Sleep stage classification in EEG signals using the clustering approach based probability distribution features coupled with classification algorithms

Article

Al-Salman, Wessam, Li, Yan, Oudah, Atheer Y. and Almaged, Sadiq. 2023. "Sleep stage classification in EEG signals using the clustering approach based probability distribution features coupled with classification algorithms." Neuroscience Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2022.09.009

Article Title	Sleep stage classification in EEG signals using the clustering approach based probability distribution features coupled with classification algorithms
ERA Journal ID	14537
Article Category	Article
Authors	Al-Salman, Wessam (Author), Li, Yan (Author), Oudah, Atheer Y. (Author) and Almaged, Sadiq (Author)
Journal Title	Neuroscience Research
Number of Pages	17
Year	2023
Place of Publication	Ireland
ISSN	0168-0102
	1872-8111
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2022.09.009
Web Address (URL)	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168010222002541
Abstract	Sleep scoring is one of the primary tasks for the classification of sleep stages in Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Manual visual scoring of sleep stages is time-consuming as well as being dependent on the experience of a highly qualified sleep expert. This paper aims to address these issues by developing a new method to automatically classify sleep stages in EEG signals. In this research, a robust method has been presented based on the clustering approach, coupled with probability distribution features, to identify six sleep stages with the use of EEG signals. Using this method, each 30-second EEG signal is firstly segmented into small epochs and then each epoch is divided into 60 sub-segments. Each sub-segment is decomposed into five levels by using a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to obtain the approximation and detailed coefficient. The wavelet coefficient of each level is clustered using the k-means algorithm. Subsequently, features are extracted based on the probability distribution for each wavelet coefficient. The extracted features then are forwarded to the least squares support vector machine classifier (LS-SVM) to identify sleep stages. Comparisons with several existing methods are also made in this study. The proposed method for the classification of the sleep stages achieves an average accuracy rate of 97.4%. It can be an effective tool for sleep stages classification and can be useful for doctors and neurologists for diagnosing sleep disorders.
Keywords	Electroencephalogram (EEG), Sleep stages, Discrete wavelet transform, Least squares support vector machine classifier, probability distribution
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020	460207. Modelling and simulation
	461106. Semi- and unsupervised learning
Public Notes	Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions.
Byline Affiliations	School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing
	University of Thi-Qar, Iraq
Institution of Origin	University of Southern Queensland

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Human Head Modelling Simulation Applied to Electroconvulsive Therapy

Menezes de Oliveira, Marilia, Song, Bo, Ahfock, Tony, Li, Yan and Wen, Paul. 2018. "Human Head Modelling Simulation Applied to Electroconvulsive Therapy." Abreu de Souza, Mauren, Remigio Gamba, Humberto and Pedrini, Helio (ed.) Multi-Modality Imaging: Applications and Computational Techniques. Cham, Switzerland. Springer. pp. 103-133

A structural graph-coupled advanced machine learning ensemble model for disease risk prediction in a telehealthcare environment

Lafta, Raid, Zhang, Ji, Tao, Xiaohui, Li, Yan, Diykh, Mohammed and Lin, Jerry Chun-Wei. 2018. "A structural graph-coupled advanced machine learning ensemble model for disease risk prediction in a telehealthcare environment." Roy, Sanjiban Sekhar, Samui, Pijushi, Deo, Ravinesh and Ntalampiras, Stalampiras (ed.) Big data in engineering applications. Singapore. Springer. pp. 363-384

Complex networks approach for depth of anesthesia assessment

Diykh, Mohammed, Li, Yan, Wen, Peng and Li, Tianning. 2018. "Complex networks approach for depth of anesthesia assessment." Measurement. 119, pp. 178-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2018.01.024

Simulation α of EEG using brain network model

Al-Hossenat, Auhood, Wen, Paul and Li, Yan. 2017. "Simulation α of EEG using brain network model." Al-Mahaidi, Riadh, Al-Mosawe, Alaa and Al-Younis, Mohamed (ed.) First MoHESR and HCED Iraqi Scholars Conference in Australasia 2017 (ISCA 2017). Melbourne, Australia 05 - 06 Dec 2017 Melbourne, Australia.

Assessment of grain quality in terms of functional group response to elevated [CO2], water, and nitrogen using a meta‐analysis: grain protein, zinc, and iron under future climate

Al‐Hadeethi, Ikhlas, Li, Yan, Odhafa, Abdul Kareem H., Seneweera, Saman and Lam, Shu K.. 2019. "Assessment of grain quality in terms of functional group response to elevated [CO2], water, and nitrogen using a meta‐analysis: grain protein, zinc, and iron under future climate." Ecology and Evolution. 9 (13), pp. 7425-7437. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5210

K-complexes Detection in EEG Signals using Fractal and Frequency Features Coupled with an Ensemble Classification Model

Al-Salman, Wessam, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2019. "K-complexes Detection in EEG Signals using Fractal and Frequency Features Coupled with an Ensemble Classification Model." Neuroscience. 422, pp. 119-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.034

EEG sleep stages identification based on weighted undirected complex networks

Diykh, Mohammed, Li, Yan and Abdulla, Shahab. 2020. "EEG sleep stages identification based on weighted undirected complex networks." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 184, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105116

Electrocardiogram Baseline Wander Suppression Based on the Combination of Morphological and Wavelet Transformation Based Filtering

Wan, Xiang-kui, Wu, Haibo, Qiao, Fei, Li, Feng-cong, Li, Yan, Yan, Yue-wen and Wei, Jia-xin. 2019. "Electrocardiogram Baseline Wander Suppression Based on the Combination of Morphological and Wavelet Transformation Based Filtering." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine. 2019, pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7196156

Short-term electricity demand forecasting using machine learning methods enriched with ground-based climate and ECMWF Reanalysis atmospheric predictors in southeast Queensland, Australia

Al-Musaylh, Mohanad S., Deo, Ravinesh C., Adamowski, Jan F. and Li, Yan. 2019. "Short-term electricity demand forecasting using machine learning methods enriched with ground-based climate and ECMWF Reanalysis atmospheric predictors in southeast Queensland, Australia." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.109293

Modelling and simulating different bands of EEG signals with the virtual brain

Al-Hossenat, Auhood, Wen, Paul and Li, Yan. 2019. "Modelling and simulating different bands of EEG signals with the virtual brain." International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Data Communication. 7 (5), pp. 66-70.

