The prevalence and correlates of sitting in European adults - a comparison of 32 Eurobarometer-participating countries

Article


Bennie, Jason A., Chau, Josephine Y., van der Ploeg, Hidde P., Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Do, Anna and Bauman, Adrian. 2013. "The prevalence and correlates of sitting in European adults - a comparison of 32 Eurobarometer-participating countries." International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 10 (107), pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-107
Article Title

The prevalence and correlates of sitting in European adults - a comparison of 32 Eurobarometer-participating countries

ERA Journal ID13586
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsBennie, Jason A. (Author), Chau, Josephine Y. (Author), van der Ploeg, Hidde P. (Author), Stamatakis, Emmanuel (Author), Do, Anna (Author) and Bauman, Adrian (Author)
Journal TitleInternational Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
Journal Citation10 (107), pp. 1-13
Number of Pages13
Year2013
Place of PublicationUnited Kingdom
ISSN1479-5868
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-107
Web Address (URL)https://ijbnpa.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1479-5868-10-107
Abstract

Background

Prolonged sitting is an emerging health risk. However, multi-country comparative sitting data are sparse. This paper reports the prevalence and correlates of sitting time in 32 European countries.

Methods

Data from the Eurobarometer 64.3 study were used, which included nationally representative samples (n = 304-1,102) from 32 European countries. Face-to-face interviews were conducted during November and December 2005. Usual weekday sitting time was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (short-version). Sitting time was compared by country, age, gender, years of education, general health status, usual activity and physical activity. Multivariable-adjusted analyses assessed the odds of belonging to the highest sitting quartile.

Results

Data were available for 27,637 adults aged 15–98 years. Overall, mean reported weekday sitting time was 309 min/day (SD 184 min/day). There was a broad geographical pattern and some of the lowest amounts of daily sitting were reported in southern (Malta and Portugal means 194–236 min/day) and eastern (Romania and Hungary means 191–276 min/day) European countries; and some of the highest amounts of daily sitting were reported in northern European countries (Germany, Benelux and Scandinavian countries; means 407–335 min/day). Multivariable-adjusted analyses showed adults with low physical activity levels (OR = 5.10, CI95 = 4.60-5.66), those with high sitting in their main daily activity (OR = 2.99, CI95 = 2.74-3.25), those with a bad/very bad general health state (OR = 1.87, CI95 = 1.63-2.15) and higher education levels (OR = 1.48, CI95 = 1.38-1.59) were more likely to be in the highest quartile of daily sitting time. Adults within Greece (OR = 2.91, CI95 = 2.51-3.36) and Netherlands (OR = 2.56, CI95 = 2.22-2.94) were most likely to be in the highest quartile. High-sit/low-active participants comprised 10.1% of the sample. Adults self-reporting bad/very bad general health state (OR = 4.74, CI95 = 3.97-5.65), those within high sitting in their main daily activities (OR = 2.87, CI95 = 2.52-3.26) and adults aged ≥65 years (OR = 1.53, CI95 = 1.19-1.96) and were more likely to be in the high-sit/low-active group.

Conclusions

Weekday sitting time and its demographic correlates varied considerably across European countries, with adults in north-western European countries sitting the most. Sitting is prevalent across Europe and merits attention by preventive interventions.

