One Crop Disease, How Many Pathogens? Podosphaera xanthii and Erysiphe vignae sp. nov. Identified as the Two Species that Cause Powdery Mildew of Mungbean (Vigna radiata) and Black Gram (V. mungo) in Australia
Article
Article Title | One Crop Disease, How Many Pathogens? Podosphaera xanthii and Erysiphe vignae sp. nov. Identified as the Two Species that Cause Powdery Mildew of Mungbean (Vigna radiata) and Black Gram (V. mungo) in Australia |
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ERA Journal ID | 2639 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Kelly, Lisa A. (Author), Vaghefi, Niloofar (Author), Bransgrove, Kaylene (Author), Fechner, Nigel A. (Author), Stuart, Kara (Author), Pandey, Abhay K. (Author), Sharma, Mamta (Author), Nemeth, Mark Z. (Author), Liu, Shu-Yan (Author), Tang, Shu-Rong (Author), Nair, Ramakrishnan M. (Author), Douglas, Colin A. (Author) and Kiss, Levente (Author) |
Journal Title | Phytopathology: International Journal of the American Phytopathological Society |
Journal Citation | 111 (7), pp. 1193-1206 |
Number of Pages | 14 |
Year | 2021 |
Publisher | American Phytopathological Society |
Place of Publication | United States |
ISSN | 0031-949X |
1943-7684 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-12-20-0554-R |
Web Address (URL) | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PHYTO-12-20-0554-R |
Abstract | Powdery mildew is a significant threat to mungbean (Vigna radiata) and black gram (V. mungo) production across Australia and overseas. Although they have been present in Australia for at least six decades and are easily recognized in the field, the precise identification of the pathogens causing this disease has remained unclear. Our goal was to identify the powdery mildew species infecting mungbean, black gram, and wild mungbean (V. radiata ssp. sublobata) in Australia. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit sequences of the ribosomal DNA and/or morphology of 57 Australian specimens were examined. Mungbean and black gram were infected by two species: Podosphaera xanthii and a newly recognized taxon, Erysiphe vignae sp. nov. Wild mungbean was infected only with P. xanthii. Mungbean and black gram powdery mildew ITS sequences from China, India, and Taiwan revealed the presence of only P. xanthii on these crops despite controversial reports of an Erysiphe species on both crops in India. Sequence analyses indicated that the closest relative of E. vignae is E. diffusa, which infects soybean (Glycine max) and other plants. E. vignae did not infect soybean in cross-inoculation tests. In turn, E. diffusa from soybean infected black gram and provoked hypersensitive response in mungbean. The recognition of a second species, E. vignae, as another causal agent of mungbean and black gram powdery mildew in Australia may complicate plant breeding efforts and control of the disease with fungicide applications. |
Keywords | Erysiphe diffusa; Erysiphe polygoni; Erysiphe vignae; Etiology; Fungal pathogens; New powdery mildew species; Pathogen detection; Podosphaera xanthii; Taxonomy; Vigna mungo; Vigna radiata (syn. Phaseolus aureus) |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 310705. Mycology |
Byline Affiliations | Centre for Crop Health |
Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland | |
Queensland Herbarium, Australia | |
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India | |
Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary | |
Jilin Agricultural University, China | |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q6xw4/one-crop-disease-how-many-pathogens-podosphaera-xanthii-and-erysiphe-vignae-sp-nov-identified-as-the-two-species-that-cause-powdery-mildew-of-mungbean-vigna-radiata-and-black-gram-v-mungo-in-australia
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