Polarization due to rotational distortion in the bright star Regulus
Letter
Cotton, Daniel V., Bailey, Jeremy, Howarth, Ian D., Bott, Kimberly, Kedziora-Chudczer, Lucyna, Lucas, P. W. and Hough, J. H.. 2017. "Polarization due to rotational distortion in the bright star Regulus." Nature Astronomy. 1 (10), pp. 690-696. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-017-0238-6
| Article Title | Polarization due to rotational distortion in the bright star Regulus |
|---|---|
| ERA Journal ID | 213748 |
| Article Category | Letter |
| Authors | Cotton, Daniel V., Bailey, Jeremy, Howarth, Ian D., Bott, Kimberly, Kedziora-Chudczer, Lucyna, Lucas, P. W. and Hough, J. H. |
| Journal Title | Nature Astronomy |
| Journal Citation | 1 (10), pp. 690-696 |
| Number of Pages | 7 |
| Year | 2017 |
| Publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| Place of Publication | United Kingdom |
| ISSN | 2397-3366 |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-017-0238-6 |
| Web Address (URL) | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-017-0238-6 |
| Abstract | Polarization in stars was first predicted by Chandrasekhar 1, who calculated a substantial linear polarization at the stellar limb for a pure electron-scattering atmosphere. This polarization will average to zero when integrated over a spherical star but could be detected if the symmetry was broken, for example, by the eclipse of a binary companion. Nearly 50 years ago, Harrington and Collins 2 modelled another way of breaking the symmetry and producing net polarization-the distortion of a rapidly rotating hot star. Here we report the first detection of this effect. Observations of the linear polarization of Regulus, with two different high-precision polarimeters, range from +42 ppm at a wavelength of 741 nm to-22 ppm at 395 nm. The reversal from red to blue is a distinctive feature of rotation-induced polarization. Using a new set of models for the polarization of rapidly rotating stars, we find that Regulus is rotating at 96.5-0.8+0.6% 96. 5-0.8 + 0.6 % of its critical angular velocity for break-up, and has an inclination greater than 76.5°. The rotation axis of the star is at a position angle of 79.5 ± 0.7°. The conclusions are independent of, but in good agreement with, the results of previously published interferometric observations of Regulus 3. The accurate measurement of rotation in early-type stars is important for understanding their stellar environments 4 and the course of their evolution 5. |
| Keywords | wavelength dependence; linear-polarization; intrinsic polarization; echelle spectograph; model; polarimeter; radiation |
| ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 5101. Astronomical sciences |
| Public Notes | Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
| Funder | Australian Research Council |
| Byline Affiliations | University of New South Wales |
| University College London, United Kingdom | |
| Virtual Planetary Laboratory, United States | |
| University of Washington, United States | |
| University of Hertfordshire, United Kingdom |
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Wittenmyer, Robert A., Tan, Xianyu, Lee, Manhoi, Horner, Jonathan, Tinney, C. G., Butler, R. P., Salter, G. S., Carter, B. D., Jones, H. R. A., O'Toole, S. J., Bailey, J., Wright, D., Crane, J. D., Schectman, S. A., Arriagada, P., Thompson, I., Minniti, D. and Diaz, M.. 2014. "A detailed analysis of the HD 73526 2:1 resonant planetary system." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 780 (2), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/780/2/140GJ 832c: a super-earth in the habitable zone
Wittenmyer, Robert A., Tuomi, Mikko, Butler, R. P., Jones, H. R. A., Anglada-Escude, Guillem, Horner, Jonathan, Tinney, C. G., Marshall, J. P., Carter, B. D., Bailey, J., Salter, G. S., O'Toole, S. J., Wright, D., Crane, J. D., Schectman, S. A., Arriagada, P., Thompson, I., Minniti, D., Jenkins, J. S. and Diaz, M.. 2014. "GJ 832c: a super-earth in the habitable zone." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 791 (2). https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/114The Anglo-Australian planet search. XXIII. Two new Jupiter analogs