Detection of EEG K-Complexes Using Fractal Dimension of Time Frequency Images Technique Coupled With Undirected Graph Features

Al-Salman, Wessam, Li, Yan and Wen, Paul. 2019. "Detection of EEG K-Complexes Using Fractal Dimension of Time Frequency Images Technique Coupled With Undirected Graph Features ." Frontiers in Neuroinformatics. 13 (45), pp. 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2019.00045

An auto TCD probe design and visualization

Huang, Yi, Wen, Peng, Song, Bo and Li, Yan. 2018. "An auto TCD probe design and visualization." Wang, Shouyi, Yamamoto, Vicky, Su, Jianzhong, Yang, Yang, Jones, Erick, Iasemidis, Leon and Mitchell, Tom (ed.) 11th International Conference on Brain Informatics (BI 2018). Arlington, United States 07 - 09 Dec 2018 Sham, Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05587-5_46

Weekly soil moisture forecasting with multivariate sequential, ensemble empirical mode decomposition and Boruta-random forest hybridizer algorithm approach

Prasad, Ramendra, Deo, Ravinesh C., Li, Yan and Maraseni, Tek. 2019. "Weekly soil moisture forecasting with multivariate sequential, ensemble empirical mode decomposition and Boruta-random forest hybridizer algorithm approach." Catena. 177, pp. 149-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.02.012

An Efficient Texture Descriptor for the Detection of License Plates From Vehicle Images in Difficult Conditions

Al-Shemarry, Meeras Salman, Li, Yan and Abdulla, Shahab. 2020. "An Efficient Texture Descriptor for the Detection of License Plates From Vehicle Images in Difficult Conditions." IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. 21 (2), pp. 553-564. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2019.2897990

A feature extraction technique based on tunable Q-factor wavelet transform for brain signal classification

Al Ghayab, Hadi Ratham, Li, Yan, Siuly, S. and Abdulla, Shahab. 2019. "A feature extraction technique based on tunable Q-factor wavelet transform for brain signal classification." Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 312, pp. 43-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.11.014

An efficient approach for EEG sleep spindles detection based on fractal dimension coupled with time frequency image

Al-Salman, Wessam, Li, Yan, Wen, Peng and Diykh, Mohammed. 2018. "An efficient approach for EEG sleep spindles detection based on fractal dimension coupled with time frequency image." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. 41, pp. 210-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2017.11.019

Epileptic seizures detection in EEGs blending frequency domain with information gain technique

Al Ghayab, Hadi Ratham, Li, Yan, Siuly, Siuly and Abdulla, Shahab. 2019. "Epileptic seizures detection in EEGs blending frequency domain with information gain technique." Soft Computing. 23 (1), pp. 227-239. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-018-3487-0

Particle swarm optimized–support vector regression hybrid model for daily horizon electricity demand forecasting using climate dataset

Al-Musaylh, Mohanad S., Deo, Ravinesh C. and Li, Yan. 2018. "Particle swarm optimized–support vector regression hybrid model for daily horizon electricity demand forecasting using climate dataset." Huang, Q. and Kolhe, M. (ed.) 3rd International Conference on Power and Renewable Energy (ICPRE 2018). Berlin, Germany 21 - 24 Sep 2018 Germany. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186408001

Selection of representative feature training sets with self-organized maps for optimized time series modeling and prediction: application to forecasting daily drought conditions with ARIMA and neural network models

McCarthy, Elizabeth, Deo, Ravinesh C., Li, Yan and Maraseni, Tek. 2018. "Selection of representative feature training sets with self-organized maps for optimized time series modeling and prediction: application to forecasting daily drought conditions with ARIMA and neural network models." Kim, Dookie, Roy, Sanjiban Sekhar, Lansivaara, Tim, Deo, Ravinesh C. and Samui, Pijush (ed.) Handbook of research on predictive modeling and optimization methods in science and engineering. Hershey, United States. IGI Global. pp. 446-464

Soil moisture forecasting by a hybrid machine learning technique: ELM integrated with ensemble empirical mode decomposition

Prasad, Ramendra, Deo, Ravinesh C., Li, Yan and Maraseni, Tek. 2018. "Soil moisture forecasting by a hybrid machine learning technique: ELM integrated with ensemble empirical mode decomposition." Geoderma. 330, pp. 136-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.05.035

Estimating the effects of carbon dioxide, temperature and nitrogen on grain protein and grain yield using meta-analysis

Al-Hadeethi, Ikhlas, Li, Yan, Seneweera, Saman and Al-Hadeethi, Hanan. 2017. "Estimating the effects of carbon dioxide, temperature and nitrogen on grain protein and grain yield using meta-analysis." Frangos, Christos C. (ed.) 1st International Conference on Quantitative, Social, Biomedical and Economic Issues 2017 (ICQSBEI2017). Athens, Greece 29 - 30 Jun 2017 Athens, Greece.

Epileptic EEG signal classification using optimum allocation based power spectral density estimation

Al Ghayab, Hadi Ratham, Li, Yan, Siuly, Siuly and Abdulla, Shahab. 2018. "Epileptic EEG signal classification using optimum allocation based power spectral density estimation." IET Signal Processing. 12 (6), pp. 738-747. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-spr.2017.0140

Re-imagining standard timescales in forecasting precipitation events for Queensland’s grazing enterprises

McCarthy, E., Deo, R. C., Li, Y. and Maraseni, T.. 2017. "Re-imagining standard timescales in forecasting precipitation events for Queensland’s grazing enterprises." Syme, G., Hatton MacDonald, D., Fulton, B. and Piantadosi, J. (ed.) 22nd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2017). Hobart, Australia 03 - 08 Dec 2017 Australia. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand . https://doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2017.L1.mccarthy

Developing a tunable Q-factor wavelet transform based algorithm for epileptic EEG feature extraction

Al Ghayab, Hadi Ratham, Li, Yan, Siuly, Siuly, Abdulla, Shahab and Wen, Paul. 2017. "Developing a tunable Q-factor wavelet transform based algorithm for epileptic EEG feature extraction." Siuly, Siuly, Huang, Zhisheng, Aickelin, Uwe, Zhou, Rui, Wang, Hua, Zhang, Yanchun and Klimenko, Stanislav (ed.) 6th International Conference on Health Information Science (HIS 2017). Moscow, Russian Federation 07 - 09 Oct 2017 Germany. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69182-4_6

A Fast Fourier Transform-Coupled Machine Learning-Based Ensemble Model for Disease Risk Prediction Using a Real-Life Dataset

Lafta, Raid, Zhang, Ji, Tao, Xiaohui, Li, Yan, Abbas, Wessam, Luo, Yonglong, Chen, Fulong and Tseng, Vincent S.. 2017. "A Fast Fourier Transform-Coupled Machine Learning-Based Ensemble Model for Disease Risk Prediction Using a Real-Life Dataset." Kim, Jinho, Shim, Kyuseok, Cao, Longbing, Lee, Jae-Gil, Lin, Xuemin and Moon, Yang-Sae (ed.) 21st Pacific-Asia Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (PAKDD 2017). Jeju, South Korea 23 - 26 May 2017 Switzerland. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57454-7_51

Ensemble committee-based data intelligent approach for generating soil moisture forecasts with multivariate hydro-meteorological predictors