KeywordsSitting; Adults; Europe; Prevalence; Correlates
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020420702. Exercise physiology
Byline AffiliationsUniversity of Sydney
VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Netherlands
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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Tremblay, Mark S., Aubert, Salome, Barnes, Joel D., Saunders, Travis J., Carson, Valerie, Latimer-Cheung, Amy E., Chastin, Sebastien F. M., Altenburg, Teatske M., Chinapaw, Mai J. M., Aminian, S., Arundell, L., Atkin, A.J., Barone-Gibbs, Bethany, Bassett-Gunter, R., Belanger, K., Biddle, S.J.H., Biswas, A., Carson, V., Chaput, J.P., ..., Wondergem, R.. 2017. "Sedentary Behavior Research Network (SBRN) - Terminology Consensus Project process and outcomes." International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 14, pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0525-8
Equity of a government subsidised exercise referral scheme: a population study
Craike, Melinda, Wiesner, Glen, Enticott, Joanne, Bennie, Jason A. and Biddle, Stuart J. H.. 2018. "Equity of a government subsidised exercise referral scheme: a population study." Social Science and Medicine. 216, pp. 20-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.023
Weekend warrior physical activity pattern and common mental disorder: a population wide study of 108,011 British adults
Hamer, Mark, Biddle, Stuart J. H. and Stamatakis, Emmanuel. 2017. "Weekend warrior physical activity pattern and common mental disorder: a population wide study of 108,011 British adults." International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 14, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0549-0
How does light-intensity physical activity associate with adult cardiometabolic health and mortality? Systematic review with meta-analysis of experimental and observational studies
Chastin, Sebastien F. M., De Craemer, Marieke, De Cocker, Katrien, Powell, Lauren, Van Cauwenberg, Jelle, Dall, Philippa, Hamer, Mark and Stamatakis, Emmanuel. 2019. "How does light-intensity physical activity associate with adult cardiometabolic health and mortality? Systematic review with meta-analysis of experimental and observational studies." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 53 (6), pp. 370-376. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-097563
The epidemiology of aerobic physical activity and muscle-strengthening activity guideline adherence among 383,928 U.S. adults
Bennie, Jason A., De Cocker, Katien, Teychenne, Megan J., Brown, Wendy J. and Biddle, Stuart J. H.. 2019. "The epidemiology of aerobic physical activity and muscle-strengthening activity guideline adherence among 383,928 U.S. adults." International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 16, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0797-2
'In Initiative Overload': Australian Perspectives on Promoting Physical Activity in the Workplace from Diverse Industries
Chau, Josephine Y., Engelen, Lina, Kolbe-Alexander, Tracy, Young, Sarah, Olsen, Heidi, Gilson, Nicholas, Burton, Nicola W., Bauman, Adrian E. and Brown, Wendy J.. 2019. "'In Initiative Overload': Australian Perspectives on Promoting Physical Activity in the Workplace from Diverse Industries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 16 (3), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030516
Associations between aerobic and muscle-strengthening exercise with depressive symptom severity among 17,839 U.S. adults
Bennie, Jason A., Teychenne, Megan J., De Cocker, Katrien and Biddle, Stuart J. H.. 2019. "Associations between aerobic and muscle-strengthening exercise with depressive symptom severity among 17,839 U.S. adults." Preventive Medicine. 121, pp. 121-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.02.022
A descriptive epidemiology of screen-based devices by children and adolescents: a scoping review of 130 surveillance studies since 2000
Thomas, George, Bennie, Jason A., De Cocker, Katrien, Castro, Oscar and Biddle, Stuart J. H.. 2020. "A descriptive epidemiology of screen-based devices by children and adolescents: a scoping review of 130 surveillance studies since 2000." Child Indicators Research. 13 (3), pp. 935-950. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-019-09663-1
A global systematic scoping review of studies analysing indicators, development, and content of national-level physical activity and sedentary behaviour policies
Klepac-Pogrmilovic, Bojana, O'Sullivan, Grant, Milton, Karen, Biddle, Stuart J. H., Bauman, Adrian, Bull, Fiona, Kahlmeier, Sonja, Pratt, Michael and Pedisic, Zeljko. 2018. "A global systematic scoping review of studies analysing indicators, development, and content of national-level physical activity and sedentary behaviour policies." International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 15 (1), pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0742-9
Correlates of sedentary behaviour in university students: a systematic review
Castro, Oscar, Bennie, Jason, Vergeer, Ineke, Bosselut, Gregoire and Biddle, Stuart J. H.. 2018. "Correlates of sedentary behaviour in university students: a systematic review." Preventive Medicine. 116, pp. 194-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.09.016
Feasibility for the use of a standardized fitness testing protocol among Australian fitness industry professionals