Wittenmyer, Robert A., Horner, Jonathan, Tinney, C. G., Butler, R. P., Jones, H. R. A., Tuomi, Mikko, Salter, G. S., Carter, B. D., Koch, F. Elliott, O'Toole, S. J., Bailey, J. and Wright, D.. 2014. "The Anglo-Australian planet search. XXIII. Two new Jupiter analogs." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 783 (2), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/783/2/103A high-sensitivity polarimeter using a ferro-electric liquid crystal modulator
Bailey, Jeremy, Kedziora-Chudczer, Lucyna, Cotton, Daniel V., Bott, Kimberly, Hough, J. H. and Lucas, P. W.. 2015. "A high-sensitivity polarimeter using a ferro-electric liquid crystal modulator." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 449 (3), pp. 3064-3073. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv519Real poly(p-phenylene vinylene) features from near-field scanning optical lithography and the implications for further modelling
Cotton, Daniel V., Fell, Christopher J., Belcher, Warwick J. and Dastoor, Paul C.. 2015. "Real poly(p-phenylene vinylene) features from near-field scanning optical lithography and the implications for further modelling." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 48 (32), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/48/32/325101Secondary eclipse observations for seven hot-Jupiters from the Anglo-Australian Telescope
Zhou, G., Bayliss, D. D. R., Kedziora-Chudczer, L., Tinney, C. G., Bailey, J., Salter, G. and Rodriguez, J.. 2015. "Secondary eclipse observations for seven hot-Jupiters from the Anglo-Australian Telescope." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 454 (3), pp. 3002-3019. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv2138Signals embedded in the radial velocity noise: periodic variations in the tau Ceti velocities
Tuomi, M., Jones, H. R. A., Jenkins, J. S., Tinney, C. G., Butler, R. P., Vogt, S. S, Barnes, J. R., Wittenmyer, R. A., O'Toole, S. J., Horner, J., Bailey, J., Carter, B. D., Wright, D. J., Salter, G. S. and Pinfield, D.. 2013. "Signals embedded in the radial velocity noise: periodic variations in the tau Ceti velocities." Astronomy and Astrophysics: a European journal. 551 (A79), pp. 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201220509Forever alone? Testing single eccentric planetary systems for multiple companions
Wittenmyer, Robert A., Wang, Songhu, Horner, Jonathan, Tinney, C. G., Butler, R. P., Jones, H. R. A., O'Toole, S. J., Bailey, J., Carter, B. D., Salter, G. S., Wright, D. and Zhou, Ji-Lin. 2013. "Forever alone? Testing single eccentric planetary systems for multiple companions." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 208 (1), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/208/1/2Atmospheric modelling for the removal of telluric features from infrared planetary spectra
Cotton, Daniel V., Bailey, Jeremy and Kedziora-Chudczer, Lucyna. 2014. "Atmospheric modelling for the removal of telluric features from infrared planetary spectra." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 439 (1), pp. 387-399. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt2465Observing strategies for the detection of Jupiter analogs
Wittenmyer, Robert A., Tinney, C. G., Horner, J., Butler, R. P., Jones, H. R. A., O'Toole, S. J., Bailey, J., Carter, B. D., Salter, G. S. and Wright, D.. 2013. "Observing strategies for the detection of Jupiter analogs." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 125 (926), pp. 351-356. https://doi.org/10.1086/670680Examining the Broadband Emission Spectrum of WASP-19b: A New z-band Eclipse Detection
Zhou, George, Kedziora-Chudczer, Lucyna, Bayliss, Daniel D. R. and Bailey, Jeremy. 2013. "Examining the Broadband Emission Spectrum of WASP-19b: A New z-band Eclipse Detection." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 774 (2), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/774/2/118The Anglo-Australian planet search. XXII. Two new multi-planet systems
