The Keys to Controlling Wheat Rusts: Identification and Deployment of Genetic Resistance
Article
Norman, Michael, Bariana, Harbans, Bansal, Urmil and Periyannan, Sambasivam. 2023. "The Keys to Controlling Wheat Rusts: Identification and Deployment of Genetic Resistance." Phytopathology: International Journal of the American Phytopathological Society. 113 (4), pp. 667-677. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-02-23-0041-IA
| Article Title | The Keys to Controlling Wheat Rusts: Identification and Deployment of Genetic Resistance |
|---|---|
| ERA Journal ID | 2639 |
| Article Category | Article |
| Authors | Norman, Michael, Bariana, Harbans, Bansal, Urmil and Periyannan, Sambasivam |
| Journal Title | Phytopathology: International Journal of the American Phytopathological Society |
| Journal Citation | 113 (4), pp. 667-677 |
| Number of Pages | 11 |
| Year | 2023 |
| Publisher | American Phytopathological Society |
| Place of Publication | United States |
| ISSN | 0031-949X |
| 1943-7684 | |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-02-23-0041-IA |
| Web Address (URL) | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/abs/10.1094/PHYTO-02-23-0041-IA |
| Abstract | Rust diseases are among the major constraints for wheat production worldwide due to the emergence and spread of highly destructive races of Puccinia. The most common approach to minimize yield losses due to rust is to use cultivars that are genetically resistant. Modern wheat cultivars, landraces, and wild relatives can contain undiscovered resistance genes, which typically encode kinase or nucleotide-binding site leucine rich repeat (NLR) domain containing receptor proteins. Recent research has shown that these genes can provide either resistance in all growth stages (all-stage resistance; ASR) or specially in later growth stages (adult-plant resistance; APR). ASR genes are pathogen and race-specific, meaning can function against selected races of the Puccinia fungus due to the necessity to recognize specific avirulence molecules in the pathogen. APR genes are either pathogen-specific or multipathogen resistant but often race-nonspecific. Prediction of resistance genes through rust infection screening alone remains complex when more than one resistance gene is present. However, breakthroughs during the past half century such as the single-nucleotide polymorphism-based genotyping techniques and resistance gene isolation strategies like mutagenesis, resistance gene enrichment, and sequencing (MutRenSeq), mutagenesis and chromosome sequencing (MutChromSeq), and association genetics combined with RenSeq (AgRenSeq) enables rapid transfer of resistance from source to modern cultivars. There is a strong need for combining multiple genes for better efficacy and longer-lasting resistance. Hence, techniques like gene cassette creation speeds up the gene combination process, but their widespread adoption and commercial use is limited due to their transgenic nature. |
| Keywords | disease resistance; genetics; fungal pathogens; genomics |
| ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 300103. Agricultural molecular engineering of nucleic acids and proteins |
| Public Notes | Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
| Byline Affiliations | Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia |
| University of Sydney | |
| Western Sydney University | |
| School of Agriculture and Environmental Science | |
| Centre for Crop Health |
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