Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi acted synergistically with Bradyrhizobium sp. to improve nodulation, nitrogen fixation, plant growth and seed yield of mung bean (Vigna radiata) but increased the population density of the root‑lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei

Article

Gough, Elaine C., Owen, Kirsty J., Zwart, Rebecca S. and Thompson, John P.. 2021. "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi acted synergistically with Bradyrhizobium sp. to improve nodulation, nitrogen fixation, plant growth and seed yield of mung bean (Vigna radiata) but increased the population density of the root‑lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei." Plant and Soil: international journal on plant-soil relationships. 465 (1-2), pp. 431-452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-05007-7
Article Title

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi acted synergistically
with Bradyrhizobium sp. to improve nodulation, nitrogen
fixation, plant growth and seed yield of mung bean
(Vigna radiata) but increased the population density
of the root‑lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei

ERA Journal ID2642
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsGough, Elaine C. (Author), Owen, Kirsty J. (Author), Zwart, Rebecca S. (Author) and Thompson, John P. (Author)
Journal TitlePlant and Soil: international journal on plant-soil relationships
Journal Citation465 (1-2), pp. 431-452
Number of Pages22
Year2021
PublisherSpringer
Place of PublicationNetheralnds
ISSN0032-079X
1573-5036
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-05007-7
Web Address (URL)https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11104-021-05007-7
Abstract

Purpose
Mung bean is a host of the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei (Sher & Allen) and the beneficial symbionts arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and nitrogen fixing Bradyrhizobium bacteria. The purpose of this research was to investigate interactions among these organisms affecting their reproduction and functional impact on mung bean nodulation, nutrition, biological nitrogen fixation, growth and seed yield.

Methods
A glasshouse experiment was conducted with mung bean in pots of a pasteurised vertisol using a factorial design of treatments to investigate the interactive effects of AMF, Bradyrhizobium and P. thornei. The plants were assessed at 6 and 12 weeks after sowing for variables of shoot biomass, seed yield, nodulation, P. thornei population density, AMF colonisation of the roots, and nutrients in the plant shoot, including nitrogen isotope natural abundance (δ15N) to quantify fixed nitrogen.

Results
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia acted synergistically to substantially increase nodulation, nitrogen fixation, nutrition, seed yield and biomass of the plants. The population density of P. thornei in roots of the mung bean at 12 weeks increased in plants inoculated with AMF and was positively correlated with plant nutrition namely increased phosphorus, zinc and copper concentrations in the plant shoot.

Conclusion
Understanding these interactions should inform changes in agronomic practices, to promote the synergism between mycorrhiza and rhizobia for mung bean yield, while managing to limit P. thornei population densities to benefit mung bean itself and subsequent crops in the farming system.

KeywordsArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Bradyrhizobium; Pratylenchus thornei; microbiota plant interactions; Vigna radiata; synergy
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020310805. Plant pathology
300409. Crop and pasture protection (incl. pests, diseases and weeds)
300407. Crop and pasture nutrition
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Byline AffiliationsCentre for Crop Health
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q6620/arbuscular-mycorrhizal-fungi-acted-synergistically-with-bradyrhizobium-sp-to-improve-nodulation-nitrogen-fixation-plant-growth-and-seed-yield-of-mung-bean-vigna-radiata-but-increased-the-population

