CrossFit overview: systematic review and meta-analysis

Article

Claudino, Joao Gustavo, Gabbett, Tim J., Bourgeois, Frank, de Sa Souza, Helton, Miranda, Rafael Chagas, Mezencio, Bruno, Soncin, Rafael, Cardoso Filho, Carlos Alberto, Bottaro, Martim, Hernandez, Arnoldo Jose, Amadio, Alberto Carlos and Serrao, Julio Cerca. 2018. "CrossFit overview: systematic review and meta-analysis." Sports Medicine - Open. 4 (1), pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-018-0124-5
Article Title

CrossFit overview: systematic review and meta-analysis

ERA Journal ID211380
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsClaudino, Joao Gustavo (Author), Gabbett, Tim J. (Author), Bourgeois, Frank (Author), de Sa Souza, Helton (Author), Miranda, Rafael Chagas (Author), Mezencio, Bruno (Author), Soncin, Rafael (Author), Cardoso Filho, Carlos Alberto (Author), Bottaro, Martim (Author), Hernandez, Arnoldo Jose (Author), Amadio, Alberto Carlos (Author) and Serrao, Julio Cerca (Author)
Journal TitleSports Medicine - Open
Journal Citation4 (1), pp. 1-14
Number of Pages14
Year2018
Place of PublicationGermany
ISSN2198-9761
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-018-0124-5
Web Address (URL)https://sportsmedicine-open.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40798-018-0124-5
Abstract

BACKGROUND: CrossFit is recognized as one of the fastest growing high-intensity functional training modes in the world. However, scientific data regarding the practice of CrossFit is sparse. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the findings of scientific literature related to CrossFit via systematic review and meta-analysis.

METHODS: Systematic searches of the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Bireme/MedLine, and SciELO online databases were conducted for articles reporting the effects of CrossFit training. The systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. The Oxford Levels of Evidence was used for all included articles, and only studies that investigated the effects of CrossFit as a training program were included in the meta-analysis. For the meta-analysis, effect sizes (ESs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and heterogeneity was assessed using a random-effects model.

RESULTS: Thirty-one articles were included in the systematic review and four were included in the meta-analysis. However, only two studies had a high level of evidence at low risk of bias. Scientific literature related to CrossFit has reported on body composition, psycho-physiological parameters, musculoskeletal injury risk, life and health aspects, and psycho-social behavior. In the meta-analysis, significant results were not found for any variables.

CONCLUSIONS: The current scientific literature related to CrossFit has few studies with high level of evidence at low risk of bias. However, preliminary data has suggested that CrossFit practice is associated with higher levels of sense of community, satisfaction, and motivation.

Keywordshigh-intensity functional training, high-intensity interval training, training load
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020420799. Sports science and exercise not elsewhere classified
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Byline AffiliationsSao Paulo State University, Brazil
Institute for Resilient Regions
Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
University of Brasilia, Brazil
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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O'Sullivan, Kieran, O'Sullivan, Peter B. and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2018. "Pain and fatigue in sport: are they so different? " British Journal of Sports Medicine. 52 (9), pp. 555-556. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098159
In pursuit of the ‘Unbreakable’ Athlete: what is the role of moderating factors and circular causation?
Gabbett, Tim J, Nielsen, Rasmus Oestergaard, Bertelsen, Michael Lejbach, Netto Bittencourt, Natalia Franco, Fonseca, Sergio T, Malone, Shane, Moller, Merete, Oetter, Eric, Verhagen, Evert and Windt, Johann. 2018. "In pursuit of the ‘Unbreakable’ Athlete: what is the role of moderating factors and circular causation? " British Journal of Sports Medicine. 53 (7), pp. 394-395. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099995
Research, urban myths and the never ending story
Gabbett, Tim J and Blanch, Peter. 2019. "Research, urban myths and the never ending story ." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 53 (10), pp. 592-593. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098439
Internal and external match loads of university-level soccer players: a comparison between methods
Sparks, Martinique, Coetzee, Ben and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2017. "Internal and external match loads of university-level soccer players: a comparison between methods." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 31 (4), pp. 1072-1077. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001560
Changes in rugby league tackling ability during a competitive season: the relationship with strength and power qualities
Speranza, Michael J. A., Gabbett, Tim J., Greene, David A., Johnston, Rich D. and Sheppard, Jeremy M.. 2017. "Changes in rugby league tackling ability during a competitive season: the relationship with strength and power qualities." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 31 (12), pp. 3311-3318. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001540
Does small-sided games training improve physical-fitness and specific skills for team sports? A systematic review with meta-analysis
Hammami, Amri, Gabbett, Tim J., Slimani, Maamer and Bouhlel, Ezdine. 2018. "Does small-sided games training improve physical-fitness and specific skills for team sports? A systematic review with meta-analysis." The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 58 (10), pp. 1446-1455. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07420-5
Seven tips for developing and maintaining a high performance sports medicine team
Gabbett, Tim J., Kearney, Simon, Bisson, Leslie J., Collins, Joe, Sikka, Robby, Winder, Nathan, Sedgwick, Craig, Hollis, Ed and Bettle, Jeremy M.. 2017. "Seven tips for developing and maintaining a high performance sports medicine team." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 52 (10), pp. 626-627. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098426
Yes, rolling averages are a good way to assess training load for injury prevention. Is there a better way? Probably, but we have not seen the evidence
Drew, M. K., Blanch, P., Purdam, C. and Gabbett, T. J.. 2017. "Yes, rolling averages are a good way to assess training load for injury prevention. Is there a better way? Probably, but we have not seen the evidence." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 51 (7), pp. 618-619. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096609
Physical-preparation recommendations for elite rugby sevens performance
Schuster, Jake, Howells, Dan, Robineau, Julien, Couderc, Anthony, Natera, Alex, Lumley, Nick, Gabbett, Tim J. and Winkelman, Nick. 2018. "Physical-preparation recommendations for elite rugby sevens performance." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 13 (3), pp. 255-267. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0728
Protection against spikes in workload with aerobic fitness and playing experience: the role of the acute: chronic workload ratio on injury risk in elite Gaelic football
Malone, Shane, Roe, Mark, Doran, Dominic A., Gabbett, Tim J. and Collins, Kieran D.. 2017. "Protection against spikes in workload with aerobic fitness and playing experience: the role of the acute: chronic workload ratio on injury risk in elite Gaelic football." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 12 (3), pp. 393-401. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0090
Tackle characteristics and outcomes in match-play rugby league: the relationship with tackle ability and physical qualities
Speranza, Michael J. A., Gabbett, Tim J., Greene, David A., Johnston, Rich D. and Townshend, Andrew D.. 2017. "Tackle characteristics and outcomes in match-play rugby league: the relationship with tackle ability and physical qualities." Science and Medicine in Football. 1 (3), pp. 265-271. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2017.1361041
High-speed running and sprinting as an injury risk factor in soccer: can well-developed physical qualities reduce the risk?
Malone, Shane, Owen, Adam, Mendes, Bruno, Hughes, Brian, Collins, Kieran and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2018. "High-speed running and sprinting as an injury risk factor in soccer: can well-developed physical qualities reduce the risk?" Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 21 (3), pp. 257-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2017.05.016
Can the workload-injury relationship be moderated by improved strength, speed and repeated-sprint qualities?