Wittenmyer, Robert A., Horner, J., Tuomi, Mikko, Salter, G. S., Tinney, C. G., Butler, R. P., Jones, H. R. A., O'Toole, S. J., Bailey, J., Carter, B. D., Jenkins, J. S., Zhang, Z., Vogt, S. S. and Rivera, Eugenio J.. 2012. "The Anglo-Australian planet search. XXII. Two new multi-planet systems." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 753 (2), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/169A planetary system around the nearby M dwarf GJ 667C with at least one super-earth in its habitable zone
Anglada-Escude, Guillem, Arriagada, Pamela, Vogt, Steven S., Rivera, Eugenio J., Butler, R. Paul, Crane, Jeffrey D., Shectman, Stephen A., Thompson, Ian B., Minniti, Dante, Haghighipour, Nader, Carter, Brad D., Tinney, C. G., Wittenmyer, Robert A., Bailey, Jeremy A., O'Toole, Simon J., Jones, Hugh R. A. and Jenkins, James S.. 2012. "A planetary system around the nearby M dwarf GJ 667C with at least one super-earth in its habitable zone." The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 751 (1). https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/751/1/L16The Anglo-Australian planet search. XX. A solitary ice-giant planet orbiting HD 102365
Tinney, C. G., Butler, R. Paul, Jones, Hugh R. A., Wittenmyer, Robert A., O'Toole, Simon, Bailey, Jeremy and Carter, Brad D.. 2011. "The Anglo-Australian planet search. XX. A solitary ice-giant planet orbiting HD 102365." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 727 (2), p. 103. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/727/2/103The Anglo-Australian planet search. XXI. A gas-giant planet in a one year orbit and the habitability of gas-giant satellites
Tinney, C. G., Wittenmyer, Robert A., Butler, R. Paul, Jones, Hugh R. A., O'Toole, Simon J., Bailey, Jeremy A., Carter, Brad D. and Horner, J.. 2011. "The Anglo-Australian planet search. XXI. A gas-giant planet in a one year orbit and the habitability of gas-giant satellites." The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 732 (1), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/732/1/31On the frequency of Jupiter analogs
Wittenmyer, Robert A., Tinney, C. G., O'Toole, Simon J., Jones, H. R. A., Butler, R. P., Carter, B. D. and Bailey, J.. 2011. "On the frequency of Jupiter analogs." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 727 (2), pp. 102:1-102:16. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/727/2/102The frequency of low-mass exoplanets III: toward η⊕ at short periods
Wittenmyer, Robert A., Tinney, C. G., Butler, R. P., O'Toole, Simon J., Jones, H. R. A., Carter, B. D., Bailey, J. and Horner, J.. 2011. "The frequency of low-mass exoplanets III: toward η⊕ at short periods." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 738 (1), pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/738/1/81A Jupiter-like planet orbiting the nearby M dwarf GJ 832
Bailey, Jeremy, Butler, R. Paul, Tinney, C. G., Jones, Hugh R. A., O'Toole, Simon, Carter, Brad D. and Marcy, Geoffrey W.. 2009. "A Jupiter-like planet orbiting the nearby M dwarf GJ 832." The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 690 (1), pp. 743-747. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/690/1/743Selection functions in doppler planet searches
O'Toole, S. J., Tinney, C. G., Jones, H. R. A., Butler, R. P., Marcy, G. W., Carter, B. D. and Bailey, J.. 2009. "Selection functions in doppler planet searches." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 392 (2), pp. 641-654. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14051.xA Neptune-mass planet orbiting the nearby G dwarf HD 16417
O'Toole, Simon, Tinney, C. G., Butler, R. Paul, Jones, Hugh R. A., Bailey, Jeremy, Carter, Brad D., Vogt, Steven S., Laughlin, Gregory and Rivera, Eugenio J.. 2009. "A Neptune-mass planet orbiting the nearby G dwarf HD 16417." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 697 (2), pp. 1263-1268. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/697/2/1263The frequency of low-mass exoplanets
