) and the precipitation intensity on wet days (SDII) has diminished significantly. Our analysis shows that recent changes in precipitation patterns have affected the streamflow of the Rosi river, as manifested in the observed decline in annual and seasonal streamflows. The decrease in the availability of water in the river is likely to have severe consequences for water security in the area

KeywordsHimalaya; streamflow; extreme rainfall; watershed
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020370201. Climate change processes
419999. Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
Byline AffiliationsSouth Asia Institute of Advanced Studies, Nepal
Institute for Agriculture and the Environment
Tribhuvan University, Nepal
University of Canberra
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