Malone, Shane, Hughes, Brian, Doran, Dominic A., Collins, Kieran and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2019. "Can the workload-injury relationship be moderated by improved strength, speed and repeated-sprint qualities?" Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 22 (1), pp. 29-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.01.010
Sub-maximal heart rate is associated with changes in high-intensity intermittent running ability in professional rugby league players
Hulin, Billy T., Gabbett, Tim J., Johnston, Rich D. and Jenkins, David G.. 2018. "Sub-maximal heart rate is associated with changes in high-intensity intermittent running ability in professional rugby league players." Science and Medicine in Football. 3 (1), pp. 50-56. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2018.1475748
Training and match volume and injury in adolescents playing multiple contact team sports: a prospective cohort study
Hartwig, Timothy B., Gabbett, Tim J., Naughton, Geraldine, Duncan, Craig, Harries, Simon and Perry, Nicholas. 2019. "Training and match volume and injury in adolescents playing multiple contact team sports: a prospective cohort study." Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 29 (3), pp. 469-475. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13343
Assessment of body composition in junior representative and first grade rugby league players using dual x-ray absorptiometry
Greene, David A., Varley, Benjamin, Duncan, Craig S. and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2017. "Assessment of body composition in junior representative and first grade rugby league players using dual x-ray absorptiometry." Science and Medicine in Football. 1 (3), pp. 197-202. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2017.1331043
An alternative test of tackling ability in rugby league players
Speranza, Michael J. A., Gabbett, Tim J., Greene, David A., Johnston, Rich D., Townshend, Andrew D. and O'Farrell, Brett. 2018. "An alternative test of tackling ability in rugby league players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 13 (3), pp. 347-352. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0701
Relationship between 2 standardized tackling proficiency tests and rugby league match-play tackle performance
Speranza, Michael J. A., Gabbett, Tim J., Greene, David A., Johnston, Richard D. and Townshend, Andrew D.. 2018. "Relationship between 2 standardized tackling proficiency tests and rugby league match-play tackle performance." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 13 (6), pp. 770-776. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0593
The use of relative speed zones in Australian football: are we really measuring what we think we are?
Murray, Nick B., Gabbett, Tim J. and Townshend, Andrew D.. 2018. "The use of relative speed zones in Australian football: are we really measuring what we think we are?" International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 13 (4), pp. 442-451. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0148
Relationship between preseason training load and in-season availability in elite Australian football players
Murray, Nick B., Gabbett, Tim J. and Townshend, Andrew D.. 2017. "Relationship between preseason training load and in-season availability in elite Australian football players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 12 (6), pp. 749-755. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0806
Automatic detection of pitching and throwing events in baseball with inertial measurement sensors
Murray, Nick B., Black, Georgia M., Whiteley, Rod J., Gahan, Peter, Cole, Michael H., Utting, Andy and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2017. "Automatic detection of pitching and throwing events in baseball with inertial measurement sensors." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 12 (4), pp. 533-537. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0212
The relationship between variables in wearable microtechnology devices and cricket fast-bowling intensity
McNamara, Dean J., Gabbett, Tim J., Blanch, Peter and Kelly, Luke. 2018. "The relationship between variables in wearable microtechnology devices and cricket fast-bowling intensity." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 13 (2), pp. 135-139. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0540
Playerload variables: sensitive to changes in direction and not related to collision workloads in rugby league match play
Hulin, Billy T., Gabbett, Tim J., Johnston, Rich D. and Jenkins, David G.. 2018. "Playerload variables: sensitive to changes in direction and not related to collision workloads in rugby league match play." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 13 (9), pp. 1136-1142. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0557
The effect of contextual factors on physiological and activity profiles in international women's rugby sevens
Goodale, Tyler L., Gabbett, Tim J., Tsai, Ming-Chang, Stellingwerff, Trent and Sheppard, Jeremy. 2017. "The effect of contextual factors on physiological and activity profiles in international women's rugby sevens." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 12 (3), pp. 370-376. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0711
Two training-load paradoxes: can we work harder and smarter, can physical preparation and medical be teammates?
Gabbett, Tim J. and Whiteley, Rod. 2017. "Two training-load paradoxes: can we work harder and smarter, can physical preparation and medical be teammates?" International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 12 (2 (Supplement)), pp. 50-54. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0321
Validity of a microsensor-based algorithm for detecting scrum events in rugby union
Chambers, Ryan M., Gabbett, Tim J. and Cole, Michael H.. 2019. "Validity of a microsensor-based algorithm for detecting scrum events in rugby union." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 14 (2), pp. 176-182. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0222
The influence of rotations on match running performance in female Australian football midfielders
Black, Georgia M., Gabbett, Tim J., Johnston, Rich D., Naughton, Geraldine, Cole, Michael H. and Dawson, Brian. 2018. "The influence of rotations on match running performance in female Australian football midfielders." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 13 (4), pp. 434-441. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0175
The influence of physical qualities on activity profiles of female Australian football match play
Black, Georgia M., Gabbett, Tim J., Johnston, Rich D., Cole, Michael H., Naughton, Geraldine and Dawson, Brian. 2018. "The influence of physical qualities on activity profiles of female Australian football match play." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 13 (4), pp. 524-529. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0723
Association of daily workload, wellness, injury and illness during tours in international cricketers
Ahmun, Robert, McCaig, Steve, Tallent, Jamie, Williams, Sean and Gabbett, Tim. 2019. "Association of daily workload, wellness, injury and illness during tours in international cricketers." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 14 (3), pp. 369-377. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0315
Getting the most out of intensive longitudinal data: a methodological review of workload–injury studies
Windt, Johann, Arden, Clare L., Gabbett, Tim J., Khan, Karim M., Cook, Chad E., Sporer, Ben C. and Zumbo, Bruno D.. 2018. "Getting the most out of intensive longitudinal data: a methodological review of workload–injury studies." BMJ Open. 8 (10), pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022626
Validity of session rating perceived exertion method for quantifying internal training load during high intensity functional training
Tibana, Ramires Alsamir, Frade de Sousa, Nuno Manuel, Cunha, Gabriel Veloso, Prestes, Jonato, Fett, Carlos, Gabbett, Timothy J. and Voltarelli, Fabricio Azevedo. 2018. "Validity of session rating perceived exertion method for quantifying internal training load during high intensity functional training." Sports. 6 (3). https://doi.org/10.3390/sports6030068
Positional differences in the most demanding passages of play in football competition
Martin-Garcia, Andres, Casamichana, David, Diaz, Antonio Gomez, Cos, Francesc and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2018. "Positional differences in the most demanding passages of play in football competition." Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 17, pp. 563-570.
The use of generic and individual speed thresholds for assessing the competitive demands of field hockey
Casamichana, David, Morencos, Esther, Romero-Moraleda, Blanca and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2018. "The use of generic and individual speed thresholds for assessing the competitive demands of field hockey." Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 17 (3), pp. 366-371.