O'Toole, S. J., Jones, H. R. A., Tinney, C. G., Butler, R. P., Marcy, G. W., Carter, B. D., Bailey, J. and Wittenmyer, R. A.. 2009. "The frequency of low-mass exoplanets." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 701 (2), pp. 1732-1741. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/701/2/1732Beyond the Iron Peak: r- and s-Process Elemental Abundances in Stars with Planets
Bond, J. C., Lauretta, D. S., Tinney, C. G., Butler, R. P., Marcy, G. W., Jones, H. R. A., Carter, B. D., O'Toole, S. J. and Bailey, J.. 2008. "Beyond the Iron Peak: r- and s-Process Elemental Abundances in Stars with Planets." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 682 (2), pp. 1234-1247. https://doi.org/10.1086/589236High-eccentricity planets from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search
Jones, Hugh R. A., Butler, R. Paul, Tinney, Chris G., Marcy, Geoffrey W., Carter, Brad D., Penny, Alan J., McCarthy, Chris and Bailey, Jeremy. 2006. "High-eccentricity planets from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 369 (1), pp. 249-256. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10298.xThe 2:1 resonant exoplanetary system orbiting HD 73526
Tinney, Chris G., Butler, R. Paul, Marcy, Geoffrey W., Jones, Hugh R. A., Laughlin, Gregory, Carter, Brad D., Bailey, Jeremy and O'Toole, Simon J.. 2006. "The 2:1 resonant exoplanetary system orbiting HD 73526." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 647 (1), pp. 594-599. https://doi.org/10.1086/503706New planets around three G Dwarfs
O'Toole, Simon J., Butler, R. Paul, Tinney, Chris G., Jones, Hugh R. A., Marcy, Geoffrey W., Carter, Brad, McCarthy, Chris, Bailey, Jeremy, Penny, Alan J., Apps, Kevin and Fischer, Debra A.. 2007. "New planets around three G Dwarfs." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 660 (2), pp. 1636-1641. https://doi.org/10.1086/513563A super-Earth and two Neptunes orbiting the nearby Sun-like star 61 Virginis
Vogt, Steven S., Wittenmyer, Robert A., Butler, R. Paul, O'Toole, Simon, Henry, Gregory W., Rivera, Eugenio J., Meschiari, Stefano, Laughlin, Gregory, Tinney, C. G., Jones, Hugh R. A., Bailey, Jeremy, Carter, Brad D. and Batygin, Konstantin. 2010. "A super-Earth and two Neptunes orbiting the nearby Sun-like star 61 Virginis." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 708 (2), pp. 1366-1375. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/708/2/1366The frequency of low-mass exoplanets. II. The 'period valley'
Wittenmyer, Robert A., O'Toole, Simon J., Jones, H. R. A., Tinney, C. G., Butler, R. P., Carter, B. D. and Bailey, J.. 2010. "The frequency of low-mass exoplanets. II. The 'period valley'." The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics. 722 (2), pp. 1854-1863. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/722/2/1854A long-period planet orbiting a nearby Sun-like star
Jones, Hugh R. A., Butler, R. Paul, Tinney, C. G., O'Toole, Simon, Wittenmyer, Rob, Henry, Gregory W., Meschiari, Stefano, Vogt, Steve, Rivera, Eugenio, Laughlin, Greg, Carter, Brad D., Bailey, Jeremy and Jenkins, James S.. 2010. "A long-period planet orbiting a nearby Sun-like star." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 403 (4), pp. 1703-1713. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16232.xExoplanet properties from Lick, Keck and AAT
Marcy, G. W., Butler, R. P., Vogt, S. S., Fischer, D. A., Wright, J. T., Johnson, J. A., Tinney, C. G., Jones, H. R. A., Carter, B. D., Bailey, J., O'Toole, S. J. and Upadhyay, S.. 2008. "Exoplanet properties from Lick, Keck and AAT." Piskunov, Nikolai, Rickman, hans and Gustafsson, Bengt (ed.) Nobel Symposium 135: Physics of Planetary Systems. Stockholm, Sweden 18 - 22 Jun 2007 Bristol, United Kingdom. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/2008/T130/014001This item comprises data from the following sources: Scopus