A comprehensive study on the failure mechanisms and integrity of sheath protected rock bolts when subject to axial deformation
Technical report
Title | A comprehensive study on the failure mechanisms and integrity of sheath protected rock bolts when subject to axial deformation |
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Report Type | Technical report |
Research Report Category | Industry |
Authors | Mirzaghorbanali, Ali and Nourizadeh, Hadi |
Editors | Diederichs, M.S., Ching, I., Acherya, K., Miller, D., Leong, S. and Lorenza, S. |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
Number of Pages | 39 |
Year | 2023 |
Publisher | University of Southern Queensland |
Place of Publication | Australia |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.26192/zx486 |
Abstract | This report presents results from five large-scale pull-out tests conducted on CT24 and CT26WR cable bolts encapsulated in Stabilcem T grout, as part of the Snowy Hydro Project 2. The experimental program used double-embedment configurations (900–100 mm and 500–500 mm) to assess elongation, bond degradation, and failure mechanisms under axial loading. Bolts were fully instrumented with strain gauges and LVDTs to monitor stress distribution and joint displacement. Tests were terminated at either bolt failure or when 2.5% system elongation was achieved. Failure modes varied from circumferential grout cracking and sheath slip to full bolt rupture under maximum load. Post-test specimen sectioning confirmed the primary failure interfaces and grout damage patterns. The study enhances understanding of axial deformation behaviour in grouted rock bolts and provides valuable data to inform elongation capacity design, installation practices, and support specification for underground infrastructure. |
Keywords | ground support performance; Rock bolts; elongation; axial load transfer; double embedment testing; pull-out test; CT24; CT26WR; grout–sheath interface; bond strength; circumferential cracking; strain gauges; Stabilcem T; cable bolt failure; tunnelling support |
Contains Sensitive Content | Does not contain sensitive content |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 401902. Geomechanics and resources geotechnical engineering |
Public Notes | Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
Byline Affiliations | Centre for Future Materials |
School of Engineering | |
Centre for Future Materials (Research) |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/zx486/a-comprehensive-study-on-the-failure-mechanisms-and-integrity-of-sheath-protected-rock-bolts-when-subject-to-axial-deformation
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