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Rodda, M. S., Hobson, K. B., Forknall, C. R., Daniel, R. P., Fanning, J. P., Pounsett, D. D., Simpfendorfer, S., Moore, K. J., Owen, K. J., Sheedy, J. G., Thompson, J. P., Hollaway, G. J. and Slater, A. T.. 2016. "Highly heritable resistance to root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) in Australian chickpea germplasm observed using an optimised glasshouse method and multi-environment trial analysis." Australasian Plant Pathology. 45 (3), pp. 309-319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-016-0409-4
Modelling population densities of root-lesion nemaotde (Pratylenchus thornei) from soil profile temperatures to choose an optimum sowing date for wheat in a subtropical region
Thompson, J. P.. 2015. "Modelling population densities of root-lesion nemaotde (Pratylenchus thornei) from soil profile temperatures to choose an optimum sowing date for wheat in a subtropical region." Field Crops Research. 183, pp. 50-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.07.005
Temperature response of root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) reproduction on wheat cultivars has implications for resistance screening and wheat production
Thompson, J. P., Clewett, T. G. and O'Reilly, M. M.. 2015. "Temperature response of root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) reproduction on wheat cultivars has implications for resistance screening and wheat production." Annals of Applied Biology. 167 (1), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12187
Optimising initial population density, growth time and nitrogen nutrition for assessing resistance of wheat cutivars to root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei)
Thompson, J. P., Clewett, T. G. and O'Reilly, M. M.. 2015. "Optimising initial population density, growth time and nitrogen nutrition for assessing resistance of wheat cutivars to root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei)." Australasian Plant Pathology. 44 (2), pp. 133-147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-015-0347-6
Wheat biomass and yield increased when populations of the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) were reduced through sequential rotation of partially resistant winter and summer crops
Owen, K. J., Clewett, T. G., Bell, K. L. and Thompson, J. P.. 2014. "Wheat biomass and yield increased when populations of the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) were reduced through sequential rotation of partially resistant winter and summer crops." Crop and Pasture Science. 65 (3), pp. 227-241. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP13295
Cereal cultivars can be ranked consistently for resistance to root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei & P. neglectus) using diverse procedures
Sheedy, J. G., McKay, A. C., Lewis, J., Vanstone, V. A., Fletcher, S., Kelly, A. and Thompson, J. P.. 2015. "Cereal cultivars can be ranked consistently for resistance to root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei & P. neglectus) using diverse procedures." Australasian Plant Pathology. 44 (2), pp. 175-182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-014-0333-4
Root-lesion nematodes - crop rotations and varietal impacts on nematode populations
Owen, Kirsty, Clewett, Tim, Reen, Ros, Sheedy, Jason and Thompson, John. 2011. "Root-lesion nematodes - crop rotations and varietal impacts on nematode populations." 2011 GRDC Advisor Update, Goondiwindi. Goondiwindi, Australia 02 - 03 Mar 2011 Canberra, Australia.
Pre-breeding wheat for resistance to root-lesion nematodes
Thompson, John, Sheedy, Jason, Robinson, Neil, Reen, Ros, Clewett, Tim and Lin, Jing. 2012. "Pre-breeding wheat for resistance to root-lesion nematodes." 2012 GRDC Grains Research Update, Goondiwindi. Goondiwindi, Australia 12 Apr 2012 Canberra, Australia.
Summer crop decisions and root lesion nematodes
Owen, Kirsty, Clewett, Tim and Thompson, John. 2013. "Summer crop decisions and root lesion nematodes." 2013 GRDC Grains Research Update, Bellata and Inglestone. Bellata and Inglestone, Australia 16 Jul 2013 Canberra, Australia.
Latest nematode summer and winter crop rotation results
Owen, Kirsty, Clewett, Tim and Thompson, John. 2014. "Latest nematode summer and winter crop rotation results." 2014 GRDC Grains Research Update, Goondiwindi. Goondiwindi, Australia 04 Mar 2014 Canberra, Australia.
How nematodes reduce yield
Whish, J. P. M., Thompson, J. P., Clewett, T. G., Lawrence, J. L. and Wood, J.. 2014. "How nematodes reduce yield." 2014 GRDC Grains Research Update, Goondiwindi. Goondiwindi, Australia 04 Mar 2014 Canberra, Australia.
Resistance to root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) in synthetic hexaploid wheats and their durum and Aegilops tauschii parents
Thompson, J. P.. 2008. "Resistance to root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) in synthetic hexaploid wheats and their durum and Aegilops tauschii parents." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 59 (5), pp. 432-446. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR07222
Field inoculation with arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi overcomes phosphorus and zinc deficiencies of linseed (Linum usitatissimum) in a vertisol subject to long-fallow disorder
Thompson, J. P., Clewett, T. G. and Fiske, M. L.. 2013. "Field inoculation with arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi overcomes phosphorus and zinc deficiencies of linseed (Linum usitatissimum) in a vertisol subject to long-fallow disorder." Plant and Soil: international journal on plant-soil relationships. 371 (1-2), pp. 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1679-z