Prasad, Ramendra, Deo, Ravinesh C., Li, Yan and Maraseni, Tek. 2018. "Ensemble committee-based data intelligent approach for generating soil moisture forecasts with multivariate hydro-meteorological predictors." Soil and Tillage Research. 181, pp. 63-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2018.03.021

Two-phase particle swarm optimized-support vector regression hybrid model integrated with improved empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise for multiple-horizon electricity demand forecasting

Al-Musaylh, Mohanad S., Deo, Ravinesh C., Li, Yan and Adamowski, Jan F.. 2018. "Two-phase particle swarm optimized-support vector regression hybrid model integrated with improved empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise for multiple-horizon electricity demand forecasting." Applied Energy. 217, pp. 422-439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.02.140

Short-term electricity demand forecasting with MARS, SVR and ARIMA models using aggregated demand data in Queensland, Australia

Al-Musaylh, Mohanad S., Deo, Ravinesh C., Adamowski, Jan F. and Li, Yan. 2018. "Short-term electricity demand forecasting with MARS, SVR and ARIMA models using aggregated demand data in Queensland, Australia." Advanced Engineering Informatics: the science of supporting knowledge-intensive activities. 35 (C), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2017.11.002

Quantitative thickness prediction of tectonically deformed coal using Extreme Learning Machine and Principal Component Analysis: a case study

Wang, Xin, Li, Yan, Chen, Tongjun, Yan, Qiuyan and Ma, Li. 2017. "Quantitative thickness prediction of tectonically deformed coal using Extreme Learning Machine and Principal Component Analysis: a case study." Computers and Geosciences. 101, pp. 38-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2017.02.001

Classify epileptic EEG signals using weighted complex networks based community structure detection

Diykh, Mohammed, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2017. "Classify epileptic EEG signals using weighted complex networks based community structure detection." Expert Systems with Applications. 90, pp. 87-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2017.08.012

An Efficient DDoS TCP Flood Attack Detection and Prevention System in a Cloud Environment

Sahi, Aqeel, Lai, David, Li, Yan and Diykh, Mohammed. 2017. "An Efficient DDoS TCP Flood Attack Detection and Prevention System in a Cloud Environment ." IEEE Access. 5, pp. 6036-6048. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2688460

Coupling a fast fourier transformation with a machine learning ensemble model to support recommendations for heart disease patients in a telehealth environment

Zhang, Ji, Lafta, Raid, Tao, Xiaohui, Li, Yan, Chen, Fulong, Luo, Yonglong and Zhu, Xiaodong. 2017. "Coupling a fast fourier transformation with a machine learning ensemble model to support recommendations for heart disease patients in a telehealth environment." IEEE Access. 5 (1), pp. 10674-10685. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2706318

Input selection and performance optimization of ANN-based streamflow forecasts in the drought-prone Murray Darling Basin region using IIS and MODWT algorithm

Prasad, Ramendra, Deo, Ravinesh C., Li, Yan and Maraseni, Tek. 2017. "Input selection and performance optimization of ANN-based streamflow forecasts in the drought-prone Murray Darling Basin region using IIS and MODWT algorithm." Atmospheric Research. 197, pp. 42-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.06.014

Detecting sleep spindles in EEGs using wavelet fourier analysis and statistical features

Al-Salman, Wessam, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2019. "Detecting sleep spindles in EEGs using wavelet fourier analysis and statistical features." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. 48, pp. 80-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2018.10.004

An energy efficient TCP DoS attacks mitigation method in cloud computing

Sahi, Aqeel, Lai, David and Li, Yan. 2017. "An energy efficient TCP DoS attacks mitigation method in cloud computing." Al-Jumaily, Adel Ali, Barifcani, Ahmed and Al-Jumaily, Ahmed (ed.) 1st MoHESR and HCED Iraqi Scholars Conference in Australasia 2017 (ISCA 2017). Melbourne, Australia 05 - 06 Dec 2017 Melbourne, Australia.

Ensemble of adaboost cascades of 3L-LBPs classifiers for license plates detection with low quality images

Al-Shemarry, Meeras Salman, Li, Yan and Abdulla, Shahab. 2018. "Ensemble of adaboost cascades of 3L-LBPs classifiers for license plates detection with low quality images." Expert Systems with Applications. 92, pp. 216-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2017.09.036

Complex networks approach for EEG signal sleep stages classification

Diykh, Mohammed and Li, Yan. 2016. "Complex networks approach for EEG signal sleep stages classification." Expert Systems with Applications. 63, pp. 241-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2016.07.004

Minimum node degree of k-connected vehicular ad hoc networks in highway scenarios

Xiong, Wei, Jingjing, Xu, Li, Yan, Wan, Xiangkui and Jin, Liang. 2016. "Minimum node degree of k-connected vehicular ad hoc networks in highway scenarios." Eurasip Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking. 32, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-016-0529-0

A T-wave alternans assessment method based on least squares curve fitting technique

Wan, Xiangkui, Li, Yan, Xia, Chong, Wu, Minghu, Liang, Jin and Wang, Na. 2016. "A T-wave alternans assessment method based on least squares curve fitting technique." Measurement. 86, pp. 93-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2016.01.046

Security and privacy preserving approaches in the eHealth clouds with disaster recovery plan

Sahi, Aqeel, Lai, David and Li, Yan. 2016. "Security and privacy preserving approaches in the eHealth clouds with disaster recovery plan." Computers in Biology and Medicine. 78, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2016.09.003

Numeric investigation of brain tumor influence on the current distributions during transcranial direct current stimulation

Song, Bo, Wen, Peng, Ahfock, Tony and Li, Yan. 2016. "Numeric investigation of brain tumor influence on the current distributions during transcranial direct current stimulation." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 63 (1), pp. 176-187. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2015.2468672

Data selection in EEG signals classification

Wang, Shuaifang, Li, Yan, Wen, Peng and Lai, David. 2016. "Data selection in EEG signals classification." Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine. 39 (1), pp. 157-165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-015-0414-x

Analysis and classification of sleep stages based on difference visibility graphs from a single-channel EEG signal

Zhu, Guohun, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng (Paul). 2014. "Analysis and classification of sleep stages based on difference visibility graphs from a single-channel EEG signal." IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics. 18 (6), pp. 1813-1821. https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2014.2303991

Depth of anaesthesia monitors and the latest algorithms

Li, Tianning and Li, Yan. 2014. "Depth of anaesthesia monitors and the latest algorithms." Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine. 7 (6), pp. 429-437. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60070-5

EEG sleep stages classification based on time domain features and structural graph similarity

Diykh, Mohammed, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2016. "EEG sleep stages classification based on time domain features and structural graph similarity." IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. 24 (11), pp. 1159-1168. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2016.2552539

Classifying epileptic EEG signals with delay permutation entropy and multi-scale K-means

Zhu, Guohun, Li, Yan, Wen, Peng (Paul) and Wang, Shuaifang. 2015. "Classifying epileptic EEG signals with delay permutation entropy and multi-scale K-means." Sun, Changming, Bednarz, Tomasz, Pham, Tuan D., Vallotton, Pascal and Wang, Dadong (ed.) Signal and image analysis for biomedical and life sciences. United States. Springer. pp. 143-157

EEG signal analysis and classification: techniques and applications

Siuly, Siuly, Li, Yan and Zhang, Yanchun. 2017. EEG signal analysis and classification: techniques and applications. Switzerland. Springer.

