Trade-offs between silicon and phenolic defenses may explain enhanced performance of root herbivores on phenolic-rich plants

Article

Frew, Adam, Powell, Jeff R., Sallam, Nader, Allsopp, Peter G. and Johnson, Scott N.. 2016. "Trade-offs between silicon and phenolic defenses may explain enhanced performance of root herbivores on phenolic-rich plants." Journal of Chemical Ecology. 42 (8), pp. 768-771. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-016-0734-7
Article Title

Trade-offs between silicon and phenolic defenses may explain enhanced performance of root herbivores on phenolic-rich plants

ERA Journal ID3270
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsFrew, Adam (Author), Powell, Jeff R. (Author), Sallam, Nader (Author), Allsopp, Peter G. (Author) and Johnson, Scott N. (Author)
Journal TitleJournal of Chemical Ecology
Journal Citation42 (8), pp. 768-771
Number of Pages4
Year2016
PublisherSpringer
Place of PublicationUnited States
ISSN0098-0331
1573-1561
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-016-0734-7
Web Address (URL)https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10886-016-0734-7
Abstract

Phenolic compounds play a role in plant defense against herbivores. For some herbivorous insects, particularly root herbivores, host plants with high phenolic concentrations promote insect performance and tissue consumption. This positive relationship between some insects and phenolics, however, could reflect a negative correlation with other plant defenses acting against insects. Silicon is an important element for plant growth and defense, particularly in grasses, as many grass species take up large amounts of silicon. Negative impact of a high silicon diet on insect herbivore performance has been reported aboveground, but is unreported for belowground herbivores. It has been hypothesized that some silicon accumulating plants exhibit a trade-off between carbon-based defense compounds, such as phenolics, and silicon-based defenses. Here, we investigated the impact of silicon concentrations and total phenolic concentrations in sugarcane roots on the performance of the root-feeding greyback canegrub (Dermolepida albohirtum). Canegrub performance was positively correlated with root phenolics, but negatively correlated with root silicon. We found a negative relationship in the roots between total phenolics and silicon concentrations. This suggests the positive impact of phenolic compounds on some insects may be the effect of lower concentrations of silicon compounds in plant tissue. This is the first demonstration of plant silicon negatively affecting a belowground herbivore.

Keywordscarbon; insect herbivory; phenolics; silicon; sugarcane; trade-off
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020310301. Behavioural ecology
410603. Soil biology
310899. Plant biology not elsewhere classified
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Byline AffiliationsUniversity of Western Sydney
Western Sydney University
Sugar Research Australia, Australia
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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