QTL mapping of multiple foliar disease and root-lesion nematode resistances in wheat
Zwart, R. S., Thompson, J. P., Milgate, A. W., Bansal, U. K., Williamson, P. M., Raman, H. and Bariana, H. S.. 2010. "QTL mapping of multiple foliar disease and root-lesion nematode resistances in wheat." Molecular Breeding: new strategies in plant improvement. 26 (1), pp. 107-124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-009-9381-9
Inheritance of resistance to root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) in five doubled-haploid populations of wheat
Thompson, John P., Zwart, Rebecca S. and Butler, David. 2012. "Inheritance of resistance to root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) in five doubled-haploid populations of wheat." Euphytica: international journal on plant breeding. 188 (2), pp. 209-219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-012-0689-x
Crop rotation for the management of root-lesion nematodes in the northern grain region of Australia
Owen, K., Clewett, T. and Thompson, J.. 2008. "Crop rotation for the management of root-lesion nematodes in the northern grain region of Australia." Hodda, Mike (ed.) 5th International Congress of Nematology (5ICN 2008): Nematodes Down Under. Brisbane, Australia 13 - 18 Jul 2008 Canberra, Australia.
Survey for root-lesion and stunt nematodes in the northern Australian grain region
Thompson, J. P., Clewett, T. G., Reen, R. A., Sheedy, J. G. and O'Reilly, M. M.. 2008. "Survey for root-lesion and stunt nematodes in the northern Australian grain region." Hodda, Mike (ed.) 5th International Congress of Nematology (5ICN 2008): Nematodes Down Under. Brisbane, Australia 13 - 18 Jul 2008 Canberra, Australia.
Crop rotation to replace nematicide treatments for assessing chickpea varietal tolerance to Pratylenchus thornei
Reen, R. A., Clewett, T. G. and Thompson, J. P.. 2008. "Crop rotation to replace nematicide treatments for assessing chickpea varietal tolerance to Pratylenchus thornei." Hodda, Mike (ed.) 5th International Congress of Nematology (5ICN 2008): Nematodes Down Under. Brisbane, Australia 13 - 18 Jul 2008 Canberra, Australia.
Evaluating wheat for tolerance and resistance to root-lesion nematodes
Thompson, J. P., Clewett, T. G., Sheedy, J. G. and Seymour, N. P.. 2008. "Evaluating wheat for tolerance and resistance to root-lesion nematodes." Hodda, Mike (ed.) 5th International Congress of Nematology (5ICN 2008): Nematodes Down Under. Brisbane, Australia 13 - 18 Jul 2008 Canberra, Australia.
Resistance to the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei in wheat landraces and cultivars from the West Asia and North Africa (WANA) region
Thompson, J. P., O'Reilly, M. M. and Clewett, T. G.. 2009. "Resistance to the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei in wheat landraces and cultivars from the West Asia and North Africa (WANA) region." Crop and Pasture Science. 60 (12), pp. 1209-1217. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP09159
Root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus): a review of recent progress in managing a significant pest of grain crops in northern Australia
Thompson, J. P., Owen, K. J., Stirling, G. R. and Bell, M. J.. 2008. "Root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus): a review of recent progress in managing a significant pest of grain crops in northern Australia." Australasian Plant Pathology. 37 (3), pp. 235-242. https://doi.org/10.1071/AP08021
Inheritance of resistance to root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) in wheat landraces and cultivars from the West Asia and North Africa (WANA) region
Thompson, J. P. and Seymour, N. P.. 2011. "Inheritance of resistance to root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) in wheat landraces and cultivars from the West Asia and North Africa (WANA) region." Crop and Pasture Science. 62 (1), pp. 82-93. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP10309
Stunted cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fully recovers biomass and yield of seed cotton after delayed root inoculation with spores of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus mosseae)
Thompson, J. P., Seymour, N. P. and Clewett, T. G.. 2012. "Stunted cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fully recovers biomass and yield of seed cotton after delayed root inoculation with spores of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus mosseae)." Australasian Plant Pathology. 41 (4), pp. 431-437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-012-0137-3
Root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) reduces nutrient response, biomass and yield of wheat in sorghum-fallow-wheat cropping systems in a subtropical environment
Thompson, J. P., Mackenzie, J. and Sheedy, G. H.. 2012. "Root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) reduces nutrient response, biomass and yield of wheat in sorghum-fallow-wheat cropping systems in a subtropical environment." Field Crops Research. 137, pp. 126-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.08.011
Pratylenchus thornei populations reduce water uptake in intolerant wheat cultivars
Whish, J. P. M., Thompson, J. P., Clewett, T. G., Lawrence, J. L. and Wood, J.. 2014. "Pratylenchus thornei populations reduce water uptake in intolerant wheat cultivars." Field Crops Research. 161, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.02.002
