Water deficit alters canopy structure but not photosynthesis in regrowing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

Article

Pembleton, Keith, Rawnsley, Richard P., Donaghy, Daniel J. and Volenec, Jeffrey J.. 2009. "Water deficit alters canopy structure but not photosynthesis in regrowing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)." Crop Science: a journal serving the international community of crop scientists. 49 (2), pp. 722-731. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.08.0456
Article Title

Water deficit alters canopy structure but not photosynthesis in regrowing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

ERA Journal ID5305
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsPembleton, Keith, Rawnsley, Richard P., Donaghy, Daniel J. and Volenec, Jeffrey J.
Journal TitleCrop Science: a journal serving the international community of crop scientists
Journal Citation49 (2), pp. 722-731
Number of Pages11
Year2009
PublisherJohn Wiley & Sons
Place of PublicationUnited States
ISSN0011-183X
1435-0653
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.08.0456
Web Address (URL)https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2135/cropsci2008.08.0456
Abstract

Growth of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) following the correction of a water deficit will depend in part on the characteristics of the canopy grown during the water deficit. The current study was undertaken to determine the extent to which canopy structure and photosynthetic capacity are affected in alfalfa plants regrowing following defoliation while exposed to a water deficit. The effects of five levels of water application (100, 75, 50, 25, and 0% of the replacement water requirement) during the regrowth of two alfalfa cultivars with contrasting levels of fall dormancy was investigated in a controlled environment. Mass per shoot and shoots per plant were both significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by water applications 75% or less of the replacement water requirement. Dry matter accumulation was reduced in proportion to the level of the water deficit the plants were exposed to. The rate of CO2 assimilation and maximum efficiency of photosystem II were unaffected (P > 0.05) by water deficits except for the unwatered plants on which leaf senescence occurred. The only inhibition in the plants' capacity for photosynthesis from a water deficit was reduced leaf area. Shoot density and reduced overall canopy photosynthesis were the only canopy characteristics that were altered by water deficit in a way that could continue to inhibit plant growth following the correction of the water deficit.

