Developmental Training Model for the Sport Specialized Youth Athlete: A Dynamic Strategy for Individualizing Load-Response During Maturation
Article
Article Title | Developmental Training Model for the Sport Specialized Youth Athlete: A Dynamic Strategy for Individualizing Load-Response During Maturation |
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ERA Journal ID | 123365 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Jayanthi, Neeru (Author), Schley, Stacey (Author), Cumming, Sean P. (Author), Myer, Gregory D. (Author), Saffel, Heather (Author), Hartwig, Tim (Author) and Gabbett, Tim J. (Author) |
Journal Title | Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach |
Journal Citation | 14 (1), pp. 142-153 |
Number of Pages | 12 |
Year | 2022 |
Publisher | SAGE Publications Ltd |
Place of Publication | United States |
ISSN | 1941-0921 |
1941-7381 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381211056088 |
Web Address (URL) | https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/19417381211056088 |
Abstract | Context: Most available data on athletic development training models focus on adult or professional athletes, where increasing workload capacity and performance is a primary goal. Development pathways in youth athletes generally emphasize multisport participation rather than sport specialization to optimize motor skill acquisition and to minimize injury risk. Other models emphasize the need for accumulation of sport- and skill-specific hours to develop elite-level status. Despite recommendations against sport specialization, many youth athletes still specialize and need guidance on training and competition. Medical and sport professionals also recommend progressive, gradual increases in workloads to enhance resilience to the demands of high-level competition. There is no accepted model of risk stratification and return to play for training a specialized youth athlete through periods of injury and maturation. In this review, we present individualized training models for specialized youth athletes that (1) prioritize performance for healthy, resilient youth athletes and (2) are adaptable through vulnerable maturational periods and injury. Evidence Acquisition: Non-systematic review with critical appraisal of existing literature. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Results: A number of factors must be considered when developing training programs for young athletes: (1) the effect of sport specialization on athlete development and injury, (2) biological maturation, (3) motor and coordination deficits in specialized youth athletes, and (4) workload progressions and response to load. Conclusion: Load-sensitive athletes with multiple risk factors may need medical evaluation, frequent monitoring, and a program designed to restore local tissue and sport-specific capacity. Load-niave athletes, who are often skeletally immature, will likely benefit from serial monitoring and should train and compete with caution, while load-tolerant athletes may only need occasional monitoring and progress to optimum loads. |
Keywords | competition; injury prevention; single sport; young athlete |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 420799. Sports science and exercise not elsewhere classified |
Public Notes | Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
Byline Affiliations | Emory University, United States |
University of Bath, United Kingdom | |
Beacon Bone Joint Specialists, United States | |
Australian Catholic University | |
Centre for Health Research |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q6x1q/developmental-training-model-for-the-sport-specialized-youth-athlete-a-dynamic-strategy-for-individualizing-load-response-during-maturation
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