Alkali-silica reaction in waterglass-activated slag mortars incorporating fly ash and metakaolin

Article

Shi, Zhenguo, Shi, Caijun, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Zuhua and Ou, Zhihua. 2018. "Alkali-silica reaction in waterglass-activated slag mortars incorporating fly ash and metakaolin." Cement and Concrete Research. 108, pp. 10-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.03.002

Article Title	Alkali-silica reaction in waterglass-activated slag mortars incorporating fly ash and metakaolin
ERA Journal ID	4164
Article Category	Article
Authors	Shi, Zhenguo (Author), Shi, Caijun (Author), Zhang, Jian (Author), Zhang, Zuhua (Author) and Ou, Zhihua
Journal Title	Cement and Concrete Research
Journal Citation	108, pp. 10-19
Number of Pages	10
Year	2018
Publisher	Elsevier
Place of Publication	Oxford, United Kingdom
ISSN	0008-8846
	1873-3948
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.03.002
Web Address (URL)	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0008884617313200#ac0005
Abstract	Mitigation of alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in concrete is essential for durable and sustainable constructions. In conventional Portland cement-based concrete, alumina-rich supplementary cementitious materials such as low-calcium fly ash and metakaolin have been successfully used to mitigate ASR. Such effect has not been investigated for alkali-activated slag based materials. In this study, ASR expansion, changes in mortar weight and pore solution alkalinity have been studied. XRD and SEM/EDX have been employed to examine the reaction products and degradation of aggregates. The results demonstrate that there is an optimum dosage of fly ash to reduce ASR expansion of the studied mortars, whereas ASR expansion decreases with increasing the amount of metakaolin. It is found that the amount of ASR product formed is minor in the studied mortars with highest expansion. The pore solution alkalinity of the studied mortars is the main factor which controls the ASR in the alkali-activated slag mortars.
Keywords	alkali-activated cement; alkali-silica reaction; slag; fly ash; metakaolin
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020	401602. Composite and hybrid materials
Public Notes	Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions.
Byline Affiliations	Hunan University, China
	Centre for Future Materials
	Hunan University of Technology, China
Institution of Origin	University of Southern Queensland

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Iyu, Bangcheng, Wang, Aiguo, Zhang, Zuhua, Liu, Kaiwei, Xu, Haiyan, Shi, Liang and Sun, Daosheng. 2019. "Coral aggregate concrete: Numerical description of physical, chemical and morphological properties of coral aggregate." Cement and Concrete Composites. 100, pp. 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2019.03.016

Autogenous and drying shrinkage of alkali‐activated slag mortars

Hu, Xiang, Shi, Caijun, Zhang, Zuhua and Hu, Zhangli. 2019. "Autogenous and drying shrinkage of alkali‐activated slag mortars." Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 102 (8), pp. 4963-4975. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.16349

Investigation of the waterproof property of alkali-activated metakaolin geopolymer added with rice husk ash

Liang, Guangwei, Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Zuhua, Wu, Qisheng and Du, Jianzhou. 2019. "Investigation of the waterproof property of alkali-activated metakaolin geopolymer added with rice husk ash." Journal of Cleaner Production. 230, pp. 603-612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.111

A review on mixture design methods for geopolymer concrete

Li, Ning, Shi, Caijun, Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao and Liu, Yiwei. 2019. "A review on mixture design methods for geopolymer concrete." Composites Part B: Engineering. 178, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107490

Carbonation induced phase evolution in alkali-activated slag/fly ash cements: The effect of silicate modulus of activators

Zhang, Jian, Shi, Caijun and Zhang, Zuhua. 2019. "Carbonation induced phase evolution in alkali-activated slag/fly ash cements: The effect of silicate modulus of activators." Construction and Building Materials. 223, pp. 566-582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.024

Effects of calcined dolomite addition on reaction kinetics of one-part sodium carbonate-activated slag cements

Yang, Tao, Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Wei, Gao, Yanan, Zhang, Xiaocheng and Wu, Qisheng. 2019. "Effects of calcined dolomite addition on reaction kinetics of one-part sodium carbonate-activated slag cements." Construction and Building Materials. 211, pp. 329-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.245