IRS-HD: an intelligent personalized recommender system for heart disease patients in a tele-health environment

Lafta, Raid, Zhang, Ji, Tao, Xiaohui, Li, Yan and Tseng, Vincent S.. 2016. "IRS-HD: an intelligent personalized recommender system for heart disease patients in a tele-health environment." Li, Jinyan, Li, Xue, Wang, Shuliang, Li, Jianxin and Sheng, Quan Z. (ed.) 12th International Conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications (ADMA 2016). Gold Coast, QLD, Australia 12 - 15 Dec 2016 Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49586-6_58

Fuzzy and non-fuzzy approaches for digital image classification

Diykh, Mohammed and Li, Yan. 2016. "Fuzzy and non-fuzzy approaches for digital image classification." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 95 (4), pp. 858-870.

Discriminating the brain activities for brain–computer interface applications through the optimal allocation-based approach

Siuly, Siuly and Li, Yan. 2015. "Discriminating the brain activities for brain–computer interface applications through the optimal allocation-based approach." Neural Computing and Applications. 26 (4), pp. 799-811. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-014-1753-3

Parallel encryption mode for probabilistic scheme to secure data in the cloud

Sahi, Aqeel, Lai, David and Li, Yan. 2015. "Parallel encryption mode for probabilistic scheme to secure data in the cloud." 10th International Conference on Information Technology and Applications (ICITA 2015). Sydney, Australia 01 - 04 Jul 2015 Australia.

Analysis of alcoholic EEG signals based on horizontal visibility graph entropy

Zhu, Guohun, Li, Yan, Wen, Peng and Wang, Shuaifang. 2014. "Analysis of alcoholic EEG signals based on horizontal visibility graph entropy." Brain Informatics. 1, pp. 19-25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40708-014-0003-x

An intelligent recommender system based on predictive analysis in telehealthcare environment

Lafta, Raid, Zhang, Ji, Tao, Xiaohui, Li, Yan, Tseng, Vincent S., Luo, Yonglong and Chen, Fulong. 2016. "An intelligent recommender system based on predictive analysis in telehealthcare environment." Web Intelligence. 14 (4), pp. 325-336. https://doi.org/10.3233/WEB-160348

Classification of epileptic EEG signals based on simple random sampling and sequential feature selection

Al Ghayab, Hadi, Li, Yan, Abdulla, Shahab, Diykh, Mohammed and Wan, Xiangkui. 2016. "Classification of epileptic EEG signals based on simple random sampling and sequential feature selection." Brain Informatics. 3 (2), pp. 85-91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40708-016-0039-1

An Intelligent Recommender System based on Short-term Risk Prediction for Heart Disease Patients

Lafta, Raid, Zhang, Ji, Tao, Xiaohui, Li, Yan and Tseng, Vincent S.. 2015. "An Intelligent Recommender System based on Short-term Risk Prediction for Heart Disease Patients." 4th International Workshop on Web Personalization, Recommender Systems and Social Media (WPRSM2015), Joint with WI-IAT 2015. Singapore 06 - 09 Dec 2015 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2015.47

Designing a robust feature extraction method based on optimum allocation and principal component analysis for epileptic EEG signal classification

Siuly, Siuly and Li, Yan. 2015. "Designing a robust feature extraction method based on optimum allocation and principal component analysis for epileptic EEG signal classification." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 119 (1), pp. 29-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2015.01.002

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Brain Images and Registration

Visutsak, Porawat and Li, Yan. 2016. "Autism Spectrum Disorder: Brain Images and Registration ." 5th International Conference on Health Information Science (HIS 2016). Shanghai, China 05 - 07 Nov 2016 Switzerland . Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48335-1_15

Flame-retardant coating by alternate assembly of poly(vinylphosphonic acid) and polyethylenimine for ramie fabrics

Wang, Li-li, Zhang, Tao, Yan, Hong-quiang, Peng, Mao, Fang, Zheng-ping, Li, Yan and Wang, Hao. 2014. "Flame-retardant coating by alternate assembly of poly(vinylphosphonic acid) and polyethylenimine for ramie fabrics." Chinese Journal of Polymer Science. 32 (3), pp. 305-314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-014-1408-y

Study on orthogonal basis NN-based storage modelling for Lake Hume of Upper Murray River, Australia

Li, Ying, Li, Yan and Wang, Xiaofen. 2014. "Study on orthogonal basis NN-based storage modelling for Lake Hume of Upper Murray River, Australia." Wang, Xizhao, Pedrycz, Witold, Chan, Patrick and He, Qiang (ed.) 13th International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics. Langzhou, China Berlin, Germany. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45652-1_43

Epileptic seizure detection in EEGs signals using a fast weighted horizontal visibility algorithm

Zhu, Guohun, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng (Paul). 2014. "Epileptic seizure detection in EEGs signals using a fast weighted horizontal visibility algorithm." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 115 (2), pp. 64-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2014.04.001

Monitoring the depth of anaesthesia using Hurst exponent and Bayesian methods

Nguyen-Ky, Tai, Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2014. "Monitoring the depth of anaesthesia using Hurst exponent and Bayesian methods." IET Signal Processing. 8 (9), pp. 907-917. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-spr.2013.0113

Modified CC-LR algorithm with three diverse feature sets for motor imagery tasks classification in EEG based brain–computer interface

Siuly, Siuly, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng (Paul). 2014. "Modified CC-LR algorithm with three diverse feature sets for motor imagery tasks classification in EEG based brain–computer interface ." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 113 (3), pp. 767-780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2013.12.020

A novel statistical algorithm for multiclass EEG signal classification

Siuly and Li, Yan. 2014. "A novel statistical algorithm for multiclass EEG signal classification." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. 34, pp. 154-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2014.05.011

Real-time depth of anaesthesia assessment using strong analytical signal transform technique

Palendeng, Mario Elvis, Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2014. "Real-time depth of anaesthesia assessment using strong analytical signal transform technique." Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine. 37 (4), pp. 723-730. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-014-0309-2

Analyzing EEG signals using graph entropy based principle component analysis and J48 decision tree

Wang, Shuaifang, Li, Yan, Wen, Peng and Zhu, Guohun. 2014. "Analyzing EEG signals using graph entropy based principle component analysis and J48 decision tree." Zhang, Teresa (ed.) 6th International Conference on Signal Processing Systems (ICSPS 2014). Dubai, United Arab Emirates 08 - 10 Dec 2014 Rowland Heights, CA. United States. https://doi.org/10.12720/ijsps

Analysis of epileptic EEG signals with simple random sampling J48 algorithm

Wang, Shuaifang, Zhu, Guohun, Li, Yan, Wen, Peng and Song, Bo. 2014. "Analysis of epileptic EEG signals with simple random sampling J48 algorithm." International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics (IJBBB). 4 (2), pp. 78-81. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJBBB.2014.V4.314

Orthogonal Basis Extreme Learning Algorithm and Function Approximation

Li, Ying, Li, Yan and Wan, Xiangkui. 2015. "Orthogonal Basis Extreme Learning Algorithm and Function Approximation ." 12th International Symposium of Neural Networks (ISNN 2015). Jeju, Korea 15 - 18 Oct 2015 Switzerland . Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25393-0_39

An enhanced training algorithm for multilayer neural networks based on reference output of hidden layer

Li, Yan, Rad, A. B. and Wen, Peng. 1999. "An enhanced training algorithm for multilayer neural networks based on reference output of hidden layer." Neural Computing and Applications. 8, pp. 218-225.