Physical fitness and peak running periods during female Australian football match-play
Black, Georgia M., Gabbett, Tim J., Johnston, Rich D., Cole, Michael H., Naughton, Geraldine and Dawson, Brian. 2018. "Physical fitness and peak running periods during female Australian football match-play." Science and Medicine in Football. 2 (3), pp. 246-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2018.1426103
Monitoring athlete training loads: Consensus statement
Bourdon, Pitre C., Carindale, Marco, Murray, Andrew, Gastin, Paul, Kellmann, Micheal., Varley, Matthew C., Gabbett, Tim J., Coutts, Aaron J., Burgess, Darrne J., Gregson, Warren and Cable, N. Timothy. 2017. "Monitoring athlete training loads: Consensus statement." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 12, pp. 161-170. https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSPP.2017-0208
The athlete monitoring cycle: a practical guide to interpreting and applying training monitoring data
Gabbett, Tim J., Nassis, George P., Oetter, Eric, Pretorius, Johan, Johnston, Nick, Medina, Daniel, Rodas, Gil, Myslinski, Tom, Howells, Dan, Beard, Adam and Ryan, Allan. 2017. "The athlete monitoring cycle: a practical guide to interpreting and applying training monitoring data." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 51 (20), pp. 1451-1452. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-097298
'Side-stepping maneuver': not the more efficient technique to change direction amongst young elite soccer players
Rouissi, Mehdi, Chtara, Moktar, Owen, Adam, Chaalali, Anis, Chaouachi, Anis, Gabbett, Tim and Chamri, Karim. 2015. "'Side-stepping maneuver': not the more efficient technique to change direction amongst young elite soccer players." International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. 15 (2), pp. 749-763. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2015.11868827
High chronic training loads and exposure to bouts of maximal velocity running reduce injury risk in elite Gaelic football
Malone, Shane, Roe, Mark, Doran, Dominic A., Gabbett, Tim J. and Collins, Kieran. 2017. "High chronic training loads and exposure to bouts of maximal velocity running reduce injury risk in elite Gaelic football." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 20, pp. 250-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2016.08.005
Debunking the myths about training load, injury and performance: empirical evidence, hot topics and recommendations for practitioners
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2020. "Debunking the myths about training load, injury and performance: empirical evidence, hot topics and recommendations for practitioners." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 54 (1), pp. 58-66. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099784
Yo-yo intermittent recovery test thresholds to determine positional internal match loads of semiprofessional soccer players
Sparks, Martinique, Coetzee, Ben and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2016. "Yo-yo intermittent recovery test thresholds to determine positional internal match loads of semiprofessional soccer players." International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. 16 (3), pp. 1064-1074. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2016.11868948
Physical fitness profile of competitive young soccer players: determination of positional differences
Marques, Mario C., Izquierdo, Mikel, Gabbett, Tim J., Travassos, Bruno, Branquinho, Luis and van den Tillaar, Ronald. 2016. "Physical fitness profile of competitive young soccer players: determination of positional differences." International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching. 11 (5), pp. 693-701. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954116667107
Influence of playing standard and physical fitness on activity profiles and post-match fatigue during intensified junior rugby league competition
Johnston, Rich D., Gabbett, Tim J. and Jenkins, David G.. 2016. "Influence of playing standard and physical fitness on activity profiles and post-match fatigue during intensified junior rugby league competition." Sports Medicine - Open. 2 (2). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-015-0015-y
Indeed association does not equal prediction: the never-ending search for the perfect acute: chronic workload ratio
Hulin, Billy T. and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2019. "Indeed association does not equal prediction: the never-ending search for the perfect acute: chronic workload ratio." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 53 (3), pp. 144-145. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099448
Relationship between load and readiness to train in a Gaelic football pre-competition training camp
McGahan, Jason, Burns, Con, Lacey, Sean, Gabbett, Tim and O'Neill, Cian. 2019. "Relationship between load and readiness to train in a Gaelic football pre-competition training camp." Journal of Australian Strength and Conditioning. 27 (1), pp. 28-35.
How do training and competition workloads relate to injury? The workload-injury aetiology model
Windt, Johann and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2017. "How do training and competition workloads relate to injury? The workload-injury aetiology model." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 51 (5), pp. 428-435. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096040
Self-reported wellness profiles of professional australian football players during the competition phase of the season
Gallo, Tania F., Cormack, Stuart J., Gabbett, Tim J. and Lorenzen, Christian H.. 2017. "Self-reported wellness profiles of professional australian football players during the competition phase of the season." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 31 (2), pp. 495-502. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001515
Is workload associated with injuries and performance in elite football? A call for action
Nassis, George P. and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2017. "Is workload associated with injuries and performance in elite football? A call for action." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 51 (6), pp. 486-487. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-095988
Activity and recovery cycles and skill involvements of successful and unsuccessful elite rugby league teams: a longitudinal analysis of evolutionary changes in National Rugby League match-play
Gabbett, Tim J. and Hulin, Billy T.. 2018. "Activity and recovery cycles and skill involvements of successful and unsuccessful elite rugby league teams: a longitudinal analysis of evolutionary changes in National Rugby League match-play." Journal of Sports Sciences. 36 (2), pp. 180-190. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2017.1288918
Assessment of workload and its effects on performance and injury in elite cricket fast bowlers
McNamara, Dean J., Gabbett, Tim J. and Naughton, Geraldine. 2017. "Assessment of workload and its effects on performance and injury in elite cricket fast bowlers." Sports Medicine. 47 (3), pp. 503-515. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0588-8
How submarine and guided missile technology can help reduce injury and improve performance in cricket fast bowlers
McNamara, Dean J, Gabbett, Tim J, Naughton, Geraldine and Orchard, John W. 2016. "How submarine and guided missile technology can help reduce injury and improve performance in cricket fast bowlers ." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50 (16), pp. 962-963. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095935
If overuse injury is a ‘training load error’, should undertraining be viewed the same way?
Gabbett, Tim J, Kennelly, Steve, Sheehan, Joe, Hawkins, Richard, Milsom, Jordan, King, Enda, Whiteley, Rod and Ekstrand, Jan. 2016. "If overuse injury is a ‘training load error’, should undertraining be viewed the same way? " British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50 (17), pp. 1017-1018. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096308
Cost-benefit analysis underlies training decisions in elite sport
Gabbett, Heath T, Windt, Johann and Gabbett, Tim J. 2016. "Cost-benefit analysis underlies training decisions in elite sport ." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50 (21), pp. 1291-1292. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096079
Effect of strength and power training on tackling ability in semiprofessional rugby league players
Speranza, Michael J A, Gabbett, Tim J., Johnston, Rich D. and Sheppard, Jeremy M.. 2016. "Effect of strength and power training on tackling ability in semiprofessional rugby league players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 30 (2), pp. 336-343. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001058
Training load-injury paradox: is greater preseason participation associated with lower in-season injury risk in elite rugby league players?
