Exploring the multifaceted dynamics of flowering time regulation in field crops: Insight and intervention approaches

Article

Naik, Yogesh Dashrath, Bahuguna, Rajeev N., Garcia-Caparros, Pedro, Zwart, Rebecca S., Reddy, M. S. Sai, Mir, Reyazul Rouf, Jha, Uday Chand, Fakrudin, B., Pandey, Manish K, Challabathula, i, Sharma, Vinay Kumar, Reddy, Umesh K., Kumar, Chanda Venkata Sameer, Mendu, Venugopal, Prasad, P. V. Vara, Punnuri, Somashekhar M., Varshney, Rajeev K. and Thudi, Mahendar. 2025. "Exploring the multifaceted dynamics of flowering time regulation in field crops: Insight and intervention approaches." The Plant Genome. 18 (2). https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.70017
Article Title

Exploring the multifaceted dynamics of flowering time regulation in field crops: Insight and intervention approaches

ERA Journal ID211456
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsNaik, Yogesh Dashrath, Bahuguna, Rajeev N., Garcia-Caparros, Pedro, Zwart, Rebecca S., Reddy, M. S. Sai, Mir, Reyazul Rouf, Jha, Uday Chand, Fakrudin, B., Pandey, Manish K, Challabathula, i, Sharma, Vinay Kumar, Reddy, Umesh K., Kumar, Chanda Venkata Sameer, Mendu, Venugopal, Prasad, P. V. Vara, Punnuri, Somashekhar M., Varshney, Rajeev K. and Thudi, Mahendar
Journal TitleThe Plant Genome
Journal Citation18 (2)
Article Numbere70017
Year2025
PublisherJohn Wiley & Sons
Place of PublicationUnited Kingdom
ISSN1940-3372
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.70017
Web Address (URL)https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/tpg2.70017
AbstractThe flowering time (FTi) plays a critical role in the reproductive success and yield of various crop species by directly impacting both the quality and quantity of grain yield. Achieving optimal FTi is crucial for maximizing reproductive success and ensuring overall agricultural productivity. While genetic factors undoubtedly influence FTi, photoperiodism and vernalization are recognized as key contributors to the complex physiological processes governing flowering in plants. Identifying candidate genes and pathways associated with FTi is essential for developing genomic interventions and plant breeding to enhance adaptability to diverse environmental conditions. This review highlights the intricate nature of the regulatory mechanisms of flowering and emphasizes the vital importance of precisely regulating FTi to ensure plant adaptability and reproductive success. Special attention is given to essential genes, pathways, and genomic interventions geared toward promoting early flowering, particularly under challenging environmental conditions such as drought, heat, and cold stress as well as other abiotic stresses that occur during the critical flowering stage of major field crops. Moreover, this review explores the significant progress achieved in omics technologies, offering valuable insights and tools for deciphering and regulating FTi. In summary, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms governing FTi, with a particular focus on their crucial role in bolstering yields under adverse environmental conditions to safeguard food security.
Keywordsflowering time; agricultural crops
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020300406. Crop and pasture improvement (incl. selection and breeding)
310509. Genomics
Byline AffiliationsDr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, India
National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, India
University of Almeria, Spain
School of Agriculture and Environmental Science
Centre for Crop Health
Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (SKUAST), India
Indian Institute of Pulses Research, India
University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, India
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India
Central University of Tamil Nadu, India
West Virginia University, United States
Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, India
Texas A&M University, United States
Kansas State University, United States
Dr. Fort Valley State University, United States
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Thompson, John P., Zwart, Rebecca S. and Butler, David. 2011. "Estimating number of resistance genes to root-legion nematodes from synthetic hexaploids wheat lines." Wheat Breeding Assembly 2011. Perth, Australia 24 - 26 Aug 2011 Australia.
QTL mapping of multiple foliar disease and root-lesion nematode resistances in wheat
Zwart, R. S., Thompson, J. P., Milgate, A. W., Bansal, U. K., Williamson, P. M., Raman, H. and Bariana, H. S.. 2010. "QTL mapping of multiple foliar disease and root-lesion nematode resistances in wheat." Molecular Breeding: new strategies in plant improvement. 26 (1), pp. 107-124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-009-9381-9
Inheritance of resistance to root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) in five doubled-haploid populations of wheat
Thompson, John P., Zwart, Rebecca S. and Butler, David. 2012. "Inheritance of resistance to root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) in five doubled-haploid populations of wheat." Euphytica: international journal on plant breeding. 188 (2), pp. 209-219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-012-0689-x
Evaluation of genetic diversity of Fusarium head blight resistance in European winter wheat
Zwart, Rebecca S., Muylle, Hilde, Van Bockstaele, Erik and Roldán-Ruiz, Isabel. 2008. "Evaluation of genetic diversity of Fusarium head blight resistance in European winter wheat." Theoretical and Applied Genetics: international journal of plant breeding research. 117 (5), pp. 813-828. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-008-0822-3
Combining ability analysis of Fusarium head blight resistance in western European wheat lines
Zwart, Rebecca S., Muylle, Hilde, Van Huylenbroeck, Johan, Van Bockstaele, Erik and Roldán-Ruiz, Isabel. 2008. "Combining ability analysis of Fusarium head blight resistance in western European wheat lines." Euphytica: international journal on plant breeding. 162 (3), pp. 449-456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-007-9611-3
Mapping quantitative trait loci for resistance to Pratylenchus thornei from synthetic hexaploid wheat in the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) population
Zwart, R. S., Thompson, J. P., Sheedy, J. G. and Nelson, J.. 2006. "Mapping quantitative trait loci for resistance to Pratylenchus thornei from synthetic hexaploid wheat in the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) population." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 57 (5), pp. 525-530. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR05177
Identification of quantitative trait loci for resistance to two species of root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) in wheat
Zwart, R. S., Thompson, J. P. and Godwin, I. D.. 2005. "Identification of quantitative trait loci for resistance to two species of root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus) in wheat ." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 56 (4), pp. 345-352. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR04223
Genetic analysis of resistance to root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchusthornei) in wheat
Zwart, R. S., Thompson, J. P. and Godwin, I. D.. 2004. "Genetic analysis of resistance to root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchusthornei) in wheat." Plant Breeding. 123 (3), pp. 209-212. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.00986.x
Inheritance and mapping of 11 avirulence genes in Phytophthora sojae
May, K.J., Whisson, S.C., Zwart R.S., Searle, I.R., Irwin, J.A.G., Maclean, D.J., Carroll, B.J. and Drenth, A.. 2002. "Inheritance and mapping of 11 avirulence genes in Phytophthora sojae ." Fungal Genetics and Biology. 37 (1), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1087-1845(02)00027-0