Re-examining the suitability of high magnesium nickel slag as precursors for alkali-activated materials

Yang, Tao, Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Huajun, Gao, Xuan, Dai, Chengdong and Wu, Qisheng. 2019. "Re-examining the suitability of high magnesium nickel slag as precursors for alkali-activated materials." Construction and Building Materials. 213, pp. 109-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.04.063

Understanding the roles of activators towards setting and hardening control of alkali-activated slag cement

Li, Ning, Shi, Caijun and Zhang, Zuhua. 2019. "Understanding the roles of activators towards setting and hardening control of alkali-activated slag cement." Composites Part B: Engineering. 171, pp. 34-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.04.024

Chloride binding of alkali-activated slag/fly ash cements

Zhang, Jian, Shi, Caijiun and Zhang, Zuhua. 2019. "Chloride binding of alkali-activated slag/fly ash cements." Construction and Building Materials. 226 (30), pp. 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.281

Durability of alkali-activated materials in aggressive environments: A review on recent studies

Zhang, Jian, Shi, Caijun, Zhang, Zuhua and Ou, Zhihua. 2017. "Durability of alkali-activated materials in aggressive environments: A review on recent studies ." Construction and Building Materials. 152, pp. 598-613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.027

Partial replacement of metakaolin with thermally treated rice husk ash in metakaolin-based geopolymer

Zhu, Huajun, Liang, Guangwei, Zhang, Zuhua, Wu, Qisheng and Du, Jianzhou. 2019. "Partial replacement of metakaolin with thermally treated rice husk ash in metakaolin-based geopolymer." Construction and Building Materials. 221, pp. 527-538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.112

Effect of rice husk ash addition on the compressive strength and thermal stability of metakaolin based geopolymer

Liang, Guangwei, Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Zuhua and Wu, Qisheng. 2019. "Effect of rice husk ash addition on the compressive strength and thermal stability of metakaolin based geopolymer." Construction and Building Materials. 222, pp. 872-881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.200

Water absorption and chloride diffusivity of concrete under the coupling effect of uniaxial compressive load and freeze-thaw cycles

Wang, Yanru, Cao, Yubin, Zhang, Peng, Ma, Yuwei, Zhao, Tiejun, Wang, Hao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2019. "Water absorption and chloride diffusivity of concrete under the coupling effect of uniaxial compressive load and freeze-thaw cycles." Construction and Building Materials. 209, pp. 566-576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.091

Effect of drying procedures on pore structure and phase evolution of alkali-activated cements

Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Yingcan, Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Yu, Provis, John L. and Wang, Hao. 2019. "Effect of drying procedures on pore structure and phase evolution of alkali-activated cements." Cement and Concrete Composites. 96, pp. 194-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.12.003

Comparative Study on the drying shrinkage and mechanical properties of geopolymer foam concrete incorporating different dosages of fiber, sand and foam agents

Abdollahnejad, Zahra, Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao and Mastali, Mohammad. 2018. "Comparative Study on the drying shrinkage and mechanical properties of geopolymer foam concrete incorporating different dosages of fiber, sand and foam agents." Hordijk, D. A. and Lukovic, M. (ed.) 2017 fib Symposium: High Tech Concrete: Where Technology and Engineering Meet. Maastricht, The Netherlands 12 - 14 Jun 2017 Cham, Switzerland.

Efflorescence and subflorescence induced microstructural and mechanical evolution in fly ash-based geopolymers

Zhang, Zuhua, Provis, John L., Reid, Andrew and Wang, Hao. 2018. "Efflorescence and subflorescence induced microstructural and mechanical evolution in fly ash-based geopolymers." Cement and Concrete Composites. 92, pp. 165-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.06.010

Effect of calcined dolomite addition on sodium carbonate-activated slag cements with different curing methods

Zhang, Wei, Yao, Xiao, Yang, Tao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2019. "Effect of calcined dolomite addition on sodium carbonate-activated slag cements with different curing methods." Advances in Cement Research. 31 (8), pp. 370-381. https://doi.org/10.1680/jadcr.17.00204

Increasing mechanical strength and acid resistance of geopolymers by incorporating different siliceous materials