Windt, Johann, Gabbett, Tim J., Ferris, Daniel and Khan, Karim M.. 2017. "Training load-injury paradox: is greater preseason participation associated with lower in-season injury risk in elite rugby league players?" British Journal of Sports Medicine. 51 (8), pp. 645-650. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-095973
High training workloads alone do not cause sports injuries: how you get there is the real issue
Gabbett, Tim J, Hulin, Billy T, Blanch, Peter and Whiteley, Rod. 2016. "High training workloads alone do not cause sports injuries: how you get there is the real issue ." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50 (8), pp. 444-445. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095567
Association of anthropometric qualities with vertical jump performance in elite male volleyball players
Aouadi, R., Chedly, M.., Khalifa, R., Hermassi, S., Chelly, M. Souhaiel, van den Tillaar, R. and Gabbett, T.. 2012. "Association of anthropometric qualities with vertical jump performance in elite male volleyball players." The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 52 (1), pp. 11-17.
Allometric scaling and age-related differences in change of direction speed performances of young soccer players
Negra, Y., Chaabene, H., Hammami, M., Khlifa, R., Gabbett, T. and Hachana, Y.. 2016. "Allometric scaling and age-related differences in change of direction speed performances of young soccer players." Science and Sports. 31 (2), pp. e19-e26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2015.10.003
Managing player load in professional rugby union: a review of current knowledge and practices
Quarrie, Kenneth L., Raftery, Martin, Blackie, Josh, Cook, Christian J., Fuller, Colin W., Gabbett, Tim J., Gray, Andrew J., Gill, Nicholas, Hennessy, Liam, Kemp, Simon, Lambert, Mike, Mellalieu, Stephen D., Nichol, Rob, Piscione, Julien, Stadelmann, Jörg and Tucker, Ross. 2017. "Managing player load in professional rugby union: a review of current knowledge and practices." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 51 (5), pp. 421-427. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096191
Applied sport science of rugby league
Johnston, Rich D., Gabbett, Tim J. and Jenkins, David G.. 2014. "Applied sport science of rugby league." Sports Medicine. 44 (8), pp. 1087-1100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0190-x
The relationship between workloads, physical performance, injury and illness in adolescent male football players
Gabbett, Tim J., Whyte, Douglas G., Hartwig, Timothy B., Wescombe, Holly and Naughton, Geraldine A.. 2014. "The relationship between workloads, physical performance, injury and illness in adolescent male football players." Sports Medicine. 44 (7), pp. 989-1003. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0179-5
Activity profiles of successful and less-successful semi-elite rugby league teams
Hulin, B. T. and Gabbett, T. J.. 2015. "Activity profiles of successful and less-successful semi-elite rugby league teams." International Journal of Sports Medicine. 36 (6), pp. 485-489. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1398532
Influence of strength, sprint running, and combined strength and sprint running training on short sprint performance in young adults
Marques, M. C., Gabbett, T. J., Marinho, D. A., Blazevich, A. J., Sousa, A., van den Tillaar, R. and Izquierdo, M.. 2015. "Influence of strength, sprint running, and combined strength and sprint running training on short sprint performance in young adults." International Journal of Sports Medicine. 36 (10), pp. 789-795. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1547284
The use of wearable microsensors to quantify sport-specific movements
Chambers, Ryan, Gabbett, Tim J., Cole, Michael H. and Beard, Adam. 2015. "The use of wearable microsensors to quantify sport-specific movements." Sports Medicine. 45 (7), pp. 1065-1081. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0332-9
Agility in team sports: testing, training and factors affecting performance
Paul, Darren J., Gabbett, Tim J. and Nassis, George P.. 2016. "Agility in team sports: testing, training and factors affecting performance." Sports Medicine. 46 (3), pp. 421-442. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0428-2
Monitoring workload in throwing-dominant sports: a systematic review
Black, Georgia M., Gabbett, Tim J., Cole, Michael H. and Naughton, Geraldine. 2016. "Monitoring workload in throwing-dominant sports: a systematic review." Sports Medicine. 46 (10), pp. 1503-1516. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0529-6
Spikes in acute workload are associated with increased injury risk in elite cricket fast bowlers
Hulin, Billy T., Gabbett, Tim J., Blanch, Peter, Chapman, Paul, Bailey, David and Orchard, John W.. 2014. "Spikes in acute workload are associated with increased injury risk in elite cricket fast bowlers." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 48 (8), pp. 708-712. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092524
Statistical modelling for recurrent events: an application to sports injuries
Ullah, Shahid, Gabbett, Tim J. and Finch, Caroline F.. 2014. "Statistical modelling for recurrent events: an application to sports injuries." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 48 (17), pp. 1287-1293. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2011-090803
Pre-training perceived wellness impacts training output in Australian football players
Gallo, Tania F., Cormack, Stuart J., Gabbett, Tim J. and Lorenzen, Christian H.. 2016. "Pre-training perceived wellness impacts training output in Australian football players." Journal of Sports Sciences. 34 (15), pp. 1445-1451. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1119295
Effect of leg dominance on change of direction ability amongst young elite soccer players
Rouissi, Mehdi, Chtara, Moktar, Owen, Adam, Chaalali, Anis, Chaouachi, Anis, Gabbett, Tim and Chamari, Karim. 2016. "Effect of leg dominance on change of direction ability amongst young elite soccer players." Journal of Sports Sciences. 34 (6), pp. 542-548. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1129432
How much is too much? (Part 1) International Olympic Committee consensus statement on load in sport and risk of injury
Soligard, Torbjørn, Schwellnus, Martin, Alonso, Juan Manuel, Bahr, Roald, Clarsen, Ben, Dijkstra, H. Paul, Gabbett, Tim, Gleeson, Michael, Hagglund, Martin, Hutchinson, Mark R., Janse van Rensburg, Christa, Khan, Karim M., Meeusen, Romain, Orchard, John W., Pluim, Babette M., Raftery, Martin, Budgett, Richard and Engebretsen, Lars. 2016. "How much is too much? (Part 1) International Olympic Committee consensus statement on load in sport and risk of injury." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50 (17), pp. 1030-1041. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096581
How much is too much? (Part 2) International Olympic Committee consensus statement on load in sport and risk of illness
Schwellnus, Martin, Soligard, Torbjorn, Alonso, Juan Manuel, Bahr, Roald, Clarsen, Ben, Dijkstra, H. Paul, Gabbett, Tim J., Gleeson, Michael, Hagglund, Martin, Hutchinson, Mark R., Janse van Rensburg, Christa, Meeusen, Romain, Orchard, John W., Pluim, Babette M., Raftery, Martin, Budgett, Richard and Engebretsen, Lars. 2016. "How much is too much? (Part 2) International Olympic Committee consensus statement on load in sport and risk of illness." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50 (17), pp. 1043-1052. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096572
Relative importance of physiological, anthropometric, and skill qualities to team selection in professional rugby league
Gabbett, Tim J., Jenkins, David G. and Abernethy, Bruce. 2011. "Relative importance of physiological, anthropometric, and skill qualities to team selection in professional rugby league." Journal of Sports Sciences. 29 (13), pp. 1453-1461. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.603348
Relationships between physiological, anthropometric, and skill qualities and playing performance in professional rugby league players
Gabbett, Tim J., Jenkins, David G. and Abernethy, Bruce. 2011. "Relationships between physiological, anthropometric, and skill qualities and playing performance in professional rugby league players." Journal of Sports Sciences. 29 (15), pp. 1655-1664. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.610346