A cascading structure and training method for multilayer neural network

Li, Yan and Rad, A. B.. 1997. "A cascading structure and training method for multilayer neural network." International Journal of Neural Systems. 8 (5/6), pp. 509-515. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129065797000495

Epileptogenic focus detection in intracranial EEG based on delay permutation entropy

Zhu, Guohun, Li, Yan, Wen, Peng (Paul), Wang, Shuaifang and Xi, Min. 2013. "Epileptogenic focus detection in intracranial EEG based on delay permutation entropy." Sun, Changming, Bednarz, Tomasz, Pham, Tuan D., Vallotton, Pascal and Wang, Dadong (ed.) International Symposium on Computational Models for Life Sciences (CMLS 2013). Sydney, Australia 27 - 29 Nov 2013 United States. AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4824993

An improved chaos method for monitoring the depth of anaesthesia

Nguyen-Ky, Tai, Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2013. "An improved chaos method for monitoring the depth of anaesthesia." Duc, Nguyen Minh and BenLetaief, Khaled (ed.) International Conference on Computing, Management and Telecommunications (ComManTel 2013). Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 21 - 24 Jan 2013 United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ComManTel.2013.6482413

Unsupervised classification of epileptic EEG signals with multi scale K-means algorithm

Zhu, Guohun, Li, Yan, Wen, Peng (Paul), Wang, Shuaifang and Zhong, Ning. 2013. "Unsupervised classification of epileptic EEG signals with multi scale K-means algorithm." Imamura, Kazayuki, Usui, Shiro, Shirao, Tomoaki, Kasamatsu, Takuji, Schwabe, Lars and Zhong, Ning (ed.) 2013 International Conference on Brain and Health Informatics (BHI 2013). Maebashi, Japan 29 - 31 Oct 2013 Germany. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02753-1_16

Consciousness and depth of anesthesia assessment based on Bayesian analysis of EEG signals

Nguyen-Ky, Tai, Wen, Peng (Paul) and Li, Yan. 2013. "Consciousness and depth of anesthesia assessment based on Bayesian analysis of EEG signals." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 60 (6), pp. 1488-1498. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2012.2236649

Identification of motor imagery tasks through CC–LR algorithm in brain computer interface

Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2013. "Identification of motor imagery tasks through CC–LR algorithm in brain computer interface." International Journal of Bioinformatics Research and Applications. 9 (2), pp. 156-172. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBRA.2013.052447

Comparisons between motor area EEG and all-channels EEG for two algorithms in motor imagery task classification

Li, Yan and Wen, Peng (Paul). 2014. "Comparisons between motor area EEG and all-channels EEG for two algorithms in motor imagery task classification." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications. 26 (3), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.4015/S1016237214500409

Chaos-modified detrended moving average methodology for monitoring the depth of anaesthesia

Nguyen-Ky, T., Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2013. "Chaos-modified detrended moving average methodology for monitoring the depth of anaesthesia." International Journal of Emerging Trends in Signal Processing. 1 (2), pp. 1-8.

Household carbon dioxide emissions from peasants and herdsmen in northwestern arid-alpine regions, China

Qu, Jiansheng, Zeng, Jingjing, Li, Yan, Wang, Qin, Maraseni, Tek, Zhang, Lihua, Zhang, Zhiqiang and Clarke-Sather, Abigail. 2013. "Household carbon dioxide emissions from peasants and herdsmen in northwestern arid-alpine regions, China." Energy Policy. 57, pp. 133-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.12.065

Simulation study of pO2 distribution in induced tumour masses and normal tissues within a microcirculation environment

Li, Mao, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng (Paul). 2014. "Simulation study of pO2 distribution in induced tumour masses and normal tissues within a microcirculation environment." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging and Visualization. 17 (4), pp. 334-343. https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2012.683428

An efficient visibility graph similarity algorithm and its application for sleep stages classification

Zhu, Guohun, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng Paul. 2012. "An efficient visibility graph similarity algorithm and its application for sleep stages classification." Zanzotto, Fabio Massimo, Tsumoto, Shusaku, Taatgen, Niels and Yao, Yiyu (ed.) 2012 International Conference on Brain Informatics (BI 2012). Macau, China 04 - 07 Dec 2012 Heidelberg, Germany. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35139-6_18

Analysing epileptic EEGs with a visibility graph algorithm

Zhu, Guohun, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng (Paul). 2012. "Analysing epileptic EEGs with a visibility graph algorithm." Chen, Qianbin, Huan, Jun (Luke), Xu, Yong, Zhang, Tianqi and Wang, Lipo (ed.) 5th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI 2012). Chongqing, China 16 - 18 Oct 2012 Piscataway, NJ. United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/BMEI.2012.6513212

Measuring the hypnotic depth of anaesthesia based on the EEG signal using combined wavelet transform, eigenvector and normalisation techniques

Nguyen-Ky, Tai, Wen, Peng, Li, Yan and Malan, Mel. 2012. "Measuring the hypnotic depth of anaesthesia based on the EEG signal using combined wavelet transform, eigenvector and normalisation techniques." Computers in Biology and Medicine. 42 (6), pp. 680-691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2012.03.004

Improving the Separability of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Using a Cross Correlation-Based Least Square Support Vector Machine for Brain–Computer Interface

Siuly, Siuly and Li, Yan. 2012. "Improving the Separability of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Using a Cross Correlation-Based Least Square Support Vector Machine for Brain–Computer Interface." IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. 20 (4), pp. 526-538. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2012.2184838

EEG data compression to monitor DoA in telemedicine

Palendeng, Mario E., Zhang, Qing, Pang, Chaoyi and Li, Yan. 2012. "EEG data compression to monitor DoA in telemedicine." Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. 178, pp. 163-8. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-078-9-163

