New insights into the life cycle of the wheat powdery mildew: direct observation of ascosporic infection in Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici

Article

Jankovics, Tünde, Komaromi, Judit, Fabian, Attila, Jager, Katalin, Vida, Gyula and Kiss, Levente. 2015. "New insights into the life cycle of the wheat powdery mildew: direct observation of ascosporic infection in Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici." Phytopathology: International Journal of the American Phytopathological Society. 105 (6), pp. 797-804. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-14-0268-R
Article Title

New insights into the life cycle of the wheat powdery mildew: direct observation of ascosporic infection in Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici

ERA Journal ID2639
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsJankovics, Tünde (Author), Komaromi, Judit (Author), Fabian, Attila (Author), Jager, Katalin (Author), Vida, Gyula (Author) and Kiss, Levente (Author)
Journal TitlePhytopathology: International Journal of the American Phytopathological Society
Journal Citation105 (6), pp. 797-804
Number of Pages8
Year2015
PublisherAmerican Phytopathological Society
Place of PublicationUnited States
ISSN0031-949X
1943-7684
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-14-0268-R
Web Address (URL)http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/abs/10.1094/PHYTO-10-14-0268-R
Abstract

Although Blumeria graminis is an intensively studied pathogen, an important part of its life cycle (namely, the way ascospores initiate primary infections on cereal leaves) has not yet been explored in detail. This study reports, for the first time, the direct observation of this process in B. graminis f. sp. tritici using light and confocal laserscanning microscopy. All the germinated ascospores produced a single germ tube type both in vitro and on host plant surfaces; therefore, the ascosporic and conidial germination patterns are markedly different in this fungus, in contrast to other powdery mildews. Germinated ascospores penetrated the epidermal cells of wheat leaves and produced haustoria as known in the case of conidial infections. This work confirmed earlier studies reporting that B. graminis chasmothecia collected from the field do not contain mature ascospores, only asci filled with protoplasm; ascospore development is induced by moist conditions and is a fast process compared with other powdery mildews. Although ascosporic infections are frequent in B. graminis f. sp. tritici in the field, as shown by this study and other works as well, a recent analysis of the genomes of four isolates revealed the signs of clonal or near-clonal reproduction. Therefore, chasmothecia and ascospores are probably more important as oversummering structures than genetic recombination factors in the life cycle of this pathogen.

KeywordsBlumeria graminis; Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici; Erysiphales; Fungi; Triticum aestivum; Ascomycetes; cereal; cytology; fungus spore; genetics; microbiology; physiology; plant disease; plant leaf; wheat; Ascomycota; cereals; plant diseases; plant leaves; spores, fungal; Triticum
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020310705. Mycology
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Byline AffiliationsHungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary
Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungary
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q422v/new-insights-into-the-life-cycle-of-the-wheat-powdery-mildew-direct-observation-of-ascosporic-infection-in-blumeria-graminis-f-sp-tritici

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Kiss, Levente. 2012. "Limits of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences as species barcodes for Fungi." University of Adelaide. 109 (27), p. 1811. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1207143109
Host phenology and geography as drivers of differentiation in generalist fungal mycoparasites
Pintye, Alexandra, Ropars, Jeanne, Harvey, Nick, Shin, Hyeon Dong, Leyronas, Christel, Nicot, Philippe C., Giraud, Tatiana and Kiss, Levente. 2015. "Host phenology and geography as drivers of differentiation in generalist fungal mycoparasites." PLoS One. 10 (3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120703
Does the parasite follow its host? Occurrence of morphologically barely distinguishable powdery mildew anamorphs on Oenothera spp. in different parts of the world
Bereczky, Zsolt, Pintye, Alexandra, Csontos, Peter, Braun, Uwe and Kiss, Levente. 2015. "Does the parasite follow its host? Occurrence of morphologically barely distinguishable powdery mildew anamorphs on Oenothera spp. in different parts of the world." Mycoscience. 56 (3), pp. 267-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.myc.2014.08.001
First detection of tomato powdery mildew caused by Oidium neolycopersici in South Africa
Lebeda, A., Mieslerova, B., Jankovics, T., Kiss, L. and van der Linde, E. J.. 2015. "First detection of tomato powdery mildew caused by Oidium neolycopersici in South Africa." South African Journal of Botany. 99, pp. 153-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2015.03.196
Refining a method for ascospore viability testing in overwintering chasmothecia of Erysiphe necator
Vagi, Pal, Caffi, Tito, Vaczy, Kalman Zoltan, Nemeth, Mark Z. and Kiss, Levente. 2016. "Refining a method for ascospore viability testing in overwintering chasmothecia of Erysiphe necator." European Journal of Plant Pathology. 144 (4), pp. 799-802. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0797-2
Sporulation rate in culture and mycoparasitic activity, but not mycohost specificity, are the key factors for selecting Ampelomyces strains for biocontrol of grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator)
Legler, Sara Elisabetta, Pintye, Alexandra, Caffi, Tito, Gulyas, Szilvia, Bohar, Gyula, Rossi, Vittorio and Kiss, Levente. 2016. "Sporulation rate in culture and mycoparasitic activity, but not mycohost specificity, are the key factors for selecting Ampelomyces strains for biocontrol of grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator)." European Journal of Plant Pathology. 144 (4), pp. 723-736. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0834-1
Molecular identification and pathogenicity assessment of a rust fungus infecting common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in its native North American range
Kassai-Jager, Edit, Seier, Marion K., Evans, Harry C. and Kiss, Levente. 2016. "Molecular identification and pathogenicity assessment of a rust fungus infecting common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in its native North American range." European Journal of Plant Pathology. 145 (1), pp. 81-87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0815-4