Pre-cropping with canola decreased Pratylenchus thornei populations, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and yield of wheat
Owen, K. J., Clewett, T. G. and Thompson, J. P.. 2010. "Pre-cropping with canola decreased Pratylenchus thornei populations, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and yield of wheat." Crop and Pasture Science. 61 (5), pp. 399-410. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP09345
Detection of Polymyxa graminis in a barley crop in Australia
Thompson, J. P., Clewett, T. G., Jennings, R. E., Sheedy, J. G., Owen, K. J. and Persley, D. M.. 2011. "Detection of Polymyxa graminis in a barley crop in Australia." Australasian Plant Pathology. 40 (1), pp. 66-75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-010-0015-9
Hybridisation of Australian chickpea cultivars with wild Cicer spp. increases resistance to root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus)
Thompson, John P., Reen, Roslyn A., Clewett, Timothy G., Sheedy, Jason G., Kelly, Alison M., Gogel, Beverley J. and Knights, Edward J.. 2011. "Hybridisation of Australian chickpea cultivars with wild Cicer spp. increases resistance to root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus)." Australasian Plant Pathology. 40 (6), pp. 601-611. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-011-0089-z
First record of stubby-root nematode (Paratrichodorus porosus) associated with barley in Australia
Sheedy, J. G., Clewett, T. G., Hodda, M. and Thompson, J. P.. 2010. "First record of stubby-root nematode (Paratrichodorus porosus) associated with barley in Australia." Australasian Plant Disease Notes. 5 (1), pp. 66-69. https://doi.org/10.1071/DN10024
Occurrence of root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) and stunt nematode (Merlinius brevidens) in the northern grain region of Australia
Thompson, J. P., Clewett, T. G., Sheedy, J. G., Reen, R. A., O'Reilly, M. M. and Bell, K. L.. 2010. "Occurrence of root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) and stunt nematode (Merlinius brevidens) in the northern grain region of Australia." Australasian Plant Pathology. 39 (3), pp. 254-264. https://doi.org/10.1071/AP09094
Resistance to the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei of Iranian landrace wheat
Sheedy, J. G. and Thompson, J. P.. 2009. "Resistance to the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei of Iranian landrace wheat." Australasian Plant Pathology. 38 (5), pp. 478-489. https://doi.org/10.1071/AP09030
Diploid and tetraploid progenitors of wheat are valuable sources of resistance to the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei
Sheedy, J. G., Thompson, J. P. and Kelly, A.. 2012. "Diploid and tetraploid progenitors of wheat are valuable sources of resistance to the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei." Euphytica: international journal on plant breeding. 186 (2), pp. 377-391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-011-0617-5
Evaluation of genetic diversity of Fusarium head blight resistance in European winter wheat
Zwart, Rebecca S., Muylle, Hilde, Van Bockstaele, Erik and Roldán-Ruiz, Isabel. 2008. "Evaluation of genetic diversity of Fusarium head blight resistance in European winter wheat." Theoretical and Applied Genetics: international journal of plant breeding research. 117 (5), pp. 813-828. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-008-0822-3
Combining ability analysis of Fusarium head blight resistance in western European wheat lines
Zwart, Rebecca S., Muylle, Hilde, Van Huylenbroeck, Johan, Van Bockstaele, Erik and Roldán-Ruiz, Isabel. 2008. "Combining ability analysis of Fusarium head blight resistance in western European wheat lines." Euphytica: international journal on plant breeding. 162 (3), pp. 449-456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-007-9611-3
Mapping quantitative trait loci for resistance to Pratylenchus thornei from synthetic hexaploid wheat in the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) population
Zwart, R. S., Thompson, J. P., Sheedy, J. G. and Nelson, J.. 2006. "Mapping quantitative trait loci for resistance to Pratylenchus thornei from synthetic hexaploid wheat in the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) population." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 57 (5), pp. 525-530. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR05177
Identification of quantitative trait loci for resistance to two species of root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) in wheat
Zwart, R. S., Thompson, J. P. and Godwin, I. D.. 2005. "Identification of quantitative trait loci for resistance to two species of root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) in wheat ." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 56 (4), pp. 345-352. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR04223
Genetic analysis of resistance to root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchusthornei) in wheat
Zwart, R. S., Thompson, J. P. and Godwin, I. D.. 2004. "Genetic analysis of resistance to root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchusthornei) in wheat." Plant Breeding. 123 (3), pp. 209-212. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.00986.x
A benzothiadiazole applied to foliage reduces development and egg deposition by Meloidogyne spp. in glasshouse-grown grapevine roots
Owen, K. J., Green, C.D. and Deverall, B.J.. 2002. "A benzothiadiazole applied to foliage reduces development and egg deposition by Meloidogyne spp. in glasshouse-grown grapevine roots ." Australasian Plant Pathology. 31 (1), pp. 47-53. https://doi.org/10.1071/AP01068