Aboveground resource allocation in response to root herbivory as affected by the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

Article

Frew, Adam, Powell, Jeff R. and Johnson, Scott N.. 2020. "Aboveground resource allocation in response to root herbivory as affected by the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis." Plant and Soil: international journal on plant-soil relationships. 447 (1-2), pp. 463-473. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04399-x
Article Title

Aboveground resource allocation in response to root herbivory as affected by the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

ERA Journal ID2642
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsFrew, Adam (Author), Powell, Jeff R. (Author) and Johnson, Scott N. (Author)
Journal TitlePlant and Soil: international journal on plant-soil relationships
Journal Citation447 (1-2), pp. 463-473
Number of Pages11
Year2020
PublisherSpringer
Place of PublicationNetherlands
ISSN0032-079X
1573-5036
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04399-x
Web Address (URL)https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11104-019-04399-x
Abstract

Aims
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi associate with the majority of terrestrial plants, influencing their growth, nutrient uptake and defence chemistry. Consequently, AM fungi can significantly impact plant-herbivore interactions, yet surprisingly few studies have investigated how AM fungi affect plant responses to root herbivores. This study aimed to investigate how AM fungi affect plant tolerance mechanisms to belowground herbivory.

Methods
We examined how AM fungi affect plant (Saccharum spp. hybrid) growth, nutrient dynamics and secondary chemistry (phenolics) in response to attack from a root-feeding insect (Dermolepida albohirtum).

Results
Root herbivory reduced root mass by almost 27%. In response, plants augmented investment in aboveground biomass by 25%, as well as increasing carbon concentrations. The AM fungi increased aboveground biomass, phosphorus and carbon. Meanwhile, root herbivory increased foliar phenolics by 31% in mycorrhizal plants, and increased arbuscular colonisation of roots by 75% overall. AM fungi also decreased herbivore performance, potentially via increasing root silicon concentrations.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that AM fungi may be able to augment plant tolerance to root herbivory via resource allocation aboveground and, at the same time, enhance plant root resistance by increasing root silicon. The ability of AM fungi to facilitate resource allocation aboveground in this way may be a more widespread strategy for plants to cope with belowground herbivory.

Keywordsarbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; herbivory; plant defence; tolerance; resource allocation
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020310302. Community ecology (excl. invasive species ecology)
410603. Soil biology
310899. Plant biology not elsewhere classified
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Byline AffiliationsUniversity of Western Sydney
Western Sydney University
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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