Zhang, Wei, Yao, Xiao, Yang, Tao, Liu, Cun and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "Increasing mechanical strength and acid resistance of geopolymers by incorporating different siliceous materials." Construction and Building Materials. 175, pp. 411-421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.03.195

The degradation mechanisms of alkali-activated fly ash/slag blend cements exposed to sulphuric acid

Zhang, Wei, Yao, Xiao, Yang, Tao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "The degradation mechanisms of alkali-activated fly ash/slag blend cements exposed to sulphuric acid." Construction and Building Materials. 186, pp. 1177-1187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.08.050

A mixture proportioning method for the development of performance-based alkali-activated slag-based concrete

Li, Ning, Shi, Caijun, Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Deju, Hwang, Hyeon-Jong, Zhu, Yuhan and Sun, Tengjiao. 2018. "A mixture proportioning method for the development of performance-based alkali-activated slag-based concrete." Cement and Concrete Composites. 93, pp. 163-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.07.009

The development of coral concretes and their upgrading technologies: a critical review

Wang, Aiguo, Lyu, Bangcheng, Zhang, Zuhua, Liu, Kaiwei, Xu, Haiyan and Sun, Daosheng. 2018. "The development of coral concretes and their upgrading technologies: a critical review." Construction and Building Materials. 187, pp. 1004-1019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.07.202

Synthesis of zeolite P1 from fly ash under solvent-free conditions for ammonium removal from water

Liu, Yi, Yan, Chunjie, Zhao, Junjie, Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hongquan, Zhou, Sen and Wu, Linmei. 2018. "Synthesis of zeolite P1 from fly ash under solvent-free conditions for ammonium removal from water." Journal of Cleaner Production. 202, pp. 11-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.128

Properties of alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag blended with ferronickel slag

Cao, Ruilin, Li, Baoliang, You, Nanqiao, Zhang, Yamei and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "Properties of alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag blended with ferronickel slag." Construction and Building Materials. 192, pp. 123-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.10.112

Effect of welan gum on the hydration and hardening of Portland cement

Zhang, Yu, Zhang, Zuhua, Li, Xuerun, Li, Weifeng, Shen, Xiaodong and Wang, Hao. 2018. "Effect of welan gum on the hydration and hardening of Portland cement." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: an international forum for thermal studies. 131 (2), pp. 1277-1286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6589-5

Effect of fly ash microsphere on the rheology and microstructure of alkali-activated fly ash/slag pastes

Yang, Tao, Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Zuhua, Gao, Xuan, Zhang, Changsen and Wu, Qisheng. 2018. "Effect of fly ash microsphere on the rheology and microstructure of alkali-activated fly ash/slag pastes." Cement and Concrete Research. 109, pp. 198-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.04.008

Effects of alkali dosage and silicate modulus on alkali-silica reaction in alkali-activated slag mortars

Shi, Zhenguo, Shi, Caijun, Wan, Shu and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "Effects of alkali dosage and silicate modulus on alkali-silica reaction in alkali-activated slag mortars." Cement and Concrete Research. 111, pp. 104-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.06.005

Effect of alkali dosage and silicate modulus on carbonation of alkali-activated slag mortars

Shi, Zhenguo, Shi, Caijun, Wan, Shu, Li, Ning and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "Effect of alkali dosage and silicate modulus on carbonation of alkali-activated slag mortars." Cement and Concrete Research. 113, pp. 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.07.005

Assessment method

Reid, Andrew Wilfred and Zhang, Zuhua. 2019. Assessment method. US10288597B2

Multiscale modeling for high-performance concrete: a review

Wu, Linmei, Liu, Peng, Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, DeJu and Wang, Hao. 2018. "Multiscale modeling for high-performance concrete: a review ." International Journal for Multiscale Computational Engineering. 16 (1), pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1615/IntJMultCompEng.2018022827

Comparison of social-ecological resilience between two grassland management patterns driven by grassland land contract policy in the Maqu, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Cao, Jianjun, Li, Mengtian, Deo, Ravinesh C., Adamowski, Jan F, Cerda, Artemi, Feng, Qi, Liu, Minxia, Zhang, Jian, Zhu, Guofeng, Zhang, Xuebin, Xu, Xueyun, Yang, Shurong and Gong, Yifan. 2018. "Comparison of social-ecological resilience between two grassland management patterns driven by grassland land contract policy in the Maqu, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau." Land Use Policy: the international journal covering all aspects of land use. 74, pp. 88-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.07.027