Bennie, Jason A., Wiesner, Glen H., Vergeer, Ineke, Kolbe-Alexander, Tracy, De Cocker, Katrien, Alexander, Chris and Biddle, Stuart J. H.. 2018. "Feasibility for the use of a standardized fitness testing protocol among Australian fitness industry professionals." Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 89 (3), pp. 380-385. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2018.1486965
Australian fitness professionals' level of interest in engaging with high health-risk population subgroups: findings from a national survey
Bennie, J. A., Thomas, G., Wiesner, G. H., van Uffelen, J. G. Z., Khan, A., Kolbe-Alexander, T., Vergeer, I. and Biddle, S. J. H.. 2018. "Australian fitness professionals' level of interest in engaging with high health-risk population subgroups: findings from a national survey." Public Health. 160, pp. 108-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2018.03.035
From evidence-based research to practice-based evidence: disseminating a web-based computer-tailored workplace sitting intervention through a Health Promotion Organisation
De Cocker, Katrien, Cardon, Greet, Bennie, Jason A., Kolbe-Alexander, Tracy, De Meester, Femke and Vandelanotte, Corneel. 2018. "From evidence-based research to practice-based evidence: disseminating a web-based computer-tailored workplace sitting intervention through a Health Promotion Organisation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 15 (5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15051049
Participant characteristics of users of holistic movement practices in Australia
Vergeer, Ineke, Bennie, Jason A., Charity, Melanie J., van Uffelen, Jannique G. Z., Harvey, Jack T., Biddle, Stuart J. H. and Eime, Rochelle M.. 2018. "Participant characteristics of users of holistic movement practices in Australia." Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 31, pp. 181-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.02.011
Screen time, other sedentary behaviours, and obesity risk in adults: a review of reviews
Biddle, Stuart J. H., Bengoechea Garcia, Enrique, Pedisic, Zeljko, Bennie, Jason, Vergeer, Ineke and Wiesner, Glen. 2017. "Screen time, other sedentary behaviours, and obesity risk in adults: a review of reviews." Current Obesity Reports. 6 (2), pp. 134-147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-017-0256-9
Associations between multiple indicators of socio-economic status and muscle-strengthening activity participation in a nationally representative population sample of Australian adults
Freeston, Jonathan, Gale, Joanne, Mavros, Yorgi, Bennie, Jason A., Pedisic, Zeljko, Bauman, Adrian E. and Stamatakis, Emmanuel. 2017. "Associations between multiple indicators of socio-economic status and muscle-strengthening activity participation in a nationally representative population sample of Australian adults." Preventive Medicine. 102, pp. 44-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.06.020
Participation trends in holistic movement practices: a 10-year comparison of yoga/pilates and t’ai chi/qigong use among a national sample of 195,926 Australians
Vergeer, Ineke, Bennie, Jason A., Charity, Melanie J., Harvey, Jack T., van Uffelen, Jannique G. Z., Biddle, Stuart J. H. and Eime, Rochelle M.. 2017. "Participation trends in holistic movement practices: a 10-year comparison of yoga/pilates and t’ai chi/qigong use among a national sample of 195,926 Australians." BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies. 17 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-017-1800-6
Assessment and monitoring practices of Australian fitness professionals
Bennie, Jason A., Wiesner, Glen H., van Uffelen, Jannique G. Z., Harvey, Jack T., Craike, Melinda J. and Biddle, Stuart J. H.. 2018. "Assessment and monitoring practices of Australian fitness professionals." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 21 (4), pp. 433-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2017.07.010
The descriptive epidemiology of total physical activity, muscle-strengthening exercises and sedentary behaviour among Australian adults - results from the National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey
Bennie, Jason A., Pedisic, Zeljko, van Uffelen, Jannique G. Z., Gale, Joanne, Banting, Lauren K., Vergeer, Ineke, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Bauman, Adrian E. and Biddle, Stuart J. H.. 2016. "The descriptive epidemiology of total physical activity, muscle-strengthening exercises and sedentary behaviour among Australian adults - results from the National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey." BMC Public Health. 16 (73). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2736-3
Pumping iron in Australia: prevalence, trends and sociodemographic correlates of muscle strengthening activity participation from a national sample of 195,926 adults
Bennie, Jason A., Pedisic, Zeljko, van Uffelen, Jannique G. Z., Charity, Melanie J., Harvey, Jack T., Banting, Lauren K., Vergeer, Ineke, Biddle, Stuart J. H. and Eime, Rochelle M.. 2016. "Pumping iron in Australia: prevalence, trends and sociodemographic correlates of muscle strengthening activity participation from a national sample of 195,926 adults." PLoS One. 11 (4), pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153225
Too much sitting and cardio-metabolic risk: an update of epidemiological evidence
Bauman, Adrian E., Chau, Josephine Y., Ding, Ding and Bennie, Jason. 2013. "Too much sitting and cardio-metabolic risk: an update of epidemiological evidence." Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports. 7 (4), pp. 293-298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12170-013-0316-y