Tumor-induced effects on PO2 distribution in a normal tissue

Li, Mao, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng (Paul). 2012. "Tumor-induced effects on PO2 distribution in a normal tissue." Zhang, Yuan-Ting, Naghavi, Morteza, Bonato, Paolo and Carmen, C. Y. Poon (ed.) 2012 IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics: Global Grand Challenge of Health Informatics (BHI 2012). Hong Kong and Shenzhen, China 02 - 07 Jan 2012 Hong Kong, China. https://doi.org/10.1109/BHI.2012.6211594

BMICA-independent component analysis based on B-spline mutual information estimator

Walters-Williams, Janett and Li, Yan. 2012. "BMICA-independent component analysis based on B-spline mutual information estimator." Signal and Image Processing. 3 (2), pp. 33-52. https://doi.org/10.5121/sipij.2012.3203

Distance education platform for effective learning in computer networking courses

Lai, David, Venkatakrishnan, Vijayakrishnan and Li, Yan. 2012. "Distance education platform for effective learning in computer networking courses." Wang, Chih-Chien (ed.) 2012 International Conference on Applied and Theoretical Information Systems Research (ATISR 2012). Taipei, Taiwan 10 - 12 Feb 2012 Taipei, Taiwan.

Measuring and reflecting depth of anesthesia using wavelet and power spectral density

Nguyen-Ky, Tai, Wen, Peng, Li, Yan and Gray, Robert. 2011. "Measuring and reflecting depth of anesthesia using wavelet and power spectral density." IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine. 15 (4), pp. 630-639. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITB.2011.2155081

Developing a logistic regression model with cross-correlation for motor imagery signal recognition

Li, Yan, Wu, Jinglong and Yang, Jingjing. 2011. "Developing a logistic regression model with cross-correlation for motor imagery signal recognition." 2011 IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering (ICME 2011). Harbin, China 22 - 25 May 2011 Piscataway, NJ. United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCME.2011.5876793

Clustering technique-based least square support vector machine for EEG signal classification

Siuly, S., Li, Yan and Wen, Peng (Paul). 2011. "Clustering technique-based least square support vector machine for EEG signal classification." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 104 (3), pp. 358-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2010.11.014

Twin rotor system modelling de-coupling and optimal control

Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2011. "Twin rotor system modelling de-coupling and optimal control." ICMA 2011: IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation. Beijing, China 07 - 10 Aug 2011 Piscataway, NJ. United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMA.2011.5986259

Improving the performance of translation wavelet transform using BMICA

Walters-Williams, Janett and Li, Yan. 2011. "Improving the performance of translation wavelet transform using BMICA." International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security. 9 (6), pp. 48-56.

Evaluating functional connectivity in alcoholics based on maximal weight matching

Zhu, Guohun, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2011. "Evaluating functional connectivity in alcoholics based on maximal weight matching." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics. 15 (9), pp. 1221-1227.

Performance comparison of known ICA algorithms to a wavelet-ICA merger

Walters-Williams, Janett and Li, Yan. 2011. "Performance comparison of known ICA algorithms to a wavelet-ICA merger." Signal Processing: An International Journal. 5 (3), pp. 80-92.

A new approach to denoising EEG signals - merger of translation invariant wavelet and ICA

Walters-Williams, Janett and Li, Yan. 2011. "A new approach to denoising EEG signals - merger of translation invariant wavelet and ICA." International Journal of Biometrics and Bioinformatics (IJBB). 5 (2), pp. 130-148.

EEG signal classification based on simple random sampling technique with least square support vector machine

Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2011. "EEG signal classification based on simple random sampling technique with least square support vector machine." International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Technology. 7 (4), pp. 390-409. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBET.2011.044417

Comparative Study of Distance Functions for Nearest Neighbors

Walters-Williams, Janett and Li, Yan. 2010. "Comparative Study of Distance Functions for Nearest Neighbors." Elleithy, Khaled (ed.) 2008 International Conference on Systems, Computing Sciences and Software Engineering (SCSS 08). Online Netherlands. pp. 79-84 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3660-5_14

M-service and its framework

Sun, Lili, Li, Yan and Wang, Hua. 2005. "M-service and its framework." 11th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications. Perth, Australia 03 - 05 Oct 2005 United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/APCC.2005.1554180

Classification of EEG signals using sampling techniques and least square support vector machines

Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2009. "Classification of EEG signals using sampling techniques and least square support vector machines." Wen, Peng (ed.) 4th International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology (RSKT 2009). Gold Coast, Australia 14 - 16 Jul 2009 Germany. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02962-2_47

EEG analysis on skull conductivity perturbations using realistic head model

Bashar, Md. Rezaul, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2009. "EEG analysis on skull conductivity perturbations using realistic head model." Wen, Peng, Li, Yuefeng, Polkowski, Lech, Yao, Yiyu, Tsumoto, Shusaku and Wang, Guoyin (ed.) 4th International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology (RSKT 2009). Gold Coast, Australia 14 - 16 Jul 2009 Germany. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02962-2_26

Improvement of the Accuracy of InSAR Image Co-Registration Based On Tie Points - A Review

Zou, Weibao, Li, Yan, Li, Zhilin and Ding, Xiaoli. 2009. "Improvement of the Accuracy of InSAR Image Co-Registration Based On Tie Points - A Review." Sensors. 9 (2), pp. 1259-1281. https://doi.org/10.3390/s90201259

Minimum packet drop sequences based networked control system model with embedded Markov chain

Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2009. "Minimum packet drop sequences based networked control system model with embedded Markov chain." Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory. 17 (10), pp. 1635-1641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simpat.2009.07.003

Protecting disseminative information in e-learning

Sun, Lili, Wang, Hua and Li, Yan. 2008. "Protecting disseminative information in e-learning." Leung, Howard, Li, Frederick, Lau, Rynson and Li, Qing (ed.) ICWL 2007: 6th International Conference on Web-Based Learning . Edinburgh, United Kingdom 15 - 17 Aug 2007 Germany. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78139-4_49

Theoretical basis for identification of different anesthetic states based on routinely recorded EEG during operation

Nguyen-Ky, T., Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2009. "Theoretical basis for identification of different anesthetic states based on routinely recorded EEG during operation." Computers in Biology and Medicine. 39 (1), pp. 40-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2008.10.007

Effects of white matter on EEG of multi-layered spherical head models

Bashar, Md. Rezaul, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2008. "Effects of white matter on EEG of multi-layered spherical head models." Hoque, Aminul and Choudhury, Mohammad (ed.) 5th International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (ICECE 2008). Dhaka, Bangladesh 20 - 22 Dec 2008 Bangladesh. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECE.2008.4769173

A study of white matter and skull inhomogeneous anisotropic tissue conductivities on EEG forward head modeling

Bashar, Md. Rezaul, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2008. "A study of white matter and skull inhomogeneous anisotropic tissue conductivities on EEG forward head modeling." Karim, Mohammad (ed.) DMAI 2008: 1st IEEE International Workshop on Data Mining and Artificial Intelligence. Khulna, Bangladesh 24 - 27 Dec 2008 Bangladesh. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCITECHN.2008.4803103

Tension control of a winding machine for rectangular coils

Wen, Peng, Stapleton, Cary and Li, Yan. 2008. "Tension control of a winding machine for rectangular coils." Wen, Changyun and Pham, Thuong Cat (ed.) 10th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV 2008). Hanoi, Vietnam 17 - 20 Dec 2008 United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2008.4795843

A case study using neural networks algorithms: horse racing predictions in Jamaica

Williams, Janett and Li, Yan. 2008. "A case study using neural networks algorithms: horse racing predictions in Jamaica." Arabnia, Hamid R. and Mun, Yougsong (ed.) ICAI 2008: International Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Las Vegas, United States 14 - 17 Jul 2008 Las Vegas, NV. USA.