Multi-household grazing management pattern maintains better soil fertility

Cao, Jianjun, Xu, Xueyun, Deo, Ravinesh C., Holden, Nicholas M., Adamowski, Jan F., Gong, Yifan, Feng, Qi, Yang, Shurong, Li, Mengtian, Zhou, Junju, Zhang, Jian and Liu, Minxia. 2018. "Multi-household grazing management pattern maintains better soil fertility." Agronomy for Sustainable Development: sciences des productions vegetales et de l'environnement. 38 (1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-017-0482-2

Impact of grassland contract policy on soil organic carbon losses from alpine grassland on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Cao, J., Gong, Y., Yeh, E. T., Holden, N. M., Adamowski, J. F., Deo, R. C., Liu, M., Zhou, J., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Sheng, D., Yang, S., Xu, X., Li, M. and Feng, Q.. 2017. "Impact of grassland contract policy on soil organic carbon losses from alpine grassland on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau." Soil Use and Management. 33 (4), pp. 633-671. https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12387

Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of geopolymer cement mortar

Abousnina, Rajab, Manalo, Allan, Lokuge, Weena and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of geopolymer cement mortar." Cement and Concrete Composites. 90, pp. 136-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.04.001

A comparative study on fly ash, geopolymer and faujasite block for Pb removal from aqueous solution

Liu, Yi, Yan, Chunjie, Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hongquan, Zhou, Sen and Zhou, Wei. 2016. "A comparative study on fly ash, geopolymer and faujasite block for Pb removal from aqueous solution." Fuel: the science and technology of fuel and energy. 185, pp. 181-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.07.116

Toward an indexing approach to evaluate fly ashes for geopolymer manufacture

Zhang, Zuhua, Provis, John L., Zou, Jin, Reid, Andrew and Wang, Hao. 2016. "Toward an indexing approach to evaluate fly ashes for geopolymer manufacture." Cement and Concrete Research. 85, pp. 163-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.04.007

Preparation of natural rubber/silica nanocomposites using one- and two-dimensional dispersants by latex blending process

Luo, Yongyue, Qian, Jiangzuo, He, Dongning, Tao, Jinlong, Zhao, Pengfei, Gong, Wei, Zhang, Zuhua, Peng, Zheng, Chen, Xianfei, Wang, Hao and Dan, Yi. 2018. "Preparation of natural rubber/silica nanocomposites using one- and two-dimensional dispersants by latex blending process." Polymer Composites. 39 (5), pp. 1413-1419. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.24081

Autogenous shrinkage of high performance concrete: a review

Wu, Linmei, Farzadnia, Nima, Shi, Caijun, Zhang, Zuhua and Wang, Hao. 2017. "Autogenous shrinkage of high performance concrete: a review." Construction and Building Materials. 149, pp. 62-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.05.064

Edge-based smoothed extended finite element method for dynamic fracture analysis

Wu, L., Liu, P., Shi, C., Zhang, Z., Bui, Tinh Quoc and Jiao, D.. 2016. "Edge-based smoothed extended finite element method for dynamic fracture analysis." Applied Mathematical Modelling: simulation and computation for engineering and environmental systems. 40 (19-20), pp. 8564-8579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2016.05.027

Durability performances of wollastonite, tremolite and basalt fiber-reinforced metakaolin geopolymer composites under sulfate and chloride attack

Ren, Daming, Yan, Chunjie, Duan, Ping, Zhang, Zuhua, Li, Lingyao and Yan, Zhongyun. 2017. "Durability performances of wollastonite, tremolite and basalt fiber-reinforced metakaolin geopolymer composites under sulfate and chloride attack." Construction and Building Materials. 134, pp. 56-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.103

Engineering of multi-shelled SnO2 hollow microspheres for highly stable lithium-ion batteries