Skill qualities as risk factors for contact injury in professional rugby league players
Gabbett, Tim J., Ullah, Shahid, Jenkins, David and Abernethy, Bruce. 2012. "Skill qualities as risk factors for contact injury in professional rugby league players." Journal of Sports Sciences. 30 (13), pp. 1421-1427. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.710760
Dual-task assessment of a sporting skill: influence of task complexity and relationship with competitive performances
Gabbett, Tim J. and Abernethy, Bruce. 2012. "Dual-task assessment of a sporting skill: influence of task complexity and relationship with competitive performances." Journal of Sports Sciences. 30 (16), pp. 1735-1745. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.713979
Effects of a shoot training programme with a reduced hoop diameter rim on free-throw performance and kinematics in young basketball players
Khlifa, Riadh, Aouadi, Ridha, Shephard, Roy, Chelly, Mohamed Souhaiel, Hermassi, Souhail and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2013. "Effects of a shoot training programme with a reduced hoop diameter rim on free-throw performance and kinematics in young basketball players." Journal of Sports Sciences. 31 (5), pp. 497-504. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.736634
Influence of playing standard on the physical demands of professional rugby league
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2013. "Influence of playing standard on the physical demands of professional rugby league." Journal of Sports Sciences. 31 (10), pp. 1125-1138. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2013.773401
Activity profiles of professional soccer, rugby league and Australian football match play
Varley, Matthew C., Gabbett, Tim and Aughey, Robert J.. 2014. "Activity profiles of professional soccer, rugby league and Australian football match play." Journal of Sports Sciences. 32 (20), pp. 1858-1866. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2013.823227
Knowledge of bout duration influences pacing strategies during small-sided games
Sampson, John Andrew, Fullagar, Hugh Head Kelsham and Gabbett, Tim. 2015. "Knowledge of bout duration influences pacing strategies during small-sided games." Journal of Sports Sciences. 33 (1), pp. 85-98. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2014.925571
Characteristics impacting on session rating of perceived exertion training load in Australian footballers
Gallo, Tania, Cormack, Stuart, Gabbett, Tim, Williams, Morgan and Lorenzen, Christian. 2015. "Characteristics impacting on session rating of perceived exertion training load in Australian footballers." Journal of Sports Sciences. 33 (5), pp. 467-475. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2014.947311
Positional group significantly influences the offensive and defensive skill involvements of junior representative rugby league players during match play
Bennett, Kyle J. M., Fransen, Job, Scott, Brendan R., Sanctuary, Colin E., Gabbett, Tim J. and Dascombe, Ben J.. 2016. "Positional group significantly influences the offensive and defensive skill involvements of junior representative rugby league players during match play." Journal of Sports Sciences. 34 (16), pp. 1542-1546. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1122206
Repeated high-intensity exercise in professional rugby union
Austin, Damien, Gabbett, Tim and Jenkins, David. 2011. "Repeated high-intensity exercise in professional rugby union." Journal of Sports Sciences. 29 (10), pp. 1105-1112. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.582508
Validity and reliability of new agility test among elite and subelite under 14-soccer players
Hachana, Younes, Chaabene, Helmi, Rajeb, Ghada Ben, Khlifa, Riadh, Aouadi, Ridha, Chamari, Karim and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2014. "Validity and reliability of new agility test among elite and subelite under 14-soccer players." PLoS One. 9 (4). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095773
The validity of microsensors to automatically detect bowling events and counts in cricket fast bowlers
McNamara, Dean J., Gabbett, Tim J., Chapman, Paul, Naughton, Geraldine and Farhart, Patrick. 2015. "The validity of microsensors to automatically detect bowling events and counts in cricket fast bowlers." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 10 (1), pp. 71-75. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0062
Physical demands of match play in successful and less-successful elite rugby league teams
Hulin, Billy T., Gabbett, Tim J., Kearney, Simon and Corvo, Alex. 2015. "Physical demands of match play in successful and less-successful elite rugby league teams." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 10 (6), pp. 703-710. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0080
Relationship between a standardized tackling proficiency test and match-play tackle performance in semiprofessional rugby league players
Speranza, Michael J. A., Gabbett, Tim J., Johnston, Rich D. and Sheppard, Jeremy M.. 2015. "Relationship between a standardized tackling proficiency test and match-play tackle performance in semiprofessional rugby league players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 10 (6), pp. 754-760. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0044
The influence of physical fitness and playing standard on pacing strategies during a team-sport tournament
Johnston, Rich D., Gabbett, Tim J. and Jenkins, David G.. 2015. "The influence of physical fitness and playing standard on pacing strategies during a team-sport tournament." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 10 (8), pp. 1001-1008. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0005
Influence of prior knowledge of exercise duration on pacing strategies during game-based activities
Gabbett, Tim J., Walker, Ben and Walker, Shane. 2015. "Influence of prior knowledge of exercise duration on pacing strategies during game-based activities." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 10 (3), pp. 298-304. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0543
Influence of number of contact efforts on running performance during game-based activities
Johnston, Rich D., Gabbett, Tim J. and Jenkins, David G.. 2015. "Influence of number of contact efforts on running performance during game-based activities." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 10 (6), pp. 740-745. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0110
Predictors of repeated high-intensity-effort ability in rugby league players
Gabbett, Tim J. and Wheeler, Aaron J.. 2015. "Predictors of repeated high-intensity-effort ability in rugby league players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 10 (6), pp. 718-724. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0127
Repeated high-intensity-effort activity in elite and semielite rugby league match play
Black, Georgia M. and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2015. "Repeated high-intensity-effort activity in elite and semielite rugby league match play." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 10 (6), pp. 711-717. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0081
Effect of different repeated-high-intensity-effort bouts on subsequent running, skill performance, and neuromuscular function
Johnston, Rich D., Gabbett, Tim J., Jenkins, David G. and Speranza, Michael J.. 2016. "Effect of different repeated-high-intensity-effort bouts on subsequent running, skill performance, and neuromuscular function." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 11 (3), pp. 311-318. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0243
Relationship between physical qualities and minutes played in international women's rugby sevens
Goodale, Tyler L., Gabbett, Tim J., Stellingwerff, Trent, Tsai, Ming-Chang and Sheppard, Jeremy M.. 2016. "Relationship between physical qualities and minutes played in international women's rugby sevens." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 11 (4), pp. 489-494. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0509
Repeated high-intensity-effort activity in relation to tries scored and conceded during rugby league match play
Gabbett, Tim J. and Gahan, Caleb W.. 2016. "Repeated high-intensity-effort activity in relation to tries scored and conceded during rugby league match play." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 11 (4), pp. 530-534. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0266