Influence of white matter inhomogeneous anisotropy on EEG forward computing

Bashar, R., Li, Y. and Wen, P.. 2008. "Influence of white matter inhomogeneous anisotropy on EEG forward computing." Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine. 31 (2), pp. 122-130. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03178586

XML and web services security

Sun, Lili and Li, Yan. 2008. "XML and web services security." CSCWD 2008: 12th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooporative Work in Design. Xi'an, China 16 - 18 Apr 2008 Piscataway, NJ, USA. https://doi.org/10.1109/CSCWD.2008.4537075

Effects of the number of hidden nodes used in a structured-based neural network on the reliability of image classification

Zou, Weibao, Li, Yan and Tang, Arthur. 2009. "Effects of the number of hidden nodes used in a structured-based neural network on the reliability of image classification." Neural Computing and Applications. 18 (3), pp. 249-260. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-008-0177-3

Image classification using wavelet coefficients in low-pass bands

Zou, Weibao and Li, Yan. 2007. "Image classification using wavelet coefficients in low-pass bands." Si, Jennie (ed.) 2007 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). Orlando, United States of America 12 - 17 Aug 2007 United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2007.4370940

Leaf vein extraction using independent component analysis

Li, Yan, Chi, Zheru and Feng, David. 2006. "Leaf vein extraction using independent component analysis." Lee, Tsu-Tian (ed.) 2006 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Taiwan 08 - 11 Oct 2006 Taiwan. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.2006.384738

Improvement of image classification with wavelet and independent component analysis (ICA) based on a structured neural network

Zou, Weibao, Li, Yan, Lo, King Chuen and Chi, Zheru. 2006. "Improvement of image classification with wavelet and independent component analysis (ICA) based on a structured neural network." Yen, Gary (ed.) 2006 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). Vancouver, Canada United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2006.246915

Using invariant translation to denoise electroencephalogram signals

Walters-Williams, Janett and Li, Yan. 2011. "Using invariant translation to denoise electroencephalogram signals." American Journal of Applied Sciences. 8 (11), pp. 1122-1130. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2011.1122.1130

Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for anisotropic inhomogeneous head tissue conductivity in human head modelling

Bashar, M. R., Li, Y. and Wen, P.. 2010. "Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for anisotropic inhomogeneous head tissue conductivity in human head modelling." Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine. 33 (2), pp. 145-152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-010-0015-7

Monitoring the depth of anesthesia using discrete wavelet transform and power spectral density

Nguyen-Ky, T., Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2009. "Monitoring the depth of anesthesia using discrete wavelet transform and power spectral density." Wen, Peng, Li, Yuefeng, Polkowski, Lech, Yao, Yiyu, Tsumoto, Shusaku and Wang, Guoyin (ed.) 4th International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology (RSKT 2009). Gold Coast, Australia 14 - 16 Jul 2009 Germany. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02962-2_44

Improving the accuracy of depth of anaesthesia using modified detrended fluctuation analysis method

Nguyen-Ky, T., Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2010. "Improving the accuracy of depth of anaesthesia using modified detrended fluctuation analysis method." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. 5 (1), pp. 59-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2009.03.001

A systematic study of head tissue inhomogeneity and anisotropy on EEG forward problem computing

Bashar, M. R., Li, Y. and Wen, P.. 2010. "A systematic study of head tissue inhomogeneity and anisotropy on EEG forward problem computing." Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine. 33 (1), pp. 11-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-010-0009-5

De-noising a raw EEG signal and measuring depth of anaesthesia for general anaesthesia patients

Nguyen-Ky, T., Wen, Peng, Li, Yan and Gray, Robert. 2010. "De-noising a raw EEG signal and measuring depth of anaesthesia for general anaesthesia patients." Li, Yan, Yang, Jiajia, Wen, Peng and Wu, Jinglong (ed.) 2010 IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering (ICME 2010). Gold Coast, Australia 13 - 15 Jul 2010 Brisbane, Australia. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCME.2010.5558834

Cooperative education in USQ networking programs with leading industry organisation and service to South-East Queensland regional IT professional

Li, Yan. 2010. "Cooperative education in USQ networking programs with leading industry organisation and service to South-East Queensland regional IT professional." Cater-Steel, Aileen and Cater, Emily (ed.) Women in engineering, science and technology: education and career challenges. Hershey, PA, United States. IGI Global. pp. 227-231

Effects of local tissue conductivity on spherical and realistic head models

Bashar, Md. Rezaul, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2010. "Effects of local tissue conductivity on spherical and realistic head models." Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine. 33 (3), pp. 233-242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-010-0027-3

An improved detrended moving-average method for monitoring the depth of anesthesia

Nguyen-Ky, T., Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2010. "An improved detrended moving-average method for monitoring the depth of anesthesia." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 57 (10), pp. 2369-2378. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2010.2053929

Access control method with XML databases

Sun, Lili, Li, Yan and Wang, Hua. 2011. "Access control method with XML databases." Wang, John (ed.) Information systems and new applications in the service sector: models and methods. Hershey, PA, USA. IGI Global. pp. 227-239

B-spline mutual information independent component analysis

Walters-Williams, Janett and Li, Yan. 2010. "B-spline mutual information independent component analysis." International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security. 10 (7), pp. 129-141.

Comparison of extended and unscented Kalman filters applied to EEG signals

Walters-Williams, Janett and Li, Yan. 2010. "Comparison of extended and unscented Kalman filters applied to EEG signals." Li, Yan, Yang, Jiajia, Wen, Peng and Wu, Jinglong (ed.) 2010 IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering (ICME 2010). Gold Coast, Australia 13 - 15 Jul 2010 Brisbane, Australia. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCME.2010.5558873

Study of EEGs from somatosensory cortex and Alzheimer's disease sources

Bashar, Md. R., Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2012. "Study of EEGs from somatosensory cortex and Alzheimer's disease sources." International Journal of Biological and Life Sciences. 8 (2), pp. 62-66.