Zhang, Jian, Ren, Hao, Wang, Jiangyan, Qi, Jian, Yu, Ranbo, Wang, Dan and Liu, Yunling. 2016. "Engineering of multi-shelled SnO2 hollow microspheres for highly stable lithium-ion batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 4 (45), pp. 17673-17677. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ta07717j

Inorganic polymer foams: transform from non-structural to structural upon fire

Zhang, Zuhua, Yang, Tao, Wang, Hao and Yao, Xiao. 2013. "Inorganic polymer foams: transform from non-structural to structural upon fire." Epaarachchi, Jayantha A., Lau, Alan Kin-tak and Leng, Jinsong (ed.) 4th International Conference on Smart Materials and Nanotechnology in Engineering (SMN 2013). Gold Coast, Australia 10 - 12 Jul 2013 Bellingham, WA. United States. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2027739

A comparative study of high- and low-Al2O3 fly ash based-geopolymers: the role of mix proportion factors and curing temperature

Zhou, Wei, Yan, Chunjie, Duan, Ping, Liu, Yi, Zhang, Zuhua, Qiu, Xiumei and Li, Dan. 2016. "A comparative study of high- and low-Al2O3 fly ash based-geopolymers: the role of mix proportion factors and curing temperature." Materials and Design. 95, pp. 63-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.01.084

Compressive strength development and shrinkage of alkali-activated fly ash–slag blends associated with efflorescence

Yao, Xiao, Yang, Tao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2016. "Compressive strength development and shrinkage of alkali-activated fly ash–slag blends associated with efflorescence." Materials and Structures. 49 (7), pp. 2907-2918. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-015-0694-3

The transition of fly ash-based geopolymer gels into ordered structures and the effect on the compressive strength

Ma, Xue, Zhang, Zuhua and Wang, Aiguo. 2016. "The transition of fly ash-based geopolymer gels into ordered structures and the effect on the compressive strength." Construction and Building Materials. 104, pp. 25-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.049

Novel self-supporting zeolitic block with tunable porosity and crystallinity for water treatment

Zhang, Zuhua, Li, Liangfeng, He, Dongning, Ma, Xue, Yan, Chunjie and Wang, Hao. 2016. "Novel self-supporting zeolitic block with tunable porosity and crystallinity for water treatment." Materials Letters. 178, pp. 151-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2016.04.214

Compositional, microstructural and mechanical properties of ambient condition cured alkali-activated cement

Zhang, Zuhua, Li, Liangfeng, Ma, Xue and Wang, Hao. 2016. "Compositional, microstructural and mechanical properties of ambient condition cured alkali-activated cement." Construction and Building Materials. 113, pp. 237-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.03.043

The pore characteristics of geopolymer foam concrete and their impact on the compressive strength and modulus

Zhang, Zuhua and Wang, Hao. 2016. "The pore characteristics of geopolymer foam concrete and their impact on the compressive strength and modulus." Frontiers in Materials. 3, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2016.00038

Conversion of local industrial wastes into greener cement through geopolymer technology: a case study of high-magnesium nickel slag

Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Yingcan, Yang, Tao, Li, Liangfeng, Zhu, Huajun and Wang, Hao. 2017. "Conversion of local industrial wastes into greener cement through geopolymer technology: a case study of high-magnesium nickel slag." Journal of Cleaner Production. 141, pp. 463-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.09.147

Geopolymer from Kaolin in China: an overview

Zhang, Z. H., Zhu, H. J., Zhou, C. H. and Wang, H.. 2016. "Geopolymer from Kaolin in China: an overview." Applied Clay Science. 119 (1), pp. 31-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2015.04.023

Mechanical, thermal insulation, thermal resistance and acoustic absorption properties of geopolymer foam concrete

Zhang, Zuhua, Provis, John L., Reid, Andrew and Wang, Hao. 2015. "Mechanical, thermal insulation, thermal resistance and acoustic absorption properties of geopolymer foam concrete." Cement and Concrete Composites. 62, pp. 97-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.03.013

Effects of rare earth La on microstructure and properties of Ag-21Cu-25Sn alloy ribbon prepared by melt spinning