Repeated high-intensity running and sprinting in elite women's soccer competition
Gabbett, Tim J., Wiig, Håvard and Spencer, Matt. 2013. "Repeated high-intensity running and sprinting in elite women's soccer competition." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 8 (2), pp. 130-138. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.2.130
Training and competition workloads and fatigue responses of elite junior cricket players
McNamara, Dean J., Gabbett, Tim J., Naughton, Geraldine, Farhart, Patrick and Chapman, Paul. 2013. "Training and competition workloads and fatigue responses of elite junior cricket players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 8 (5), pp. 517-526. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.5.517
Movement demands of elite rugby league players during Australian National Rugby League and European Super League matches
Twist, Craig, Highton, Jamie, Waldron, Mark, Edwards, Emma, Austin, Damien and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2014. "Movement demands of elite rugby league players during Australian National Rugby League and European Super League matches." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 9 (6), pp. 925-930. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0270
Influence of physical contact on pacing strategies during game-based activities
Johnston, Rich D., Gabbett, Tim J., Seibold, Anthony J. and Jenkins, David G.. 2014. "Influence of physical contact on pacing strategies during game-based activities." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 9 (5), pp. 811-816. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0424
Repeated-sprint ability and team selection in Australian football league players
Le Rossignol, Peter, Gabbett, Tim J., Comerford, Dan and Stanton, Warren R.. 2014. "Repeated-sprint ability and team selection in Australian football league players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 9 (1), pp. 161-165. https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSPP.2013-0005
Running-intensity fluctuations in elite rugby sevens performance
Furlan, Nicola, Waldron, Mark, Shorter, Kathleen, Gabbett, Tim J., Mitchell, John, Fitzgerald, Edward, Osborne, Mark A. and Gray, Adrian J.. 2015. "Running-intensity fluctuations in elite rugby sevens performance." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 10 (6), pp. 802-807. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0315
Monitoring neuromuscular fatigue in team-sport athletes using a cycle-ergometer test
Wehbe, George, Gabbett, Tim, Dwyer, Dan, McLellan, Christopher and Coad, Sam. 2015. "Monitoring neuromuscular fatigue in team-sport athletes using a cycle-ergometer test." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 10 (3), pp. 292-297. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0217
Assessment and monitoring of ballistic and maximal upper-body strength qualities in athletes
Young, Kieran P., Haff, G. Gregory, Newton, Robert U., Gabbett, Tim J. and Sheppard, Jeremy M.. 2015. "Assessment and monitoring of ballistic and maximal upper-body strength qualities in athletes." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 10 (2), pp. 232-237. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0073
Variability of PlayerLoad, bowling velocity, and performance execution in fast bowlers across repeated bowling spells
McNamara, Dean J., Gabbett, Tim J., Chapman, Paul, Naughton, Geraldine and Farhart, Patrick. 2015. "Variability of PlayerLoad, bowling velocity, and performance execution in fast bowlers across repeated bowling spells." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 10 (8), pp. 1009-1014. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0497
Examining the skill involvements of under-16 rugby league players during a small-sided game and match-play
Bennett, Kyle J. M., Scott, Brendan R., Fransen, Job, Elsworthy, Nathan, Sanctuary, Colin E., Gabbett, Tim J. and Dascombe, Ben J.. 2016. "Examining the skill involvements of under-16 rugby league players during a small-sided game and match-play." International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching. 11 (4), pp. 532-537. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954116654780
Challenges and solutions when applying implicit motor learning theory in a high performance sport environment: examples from rugby league
Gabbett, Tim and Masters, Rich. 2011. "Challenges and solutions when applying implicit motor learning theory in a high performance sport environment: examples from rugby league." International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching. 6 (4), pp. 567-575. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.6.4.567
Kinematic adjustments in the basketball free throw performed with a reduced hoop diameter rim
Khlifa, Riadh, Aouadi, Ridha, Hermassi, Souhail, Chelly, Mohamed, Jlid, Chedly and Gabbett, Tim. 2012. "Kinematic adjustments in the basketball free throw performed with a reduced hoop diameter rim." International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching. 7 (2), pp. 371-381. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.7.2.371
Should all athletes do explosive lifting?
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2013. "Should all athletes do explosive lifting?" International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching. 8 (3), pp. 619-620. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.8.3.619
Influence of ball position on playing space in Spanish elite women's football match-play
Zubillaga, Asier, Gabbett, Tim J., Fradua, Luis, Ruiz-Ruiz, Carlos, Caro, Óscar and Ervilla, Raúl. 2013. "Influence of ball position on playing space in Spanish elite women's football match-play." International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching. 8 (4), pp. 713-722. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.8.4.713
Relationship between explosive performance measurements of the lower limb and repeated shuttle-sprint ability in elite adolescent handball players
Hermassi, Souhail, Gabbett, Tim J., Spencer, Matt, Khlifa, Riadh, Chelly, Mohamed Souhaiel and Chamari, Karim. 2014. "Relationship between explosive performance measurements of the lower limb and repeated shuttle-sprint ability in elite adolescent handball players." International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching. 9 (5), pp. 1191-1204. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.9.5.1191
Effects of a short-term in-season plyometric training program on repeated-sprint ability, leg power and jump performance of elite handball players
Hermassi, Souhail, Gabbett, Tim J., Ingebrigtsen, Jørgen, van den Tillaar, Roland, Chelly, Mohamed and Chamari, Karim. 2014. "Effects of a short-term in-season plyometric training program on repeated-sprint ability, leg power and jump performance of elite handball players." International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching. 9 (5), pp. 1205-1216. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.9.5.1205
The effect of ball carrying on the sprinting speed of international rugby union players
Barr, Matthew J., Sheppard, Jeremy M., Gabbett, Tim J. and Newton, Robert U.. 2015. "The effect of ball carrying on the sprinting speed of international rugby union players." International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching. 10 (1), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.10.1.1
Effect of different between-match recovery times on the activity profiles and injury rates of national rugby league players
Murray, Nick B., Gabbett, Tim J. and Chamari, Karim. 2014. "Effect of different between-match recovery times on the activity profiles and injury rates of national rugby league players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 28 (12), pp. 3476-3483. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000603
Match intensity and pacing strategies in rugby league: an examination of whole-game and interchanged players, and winning and losing teams
Black, Georgia M. and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2014. "Match intensity and pacing strategies in rugby league: an examination of whole-game and interchanged players, and winning and losing teams." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 28 (6), pp. 1507-1516.
Are three contact efforts really reflective of a repeated high-intensity effort bout?