Analysis and classification of EEG signals using a hybrid clustering technique

Li, Y. and Wen, P.. 2010. "Analysis and classification of EEG signals using a hybrid clustering technique." Li, Yan, Yang, Jiajia, Wen, Peng and Wu, Jinglong (ed.) 2010 IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering (ICME 2010). Gold Coast, Australia 13 - 15 Jul 2010 Piscataway, NJ. United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCME.2010.5558875

Effects of the local skull and spongiosum conductivities on realistic head modeling

Bashar, M. R., Li, Y. and Wen, P.. 2010. "Effects of the local skull and spongiosum conductivities on realistic head modeling." Li, Y., Yang, Jiajia, Wen, P. and Wu, Jinglong (ed.) 2010 IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering (ICME 2010). Gold Coast, Australia 13 - 15 Jul 2010 Piscataway, NJ. United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCME.2010.5558877

Non-layered human head model for EEG

Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2003. "Non-layered human head model for EEG." IEEE EMBS Asian-Pacific Conference on Biomedical Engineering (2003). Kyoto, Japan 20 - 22 Oct 2003 Piscataway, NJ, United States.

Methods for the blind signal separation problem

Li, Yan, Wen, Peng and Powers, David. 2003. "Methods for the blind signal separation problem." ICNNSP 2003: International Conference on Neural Networks and Signal Processing. Nanjing, China 14 - 17 Dec 2003 Piscataway, NJ. United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNNSP.2003.1281131

An ensemble learning algorithm for blind signal separation problem

Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2005. "An ensemble learning algorithm for blind signal separation problem." 2005 International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling, Control and Automation (CIMCA 2005). Vienna, Austria 28 - 30 Nov 2005 Washington, DC, united States.

Estimation of mutual information: a survey

Walters-Williams, Janett and Li, Yan. 2009. "Estimation of mutual information: a survey." Wen, Peng, Li, Yuefeng, Polkowski, Lech, Yao, Yiyu, Tsumoto, Shusaku and Wang, Guoyin (ed.) 4th International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology (RSKT 2009). Gold Coast, Australia 14 - 16 Jul 2009 Berlin, Germany. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02962-2_49

Using usage control to access XML databases

Sun, Lili and Li, Yan. 2009. "Using usage control to access XML databases." International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector. 1 (3), pp. 32-44.

Modified detrended fluctuation analysis method in depth of anesthesia assessment application

Nguyen-Ky, T., Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2008. "Modified detrended fluctuation analysis method in depth of anesthesia assessment application." Arabnia, Hamid R. (ed.) BIOCOMP 2008: International Conference on Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. Las Vegas, United States 14 - 17 Jul 2008 Las Vegas, NV. USA.

Tissue conductivity anisotropy inhomogeneity study in EEG head modelling

Bashar, Md. Rezaul, Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2008. "Tissue conductivity anisotropy inhomogeneity study in EEG head modelling." BIOCOMP 2008: International Conference on Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. Las Vegas, United States 14 - 17 Jul 2008 Las Vegas, NV. USA.

Service-mining based on knowledge and customer databases

Li, Yan, Wen, Peng, Wang, Hu and Gong, Chunqiang. 2007. "Service-mining based on knowledge and customer databases." Zhang, Zili and Siekmann, Jorg (ed.) 2nd International Conference on Knowledge Science, Engineering, and Management (KSEM 2007). Melbourne, Australia 28 - 30 Nov 2007 Berlin, Germany. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76719-0_63

XML schema in XML documents with usage control

Sun, Lili and Li, Yan. 2007. "XML schema in XML documents with usage control." International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security. 7 (10), pp. 170-177.

MR brain image segmentation based on self-organizing map network

Li, Yan and Chi, Zheru. 2005. "MR brain image segmentation based on self-organizing map network." International Journal of Information Technology. 11 (8), pp. 45-53.

XML undeniable signatures

Sun, Lili and Li, Yan. 2005. "XML undeniable signatures." Mohammadian, M. (ed.) International Conference on Intelligent Agents, Web Technologies & Internet Commerce (2005). Vienna, Austria 28 - 30 Nov 2005 USA.

Comparison of blind source separation algorithms

Li, Yan, Powers, David and Peach, James. 2001. "Comparison of blind source separation algorithms." Mastorakis, Nikos E. (ed.) WSES International Conference on Neural Networks and Applications 2001. Tenerife, Spain 11 - 15 Feb 2001 Greece.

Design of high-performance networked real-time control systems

Wen, Peng, Cao, Jiannong and Li, Yan. 2007. "Design of high-performance networked real-time control systems." IET Control Theory and Applications. 1 (5), pp. 1329-1335. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-cta:20060424

An internet based supervision control and data acquisition system with fault tolerance

Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2004. "An internet based supervision control and data acquisition system with fault tolerance." 2004 International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling, Control and Automation (CIMCA 2004). Gold Coast, Australia 12 - 14 Jul 2004 Washington, DC, united States.

Deadline fault tolerance in a networked real-time system

Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2006. "Deadline fault tolerance in a networked real-time system." 4th International Conference on Active Media Technology (AMT 2006). Brisbane, Australia 07 - 09 Jun 2006 United States.

EEG human head modelling based on heterogeneous tissue conductivity

Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2006. "EEG human head modelling based on heterogeneous tissue conductivity." Professor Yogesh K Dwivedi. 29 (3), pp. 235-240.

The real-time computing model for a network based control system

Wen, Peng and Li, Yan. 2004. "The real-time computing model for a network based control system." 8th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV 2004) . Kunming, China 06 - 09 Dec 2004 United States.

An approach of context ontology for robust face recognition against illumination variations

Bashar, M. Rezaul, Li, Yan and Rhee, Phill Kyu. 2007. "An approach of context ontology for robust face recognition against illumination variations." Kabir, Lutful and Hasan, Kamrul (ed.) ICICT 2007: International Conference on Information and Communication Technology. Dhaka, Bangladesh 07 - 09 Mar 2007 Dhaka, Bangladesh. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICT.2007.375351

DTD level authorization in XML documents with usage control

Sun, Lili and Li, Yan. 2006. "DTD level authorization in XML documents with usage control." International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security. 6 (11), pp. 244-250.

Bayesian model for brain computation

Li, Yan and Wen, Peng. 2005. "Bayesian model for brain computation." Wu, Jinglong and Ito, Koji (ed.) 1st International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering (CME 2005). Takamatsu, Japan 15 - 18 May 2005 Kagawa, Japan.

Service-mining Based on the Knowledge and Customer Databases

Wang, Hu, Gong, Chunqiang and Li, Yan. 2007. "Service-mining Based on the Knowledge and Customer Databases ." 6th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS 2007). Melbourne, Australia 11 - 13 Jul 2007 United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIS.2007.165

Comparison study of different head model structures with homogeneous/inhomogeneous conductivity

Wen, P. and Li, Y.. 2001. "Comparison study of different head model structures with homogeneous/inhomogeneous conductivity." Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine. 24 (1), pp. 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03178283