Ma, Xue, Li, Liangfeng, Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao, Wang, Enze and Qiu, Tai. 2015. "Effects of rare earth La on microstructure and properties of Ag-21Cu-25Sn alloy ribbon prepared by melt spinning ." Materials and Design. 83, pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.05.083

Alkali-activated cements for protective coating of OPC concrete

Zhang, Z. and Wang, H.. 2015. "Alkali-activated cements for protective coating of OPC concrete." Pacheco-Torgal, Fernando, Labrincha, Joao, Leonelli, C., Palomo, A. and Chindaprasirt, P. (ed.) Handbook of alkali-activated cements, mortars and concretes. Cambridge, United Kingdom. Woodhead Publishing Limited. pp. 605-626

Analysing the relation between pore structure and permeability of alkali-activated concrete binders

Zhang, Z. and Wang, H.. 2015. "Analysing the relation between pore structure and permeability of alkali-activated concrete binders." Pacheco-Torgal, Fernando, Labrincha, Joao, Leonelli, C., Palomo, A. and Chindaprasirt, P. (ed.) Handbook of alkali-activated cements, mortars and concretes. Cambridge, United Kingdom. Woodhead Publishing Limited. pp. 235-264

A fundamental approach to design and develop fly ash based geopolymers

Wang, Hao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2014. "A fundamental approach to design and develop fly ash based geopolymers." Shi, Caijun and Shen, Xiaodong (ed.) 2nd International Conference on Advances in Chemically Activated Materials (CAM 2014). Changsha, China 01 - 03 Jun 2014 Bagneux, France.

The importance of fly ash property in the manufacture of geopolymers

Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Yingcan, Reid, Andrew and Wang, Hao. 2014. "The importance of fly ash property in the manufacture of geopolymers." Shi, Caijun and Shen, Xiaodong (ed.) 2nd International Conference on Advances in Chemically Activated Materials (CAM 2014). Changsha, China 01 - 03 Jun 2014 Bagneux, France.

Durability of alkali-activated fly ash concrete: chloride penetration in pastes and mortars

Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Yingcan and Tian, Liang. 2014. "Durability of alkali-activated fly ash concrete: chloride penetration in pastes and mortars." Construction and Building Materials. 65, pp. 51-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.110

Effects of indium addition on properties and wettability of Sn–0.7Cu–0.2Ni lead-free solders

Li, L. F., Cheng, Y. K., Xu, G. L., Wang, E. Z., Zhang, Z. H. and Wang, H.. 2014. "Effects of indium addition on properties and wettability of Sn–0.7Cu–0.2Ni lead-free solders." Materials and Design. 64, pp. 15-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.07.035

Study on the activation of calcined kaolin

Zhu, Huajun, Yao, Xiao, Zhang, Zuhua, Hua, Sudong and Chen, Yue. 2008. "Study on the activation of calcined kaolin." Cailiao Kexue yu Gongyi (Material Science and Technology). 16 (S1), pp. 126-129.

Quantification of chloride diffusion in fly ash-slag-based geopolymers by X-ray fluorescence (XRF)

Yang, Tao, Yao, Xiao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2014. "Quantification of chloride diffusion in fly ash-slag-based geopolymers by X-ray fluorescence (XRF)." Construction and Building Materials. 69, pp. 109-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.07.031

Fly ash-based geopolymers: the relationship between composition, pore structure and efflorescence

Zhang, Zuhua, Provis, John L., Reid, Andrew and Wang, Hao. 2014. "Fly ash-based geopolymers: the relationship between composition, pore structure and efflorescence." Cement and Concrete Research. 64, pp. 30-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2014.06.004

Thermochemistry study of the effect of alkali content on the early geopolymerisation at room temperature

Zhang, Z., Yao, X. and Wang, H.. 2010. "Thermochemistry study of the effect of alkali content on the early geopolymerisation at room temperature." Shi, Caijun and Shen, Xiadong (ed.) 1st International Conference on Advances in Chemically-Activated Materials (CAM 2010). Jinan, China 09 - 12 May 2010 Bagneux, France.

