A fresh look at grape powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) A and B genotypes revealed frequent mixed infections and only B genotypes in flag shoot samples

Article


Csikos, Anett, Nemeth, Mark Z., Frenkel, Omer, Kiss, Levente and Vaczy, Kalman Zoltan. 2020. "A fresh look at grape powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) A and B genotypes revealed frequent mixed infections and only B genotypes in flag shoot samples." Plants. 9 (9), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091156
Article Title

A fresh look at grape powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) A and B genotypes revealed frequent mixed infections and
only B genotypes in flag shoot samples

ERA Journal ID213962
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsCsikos, Anett (Author), Nemeth, Mark Z. (Author), Frenkel, Omer (Author), Kiss, Levente (Author) and Vaczy, Kalman Zoltan (Author)
Journal TitlePlants
Journal Citation9 (9), pp. 1-12
Article Number1156
Number of Pages12
Year2020
PublisherMDPI AG
Place of PublicationBasel, Switzerland
ISSN2223-7747
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091156
Web Address (URL)https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/9/1156
Abstract

Erysiphe necator populations, causing powdery mildew of grapes, have a complex genetic structure. Two genotypes, A and B, were identified in most vineyards across the world on the basis of fixed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in several DNA regions. It was hypothesized that A populations overwinter as mycelia in grapevine buds, giving rise to so-called flag shoots in spring, and are more sensitive to fungicides than B populations, which overwinter as ascospores and become widespread later in the season. Other studies concluded that the biological significance of these genotypes is unclear. In the spring of 2015, there was a unique opportunity to collect E. necator samples from flag shoots in Hungary. The same grapevines were sampled in summer and autumn as well. A total of 182 samples were genotyped on the basis of beta-tubulin (TUB2), nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) intergenic spacer (IGS), and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. Genotypes of 56 samples collected in 2009-2011 were used for comparison. Genotype A was not detected at all in spring, and was present in only 19 samples in total, mixed with genotype B, and sometimes with another frequently found genotype, designated as B2. These results did not support the hypothesis about temporal isolation of the two genotypes and indicated that these are randomly distributed in vineyards.

Keywordsoverwintering; population structure; sympatric genetic differentiation; temporal isolation; vineyards; Vitis vinifera
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020310705. Mycology
Byline AffiliationsEszterházy Károly Catholic University, Hungary
Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Israel
Centre for Crop Health
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
Funding source
Grant ID
Széchenyi 2020 programme, the European Regional Development Fund and the Hungarian Government (GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00061)
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