A fresh look at grape powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) A and B genotypes revealed frequent mixed infections and only B genotypes in flag shoot samples

Article

Csikos, Anett, Nemeth, Mark Z., Frenkel, Omer, Kiss, Levente and Vaczy, Kalman Zoltan. 2020. "A fresh look at grape powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) A and B genotypes revealed frequent mixed infections and only B genotypes in flag shoot samples." Plants. 9 (9), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091156
Article Title

A fresh look at grape powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) A and B genotypes revealed frequent mixed infections and
only B genotypes in flag shoot samples

ERA Journal ID213962
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsCsikos, Anett (Author), Nemeth, Mark Z. (Author), Frenkel, Omer (Author), Kiss, Levente (Author) and Vaczy, Kalman Zoltan (Author)
Journal TitlePlants
Journal Citation9 (9), pp. 1-12
Article Number1156
Number of Pages12
Year2020
PublisherMDPI AG
Place of PublicationBasel, Switzerland
ISSN2223-7747
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091156
Web Address (URL)https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/9/1156
Abstract

Erysiphe necator populations, causing powdery mildew of grapes, have a complex genetic structure. Two genotypes, A and B, were identified in most vineyards across the world on the basis of fixed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in several DNA regions. It was hypothesized that A populations overwinter as mycelia in grapevine buds, giving rise to so-called flag shoots in spring, and are more sensitive to fungicides than B populations, which overwinter as ascospores and become widespread later in the season. Other studies concluded that the biological significance of these genotypes is unclear. In the spring of 2015, there was a unique opportunity to collect E. necator samples from flag shoots in Hungary. The same grapevines were sampled in summer and autumn as well. A total of 182 samples were genotyped on the basis of beta-tubulin (TUB2), nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) intergenic spacer (IGS), and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. Genotypes of 56 samples collected in 2009-2011 were used for comparison. Genotype A was not detected at all in spring, and was present in only 19 samples in total, mixed with genotype B, and sometimes with another frequently found genotype, designated as B2. These results did not support the hypothesis about temporal isolation of the two genotypes and indicated that these are randomly distributed in vineyards.

Keywordsoverwintering; population structure; sympatric genetic differentiation; temporal isolation; vineyards; Vitis vinifera
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020310705. Mycology
Byline AffiliationsEszterházy Károly Catholic University, Hungary
Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Israel
Centre for Crop Health
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
Funding source
Grant ID
Széchenyi 2020 programme, the European Regional Development Fund and the Hungarian Government (GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00061)
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Pintye, Alexandra, Legler, Sara Elisabetta and Kiss, Levente. 2011. "New records of microcyclic conidiogenesis in some powdery mildew fungi." Mycoscience. 52 (3), pp. 213-216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-010-0093-0
Peach rusty spot is caused by the apple powdery mildew fungus, Podosphaera leucotricha
Jankovics, Tünde, Dolovac, Nenad, Bulajic, Aleksandra, Krstic, Branka, Pascal, Thierry, Bardin, Marc, Nicot, Philippe C. and Kiss, Levente. 2011. "Peach rusty spot is caused by the apple powdery mildew fungus, Podosphaera leucotricha." Plant Disease: an international journal of applied plant pathology. 95 (6), pp. 719-724. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-10-0711
Limits of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences as species barcodes for Fungi
Kiss, Levente. 2012. "Limits of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences as species barcodes for Fungi." University of Adelaide. 109 (27), p. 1811. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1207143109
Host phenology and geography as drivers of differentiation in generalist fungal mycoparasites
Pintye, Alexandra, Ropars, Jeanne, Harvey, Nick, Shin, Hyeon Dong, Leyronas, Christel, Nicot, Philippe C., Giraud, Tatiana and Kiss, Levente. 2015. "Host phenology and geography as drivers of differentiation in generalist fungal mycoparasites." PLoS One. 10 (3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120703
Does the parasite follow its host? Occurrence of morphologically barely distinguishable powdery mildew anamorphs on Oenothera spp. in different parts of the world
Bereczky, Zsolt, Pintye, Alexandra, Csontos, Peter, Braun, Uwe and Kiss, Levente. 2015. "Does the parasite follow its host? Occurrence of morphologically barely distinguishable powdery mildew anamorphs on Oenothera spp. in different parts of the world." Mycoscience. 56 (3), pp. 267-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.myc.2014.08.001
First detection of tomato powdery mildew caused by Oidium neolycopersici in South Africa
Lebeda, A., Mieslerova, B., Jankovics, T., Kiss, L. and van der Linde, E. J.. 2015. "First detection of tomato powdery mildew caused by Oidium neolycopersici in South Africa." South African Journal of Botany. 99, pp. 153-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2015.03.196
Refining a method for ascospore viability testing in overwintering chasmothecia of Erysiphe necator
Vagi, Pal, Caffi, Tito, Vaczy, Kalman Zoltan, Nemeth, Mark Z. and Kiss, Levente. 2016. "Refining a method for ascospore viability testing in overwintering chasmothecia of Erysiphe necator." European Journal of Plant Pathology. 144 (4), pp. 799-802. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0797-2
Sporulation rate in culture and mycoparasitic activity, but not mycohost specificity, are the key factors for selecting Ampelomyces strains for biocontrol of grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator)
Legler, Sara Elisabetta, Pintye, Alexandra, Caffi, Tito, Gulyas, Szilvia, Bohar, Gyula, Rossi, Vittorio and Kiss, Levente. 2016. "Sporulation rate in culture and mycoparasitic activity, but not mycohost specificity, are the key factors for selecting Ampelomyces strains for biocontrol of grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator)." European Journal of Plant Pathology. 144 (4), pp. 723-736. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0834-1
Molecular identification and pathogenicity assessment of a rust fungus infecting common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in its native North American range
Kassai-Jager, Edit, Seier, Marion K., Evans, Harry C. and Kiss, Levente. 2016. "Molecular identification and pathogenicity assessment of a rust fungus infecting common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in its native North American range." European Journal of Plant Pathology. 145 (1), pp. 81-87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0815-4