Keywordsdry matter; Alfalfa; Water deficit
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020300403. Agronomy
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Byline AffiliationsTasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Australia
Purdue University, United States
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Pembleton, K. G.. 2015. "Plantain and chicory could potentially complement the perennial ryegrass dominant dairy feedbase." 17th Australian Agronomy Conference 2015: Building Productive, Diverse and Sustainable Landscapes (AAC 2015). Hobart, Australia 20 - 24 Sep 2015 Hobart.
Comparing within paddock yield variability of perennial ryegrass monocultures and perennial ryegrass, white clover and plantain mixtures using yield mapping
McLaren, David K. and Pembleton, Keith G.. 2015. "Comparing within paddock yield variability of perennial ryegrass monocultures and perennial ryegrass, white clover and plantain mixtures using yield mapping." 17th Australian Agronomy Conference 2015: Building Productive, Diverse and Sustainable Landscapes (AAC 2015). Hobart, Australia 20 - 24 Sep 2015 Australia.
Effect of defoliation management on expression of the ‘high sugar’ cultivar trait in Tasmania
Turner, Lydia R., Donaghy, Daniel J, Pembleton, Keith G. and Rawnsley, Richard P. 2013. "Effect of defoliation management on expression of the ‘high sugar’ cultivar trait in Tasmania." 22nd International Grassland Congress: Revitalising Grasslands to Sustain Our Communities. Sydney, Australia 15 - 19 Sep 2013 Australia.
Effect of nitrogen fertiliser applications on botanical composition
Turner, Lydia R., Donaghy, Daniel J., Pembleton, Keith G. and Rawnsley, Richard P.. 2013. "Effect of nitrogen fertiliser applications on botanical composition." 22nd International Grassland Congress: Revitalising Grasslands to Sustain Our Communities. Sydney, Australia 15 - 19 Sep 2013 Australia.
Impact of grazing on the silage yield of forage oat crops
Pembleton, Keith G., Harrison, Matthew T. and Rawnsley, Richard P.. 2013. "Impact of grazing on the silage yield of forage oat crops." 22nd International Grassland Congress: Revitalising Grasslands to Sustain Our Communities. Sydney, Australia 15 - 19 Sep 2013 Australia.
Early sowing and irrigating of rape crops in cool temperate environments boosts forage yield potential
Harrison, Matthew T., Pembleton, Keith G. and Rawnsley, Richard P.. 2013. "Early sowing and irrigating of rape crops in cool temperate environments boosts forage yield potential." 22nd International Grassland Congress: Revitalising Grasslands to Sustain Our Communities. Sydney, Australia 15 - 19 Sep 2013 Australia.
Frost risk associated with growing maize for silage on Tasmanian dairy farms
Pembleton, Keith. 2012. "Frost risk associated with growing maize for silage on Tasmanian dairy farms." Rawnsley RP (ed.) 16th Australian Agronomy Conference: Capturing Opportunities and Overcoming Obstacles in Australian Agronomy (ASA 2012). Armidale, Australia 14 - 18 Oct 2012 Armidale, Australia.
Partitioning of taproot constituents and crown bud development are affected by water deficit in regrowing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Pembleton, Keith G., Volenec, Jeffrey J., Rawnsley, Richard P. and Donaghy, Daniel J.. 2010. "Partitioning of taproot constituents and crown bud development are affected by water deficit in regrowing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)." Crop Science: a journal serving the international community of crop scientists. 50 (3), pp. 989-999. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2009.03.0140
Yield, yield components and shoot morphology of four contrasting lucerne (Medicago sativa) cultivars grown in three cool temperate environments
Pembleton, K. G., Donaghy, D. J., Volenec, J. J., Smith, R. S. and Rawnsley, R. P.. 2010. "Yield, yield components and shoot morphology of four contrasting lucerne (Medicago sativa) cultivars grown in three cool temperate environments." Crop and Pasture Science. 61 (6), pp. 503-511. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP09351
Genotype by environment interactions of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) in a cool temperate climate
Pembleton, K. G., Smith, R. S., Rawnsley, R. P., Donaghy, D. J. and Humphries, A. W.. 2010. "Genotype by environment interactions of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) in a cool temperate climate." Crop and Pasture Science. 61 (6), pp. 493-502. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP09269
Effect of summer irrigation on seasonal changes in taproot reserves and the expression of winter dormancy/activity in four contrasting lucerne cultivars
Pembleton, K. G., Cunningham, S. M. and Volenec, J. J.. 2010. "Effect of summer irrigation on seasonal changes in taproot reserves and the expression of winter dormancy/activity in four contrasting lucerne cultivars." Crop and Pasture Science. 61 (11), pp. 873 - 884. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP10030
Utilising leaf number as an indicator for defoliation to restrict stem growth in rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) cv. Callide
Pembleton, K.G., Lowe, K.F. and Bahnisch, L.M.. 2009. "Utilising leaf number as an indicator for defoliation to restrict stem growth in rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) cv. Callide." Tropical Grasslands. 43, pp. 79-85.
Effect of defoliation interval and height on the growth and quality of Arachis pintoi cv. Amarillo
Sinclair, K., Lowe, K.F. and Pembleton, K.G.. 2007. "Effect of defoliation interval and height on the growth and quality of Arachis pintoi cv. Amarillo." Tropical Grasslands. 41 (4), pp. 260-268.
Potential of tropical forages for the Tasmanian dairy industry
Pembleton, Keith, Rawnsley, Richard, Donaghy, Danny and Chamberlain, Peter. 2006. "Potential of tropical forages for the Tasmanian dairy industry." 13th Australian Agronomy Conference 2006. Perth, Australia 10 - 14 Sep 2006 Australia. Australian Society of Agronomy.