Johnston, Rich D., Gabbett, Tim J., Walker, Shane, Walker, Ben and Jenkins, David G.. 2015. "Are three contact efforts really reflective of a repeated high-intensity effort bout?" Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 29 (3), pp. 816-821. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000679
Effect of 8 days of a hypergravity condition on the sprinting speed and lower-body power of elite rugby players
Barr, Matthew J., Gabbett, Tim J., Newton, Robert U. and Sheppard, Jeremy M.. 2015. "Effect of 8 days of a hypergravity condition on the sprinting speed and lower-body power of elite rugby players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 29 (3), pp. 722-729. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000669
Muscular strength and power correlates of tackling ability in semiprofessional rugby league players
Speranza, Michael J. A., Gabbett, Tim J., Johnston, Rich D. and Sheppard, Jeremy M.. 2015. "Muscular strength and power correlates of tackling ability in semiprofessional rugby league players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 29 (8), pp. 2071-2078. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000897
Activity profile of high-level Australian lacrosse players
Polley, Chris S., Cormack, Stuart J., Gabbett, Tim J. and Polglaze, Ted. 2015. "Activity profile of high-level Australian lacrosse players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 29 (1), pp. 126-136. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000599
Reliability of a cycle ergometer peak power test in running-based team sport athletes: a technical report
Wehbe, George M., Gabbett, Tim J., Hartwig, Timothy B. and McLellan, Christopher P.. 2015. "Reliability of a cycle ergometer peak power test in running-based team sport athletes: a technical report." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 29 (7), pp. 2050-2055. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000814
Influence of ball-in-play time on the activity profiles of rugby league match-play
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2015. "Influence of ball-in-play time on the activity profiles of rugby league match-play." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 29 (3), pp. 716-721. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000446
Activity and recovery profiles of state-of-origin and national rugby league match-play
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2015. "Activity and recovery profiles of state-of-origin and national rugby league match-play." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 29 (3), pp. 708-715. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000449
Relationship between accelerometer load, collisions, and repeated high-intensity effort activity in rugby league players
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2015. "Relationship between accelerometer load, collisions, and repeated high-intensity effort activity in rugby league players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 29 (12), pp. 3424-3431. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001017
Use of relative speed zones increases the high-speed running performed in team sport match play
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2015. "Use of relative speed zones increases the high-speed running performed in team sport match play." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 29 (12), pp. 3353-3359. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001016
Activity cycles of national rugby league and national youth competition matches
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2012. "Activity cycles of national rugby league and national youth competition matches." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 26 (6), pp. 1517-1523. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318236d050
Physiological responses to an intensified period of rugby league competition
Johnston, Rich D., Gibson, Neil V., Twist, Craig, Gabbett, Tim J., MacNay, Sophie A. and MacFarlane, Niall G.. 2013. "Physiological responses to an intensified period of rugby league competition." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 27 (3), pp. 643-654. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31825bb469
Reliability and sensitivity of a repeated high-intensity exercise performance test for rugby league and rugby union
Austin, Damien J., Gabbett, Tim J. and Jenkins, David G.. 2013. "Reliability and sensitivity of a repeated high-intensity exercise performance test for rugby league and rugby union." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 27 (4), pp. 1128-1135. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31825fe941
Relationship between tests of physical qualities and physical match performance in elite rugby league players
Gabbett, Tim J., Stein, Josh G., Kemp, Justin G. and Lorenzen, Christian. 2013. "Relationship between tests of physical qualities and physical match performance in elite rugby league players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 27 (6), pp. 1539-1545. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318274f236
Influence of the opposing team on the physical demands of elite rugby league match play
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2013. "Influence of the opposing team on the physical demands of elite rugby league match play." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 27 (6), pp. 1629-1635. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318274f30e
Activity and recovery cycles of national rugby league matches involving higher and lower ranked teams
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2013. "Activity and recovery cycles of national rugby league matches involving higher and lower ranked teams." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 27 (6), pp. 1623-1628. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318274f2af
Quantifying the physical demands of collision sports: does microsensor technology measure what it claims to measure?
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2013. "Quantifying the physical demands of collision sports: does microsensor technology measure what it claims to measure?" Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 27 (8), pp. 2319-2322. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318277fd21
Relationship between tests of physical qualities, team selection, and physical match performance in semiprofessional rugby league players
Gabbett, Tim J. and Seibold, Anthony J.. 2013. "Relationship between tests of physical qualities, team selection, and physical match performance in semiprofessional rugby league players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 27 (12), pp. 3259-3265. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31828d6219
Match analysis and temporal patterns of fatigue in rugby sevens
Granatelli, Giampietro, Gabbett, Tim J., Briotti, Gianluca, Padulo, Johnny, Buglione, Antonio, D'ottavio, Stefano and Ruscello, Bruno. 2014. "Match analysis and temporal patterns of fatigue in rugby sevens." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 28 (3), pp. 728-734. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31829d23c3
Small-sided games in team sports training: a brief review
Halouani, Jamel, Chtourou, Hamdi, Gabbett, Tim, Chaouachi, Anis and Chamari, Karim. 2014. "Small-sided games in team sports training: a brief review." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 28 (12), pp. 3594-3618. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000564
Accelerometer and GPS-derived running loads and injury risk in elite Australian footballers
Colby, Marcus J., Dawson, Brian, Heasman, Jarryd, Rogalski, Brent and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2014. "Accelerometer and GPS-derived running loads and injury risk in elite Australian footballers." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 28 (8), pp. 2244-2252. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000362
Long-term training-induced changes in sprinting speed and sprint momentum in elite rugby union players
Barr, Matthew J., Sheppard, Jeremy M., Gabbett, Tim J. and Newton, Robert U.. 2014. "Long-term training-induced changes in sprinting speed and sprint momentum in elite rugby union players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 28 (10), pp. 2724-2731. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000364
Physical demands of training and competition in collegiate netball players
Chandler, Phillip T., Pinder, Sarah J., Curran, Jourdan D. and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2014. "Physical demands of training and competition in collegiate netball players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 28 (10), pp. 2732-2737. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000486
Influence of wrestling on the physiological and skill demands of small-sided games
Gabbett, Tim J., Jenkins, David G. and Abernethy, Bruce. 2012. "Influence of wrestling on the physiological and skill demands of small-sided games." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 26 (1), pp. 113-120. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31821d97f4
Sprinting patterns of national rugby league competition
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2012. "Sprinting patterns of national rugby league competition." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 26 (1), pp. 121-130. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31821e4c60
Influence of field size on the physiological and skill demands of small-sided games in junior and senior rugby league players
Gabbett, Tim J., Abernethy, Bruce and Jenkins, David G.. 2012. "Influence of field size on the physiological and skill demands of small-sided games in junior and senior rugby league players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 26 (2), pp. 487-491. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318225a371
Global positioning system data analysis: velocity ranges and a new definition of sprinting for field sport athletes
Dwyer, Dan B. and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2012. "Global positioning system data analysis: velocity ranges and a new definition of sprinting for field sport athletes." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 26 (3), pp. 818-824. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182276555
Relationship between running loads and soft-tissue injury in elite team sport athletes
Gabbett, Tim J. and Ullah, Shahid. 2012. "Relationship between running loads and soft-tissue injury in elite team sport athletes." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 26 (4), pp. 953-960. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182302023
Tackling in a professional rugby league
Austin, Damien, Gabbett, Tim and Jenkins, David. 2011. "Tackling in a professional rugby league." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 25 (6), pp. 1659-1663. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181da781c
Correlates of tackling ability in highperformance rugby league players