Total and domain-specific sitting time among employees in desk-based work settings in Australia
Bennie, Jason A., Pedisic, Zeljko, Timperio, Anna, Crawford, David, Dunstan, David, Bauman, Adrian, van Uffelen, Jannique and Salmon, Jo. 2015. "Total and domain-specific sitting time among employees in desk-based work settings in Australia." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health. 39 (3), pp. 237-242. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12293
Levels and correlates of domain-specific physical activity in university students: cross-sectional findings from Croatia | [Razina i korelati tjelesne aktivnosti u razliĉitim domenama kod studenata: Rezultati transverzalnog istraẑivanja iz Hrvatske]
Pedisic, Zeljko, Rakovac, Marija, Bennie, Jason, Jurakic, Danijel and Bauman, Adrian E.. 2014. "Levels and correlates of domain-specific physical activity in university students: cross-sectional findings from Croatia | [Razina i korelati tjelesne aktivnosti u razliĉitim domenama kod studenata: Rezultati transverzalnog istraẑivanja iz Hrvatske]." Kinesiology. 46 (1), pp. 12-22.
Policy and practice impacts of applied research: a case study analysis of the New South Wales Health Promotion Demonstration Research Grants Scheme 2000–2006
Milat, Andrew J., Laws, Rachel, King, Lesley, Newson, Robyn, Rychetnik, Lucie, Rissel, Chris, Bauman, Adrian E., Redman, Sally and Bennie, Jason. 2013. "Policy and practice impacts of applied research: a case study analysis of the New South Wales Health Promotion Demonstration Research Grants Scheme 2000–2006." Health Research Policy and Systems. 11 (5), pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-4505-11-5
Workplace Sitting Breaks Questionnaire (SITBRQ): an assessment of concurrent validity and test-retest reliability
Pedisic, Zeljko, Bennie, Jason A., Timperio, Anna F., Crawford, David A., Dunstan, David W., Bauman, Adrian E. and Salmon, Jo. 2014. "Workplace Sitting Breaks Questionnaire (SITBRQ): an assessment of concurrent validity and test-retest reliability." BMC Public Health. 14 (1), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-1249
Unaccustomed eccentric contractions impair plasma K+ regulation in the absence of changes in muscle Na+,K+-ATPase content
Goodman, Craig A., Bennie, Jason A., Leikis, Murray J. and McKenna, Michael J.. 2014. "Unaccustomed eccentric contractions impair plasma K+ regulation in the absence of changes in muscle Na+,K+-ATPase content." PLoS One. 9 (6), pp. e101039-1. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101039
Sitting behaviour is not associated with incident diabetes over 13 years: The Whitehall II cohort study
Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Pulsford, Richard M., Brunner, Eric J., Britton, Annie R., Bauman, Adrian E., Biddle, Stuart J. H. and Hillsdon, Melvyn. 2017. "Sitting behaviour is not associated with incident diabetes over 13 years: The Whitehall II cohort study." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 51 (10), pp. 818-823. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096723
Self-reported health-enhancing physical activity recommendation adherence among 64,380 finnish adults
Bennie, J. A., Pedisic, Z., Suni, J. H., Tokola, K., Husu, P., Biddle, S. J. H. and Vasankari, T.. 2017. "Self-reported health-enhancing physical activity recommendation adherence among 64,380 finnish adults." Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 27 (2), pp. 1842-1853. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12863
Variations in area-level disadvantage of Australian registered fitness trainers usual training locations
Bennie, Jason A., van Uffelen, Jannique G. Z., Banting, Lauren K., Biddle, Stuart J. H. and Thornton, Lukar E.. 2016. "Variations in area-level disadvantage of Australian registered fitness trainers usual training locations." BMC Public Health. 16, pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3250-3
Too much sitting and all-cause mortality: is there a causal link?
Biddle, Stuart J. H., Bennie, Jason A., Bauman, Adrian E., Chau, Josephine Y., Dunstan, David, Owen, Neville, Stamatakis, Emmanuel and van Uffelen, Jannique G. Z.. 2016. "Too much sitting and all-cause mortality: is there a causal link?" BMC Public Health. 16, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3307-3
The association between daily steps and health, and the mediating role of body composition: a pedometer-based, cross-sectional study in an employed South African population
Pillay, Julian D., van der Ploeg, Hidde P., Kolbe-Alexander, Tracy L., Proper, Karin I., van Stralen, Maartjie, Tomaz, Simone A., van Mechelen, Willem and Lambert, Eztelle V.. 2015. "The association between daily steps and health, and the mediating role of body composition: a pedometer-based, cross-sectional study in an employed South African population." BMC Public Health. 15 (174), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1381-6
Associations between social ecological factors and self-reported short physical activity breaks during work hours among desk-based employees
Bennie, Jason A., Timperio, Anna F., Crawford, David A., Dunstan, David W. and Salmon, Jo L.. 2011. "Associations between social ecological factors and self-reported short physical activity breaks during work hours among desk-based employees." Preventive Medicine. 53 (1-2), pp. 44-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.05.015