Survival of root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei) after wheat growth in a vertisol is influenced by rate of progressive soil desiccation
Article
Article Title | Survival of root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei) after wheat growth in a vertisol is influenced by rate of progressive soil desiccation |
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ERA Journal ID | 5176 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Thompson, J. P. (Author), Rostad, H. E. (Author) and Whish, J. P. M. (Author) |
Journal Title | Annals of Applied Biology |
Journal Citation | 170 (1), pp. 78-88 |
Number of Pages | 11 |
Year | 2017 |
Publisher | John Wiley & Sons |
Place of Publication | United Kingdom |
ISSN | 0003-4746 |
1744-7348 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12316 |
Web Address (URL) | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aab.12316/full |
Abstract | The root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei is a major pathogen of wheat in the subtropical grain region of eastern Australia. Experiments were conducted to learn whether soil desiccation can account for the rapid fall in peak P. thornei population densities noted in the field after wheat matures. The decline in population densities of P. thornei after growth of wheat was measured on progressive desiccation of soil with roots by fast and slow drying methods. The vertisolic soil of initial moisture content 45% w/w (or matric potential of pF 3.3) was dried in 5% decrements to an air-dried gravimetric moisture content of 15% (pF 5.6) taking 10.7 hours for fast drying and 91.5 hours for slow drying. After drying, live nematodes were extracted with Whitehead trays for 2 and 7 days and counted in four life stages (adults and juvenile stages J2, J3 and J4). Fast drying resulted in a sigmoidal decline in total P. thornei with only 5% of the population alive in soil at 15% moisture content, but slow drying had no significant effect on the population density. The percentage of nematodes extracted at 2 days compared with the total extracted over 7 days in undried soil (~89% of total) declined quadratically on desiccation to be 48% (fast drying) and 78% (slow drying) at 15% moisture content. With fast drying, the proportion of adults and J2 decreased whereas the proportion of J4 increased as the soil dried. With slow drying, the proportion of J2 and J3 stages decreased while the proportion of J4 increased. Thus the J4 or pre-adult was the life stage most tolerant of soil desiccation. Time is required for P. thornei to go into a state of anhydrobiosis as a soil dries and this information can be used to model P. thornei survival in the field based on environmental parameters. |
Keywords | anhydrobiosis, nematode population dynamics, Pratylenchus thornei, root-lesion nematode, soil desiccation, wheat |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 300409. Crop and pasture protection (incl. pests, diseases and weeds) |
Public Notes | Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
Byline Affiliations | Centre for Crop Health |
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia | |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
Funding source | Grant ID GRDC |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q3ww9/survival-of-root-lesion-nematodes-pratylenchus-thornei-after-wheat-growth-in-a-vertisol-is-influenced-by-rate-of-progressive-soil-desiccation
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