Gabbett, Tim J., Jenkins, David G. and Abernethy, Bruce. 2011. "Correlates of tackling ability in highperformance rugby league players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 25 (1), pp. 72-79. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181ff506f
Physical collisions and injury in professional rugby league match-play
Gabbett, Tim J., Jenkins, David G. and Abernethy, Bruce. 2011. "Physical collisions and injury in professional rugby league match-play." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 14 (3), pp. 210-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2011.01.002
Relationship between training load and injury in professional rugby league players
Gabbett, Tim J. and Jenkins, David G.. 2011. "Relationship between training load and injury in professional rugby league players." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 14 (3), pp. 204-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2010.12.002
Repeated high-intensity exercise in a professional rugby league
Austin, Damien J., Gabbett, Tim J. and Jenkins, David J.. 2011. "Repeated high-intensity exercise in a professional rugby league." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 25 (7), pp. 1898-1904. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e83a5b
Repeated-sprint and effort ability in rugby league players
Johnston, Rich D. and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2011. "Repeated-sprint and effort ability in rugby league players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 25 (10), pp. 2789-2795. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31820f5023
Physical demands of professional rugby league training and competition using microtechnology
Gabbett, Tim J., Jenkins, David G. and Abernethy, Bruce. 2012. "Physical demands of professional rugby league training and competition using microtechnology." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 15 (1), pp. 80-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2011.07.004
Identifying risk factors for contact injury in professional rugby league players - application of a frailty model for recurrent injury
Gabbett, Tim J., Ullah, Shahid and Finch, Caroline F.. 2012. "Identifying risk factors for contact injury in professional rugby league players - application of a frailty model for recurrent injury." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 15 (6), pp. 496-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.03.017
Influence of an intensified competition on fatigue and match performance in junior rugby league players
Johnston, Rich D., Gabbett, Tim J. and Jenkins, David G.. 2013. "Influence of an intensified competition on fatigue and match performance in junior rugby league players." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 16 (5), pp. 460-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.10.009
Training and game loads and injury risk in elite Australian footballers
Rogalski, Brent, Dawson, Brian, Heasman, Jarryd and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2013. "Training and game loads and injury risk in elite Australian footballers." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 16 (6), pp. 499-503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.12.004
Influence of field position and phase of play on the physical demands of match-play in professional rugby league forwards
Gabbett, Tim J., Polley, Chris, Dwyer, Dan B., Kearney, Simon and Corvo, Alex. 2014. "Influence of field position and phase of play on the physical demands of match-play in professional rugby league forwards." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 17 (5), pp. 556-561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2013.08.002
Influence of physical contact on neuromuscular fatigue and markers of muscle damage following small-sided games
Johnston, Rich D., Gabbett, Tim J., Seibold, Anthony J. and Jenkins, David G.. 2014. "Influence of physical contact on neuromuscular fatigue and markers of muscle damage following small-sided games." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 17 (5), pp. 535-540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2013.07.018
Physical qualities and activity profiles of sub-elite and recreational Australian football players
Stein, Josh G., Gabbett, Tim J., Townshend, Andrew D. and Dawson, Brian T.. 2015. "Physical qualities and activity profiles of sub-elite and recreational Australian football players." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 18 (6), pp. 742-747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.10.008
Influence of physical qualities on post-match fatigue in rugby league players
Johnston, Rich D., Gabbett, Tim J., Jenkins, David G. and Hulin, Billy T.. 2015. "Influence of physical qualities on post-match fatigue in rugby league players." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 18 (2), pp. 209-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.01.009
Understanding mismatches in body size, speed and power among adolescent rugby union players
Krause, Lyndon M., Naughton, Geraldine A., Denny, Greg, Patton, Declan, Hartwig, Tim and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2015. "Understanding mismatches in body size, speed and power among adolescent rugby union players." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 18 (3), pp. 358-363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.05.012
The effect of intense exercise periods on physical and technical performance during elite Australian football match-play: a comparison of experienced and less experienced players
Black, Georgia M., Gabbett, Tim J., Naughton, Geraldine A. and McLean, Blake D.. 2016. "The effect of intense exercise periods on physical and technical performance during elite Australian football match-play: a comparison of experienced and less experienced players." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 19 (7), pp. 596-602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2015.07.007
Wearable microtechnology can accurately identify collision events during professional rugby league match-play
Hulin, Billy T., Gabbett, Tim J., Johnston, Rich D. and Jenkins, David G.. 2017. "Wearable microtechnology can accurately identify collision events during professional rugby league match-play." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 20 (7), pp. 638-642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2016.11.006
Effects of physical, technical, and tactical factors on final ladder position in semiprofessional rugby league
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2014. "Effects of physical, technical, and tactical factors on final ladder position in semiprofessional rugby league." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 9 (4), pp. 680-688. https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSPP.2013-0253
Influence of playing standard on the physical demands of junior rugby league tournament match-play
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2014. "Influence of playing standard on the physical demands of junior rugby league tournament match-play." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 17 (2), pp. 212-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2013.03.013
The acute:chronic workload ratio predicts injury: high chronic workload may decrease injury risk in elite rugby league players
Hulin, Billy T., Gabbett, Tim J., Lawson, Daniel W., Caputi, Peter and Sampson, John A.. 2016. "The acute:chronic workload ratio predicts injury: high chronic workload may decrease injury risk in elite rugby league players." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50 (4), pp. 231-236. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-094817
The training-injury prevention paradox: should athletes be training smarter and harder?
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2016. "The training-injury prevention paradox: should athletes be training smarter and harder?" British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50 (5), pp. 273-280. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095788
Low chronic workload and the acute: chronic workload ratio are more predictive of injury than between-match recovery time: a two-season prospective cohort study in elite rugby league players
Hulin, Billy T., Gabbett, Tim J., Caputi, Peter, Lawson, Daniel W. and Sampson, John A.. 2016. "Low chronic workload and the acute: chronic workload ratio are more predictive of injury than between-match recovery time: a two-season prospective cohort study in elite rugby league players." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50 (16), pp. 1008-1012. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095364
Monitoring team sport athletes using global positioning system technology
Twist, Craig, Waldron, Mark, Worsfold, Paul and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2013. "Monitoring team sport athletes using global positioning system technology." Hsueh, Y.-H. (ed.) Global positioning systems: signal structure, applications and sources of error and biases. New York. Nova Science Publishers. pp. 95-113
Has the athlete trained enough to return to play safely? The acute:chronic workload ratio permits clinicians to quantify a player's risk of subsequent injury
Blanch, Peter and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2016. "Has the athlete trained enough to return to play safely? The acute:chronic workload ratio permits clinicians to quantify a player's risk of subsequent injury." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50 (8), pp. 471-475. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095445
Calculating acute: chronic workload ratios using exponentially weighted moving averages provides a more sensitive indicator of injury likelihood than rolling averages
Murray, Nicholas B., Gabbett, Tim J., Townshend, Andrew D. and Blanch, Peter. 2017. "Calculating acute: chronic workload ratios using exponentially weighted moving averages provides a more sensitive indicator of injury likelihood than rolling averages." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 51 (9), pp. 749-754. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-097152
The acute:chronic workload ratio in relation to injury risk in professional soccer
Malone, Shane, Owen, Adam, Newton, Matt, Mendes, Bruno, Collins, Kieran D. and Gabbett, Tim J.. 2017. "The acute:chronic workload ratio in relation to injury risk in professional soccer." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 20 (6), pp. 561-565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2016.10.014
Influence of fatigue on tackling ability in rugby league players: role of muscular strength, endurance, and aerobic qualities
Gabbett, Tim J.. 2016. "Influence of fatigue on tackling ability in rugby league players: role of muscular strength, endurance, and aerobic qualities." PLoS One. 11 (10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163161
Effect of high-speed running on hamstring strain injury risk
Duhig, Steven, Shield, Anthony J., Opar, David, Gabbett, Tim J., Ferguson, Cameron and Williams, Morgan. 2016. "Effect of high-speed running on hamstring strain injury risk." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50 (24), pp. 1536-1540. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095679