Study on non-cement based alkali activated material for oil and gas well cementing at low and moderate temperature

Zhu, H. J., Yao, X. and Zhang, Z. H.. 2010. "Study on non-cement based alkali activated material for oil and gas well cementing at low and moderate temperature." Shi, Caijun and Shen, Xiadong (ed.) 1st International Conference on Advances in Chemically-Activated Materials (CAM 2010). Jinan, China 09 - 12 May 2010 Bagneux, France.

Geopolymer prepared with high-magnesium nickel slag: characterization of properties and microstructure

Yang, Tao, Yao, Xiao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2014. "Geopolymer prepared with high-magnesium nickel slag: characterization of properties and microstructure." Construction and Building Materials. 59, pp. 188-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.038

Using fly ash to partially substitute metakaolin in geopolymer synthesis

Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao, Zhu, Yingcan, Reid, Andrew, Provis, John L. and Bullen, Frank. 2014. "Using fly ash to partially substitute metakaolin in geopolymer synthesis." Applied Clay Science. 88-89, pp. 194-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2013.12.025

Geopolymer foam concrete: an emerging material for sustainable construction

Zhang, Zuhua, Provis, John L., Reid, Andrew and Wang, Hao. 2014. "Geopolymer foam concrete: an emerging material for sustainable construction." Construction and Building Materials. 56, pp. 113-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.081

Preparation and mechanical properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced calcined kaolin-fly ash based geopolymer

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao, Zhu, Huajun, Hua, Sudong and Chen, Yue. 2009. "Preparation and mechanical properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced calcined kaolin-fly ash based geopolymer." Journal of Central South University. 16 (1), pp. 49-52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-009-0008-4

Role of water in the synthesis of calcined kaolin-based geopolymer

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao, Zhu, Huajun and Chen, Yue. 2009. "Role of water in the synthesis of calcined kaolin-based geopolymer." Applied Clay Science. 43 (2), pp. 218-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2008.09.003

Geopolymerization process of alkali-metakaolinite characterized by isothermal calorimetry

Yao, Xiao, Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Huajun and Chen, Yue. 2009. "Geopolymerization process of alkali-metakaolinite characterized by isothermal calorimetry." Thermochimica Acta. 493 (1/2), pp. 49-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2009.04.002

Activating process of geopolymer source material: kaolinite

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao, Zhu, Huajun, Hua, Sudong and Chen, Yue. 2009. "Activating process of geopolymer source material: kaolinite ." Journal Wuhan University of Technology, Materials Science Edition. 24 (1), pp. 132-136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11595-009-1132-6

Potential application of geopolymers as protection coatings for marine concrete I. Basic properties

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao and Zhu, Huajun. 2010. "Potential application of geopolymers as protection coatings for marine concrete I. Basic properties." Applied Clay Science. 49 (1/2), pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2010.01.014

Effects of modulus of sodium silicate solution on mechanical properties and microstructure of geopolymer

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao and Zhu, Huajun. 2011. "Effects of modulus of sodium silicate solution on mechanical properties and microstructure of geopolymer ." Journal of Nanjing University of Technology. 2011 (01), pp. 52-56. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-7627.2011.01.011

Potential application of geopolymers as protection coatings for marine concrete II. Microstructure and anticorrosion mechanism

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao and Zhu, Huajun. 2010. "Potential application of geopolymers as protection coatings for marine concrete II. Microstructure and anticorrosion mechanism ." Applied Clay Science. 49 (1/2), pp. 7-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2010.04.024

Effects of NaOH solution concentration and reaction time on metakaolin geopolymerization

Yang, Tao, Yao, Xiao, Zhang, Zuhua and Zhu, Huajun. 2013. "Effects of NaOH solution concentration and reaction time on metakaolin geopolymerization." Journal of Nanjing University of Technology. 35 (4), pp. 21-25. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-7627.2013.04.005

Efflorescence: a critical challenge for geopolymer applications?

Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao, Provis, John L. and Reid, Andrew. 2013. "Efflorescence: a critical challenge for geopolymer applications?" Dao, Vinh and Dux, Peter (ed.) Concrete Institute of Australia's Biennial National Conference (Concrete 2013): Understanding Concrete. Gold Coast, Australia 16 - 18 Oct 2013 Sydney, Australia.

Durability of fly ash based-geopolymers: effect of crystallization on mechanical properties

Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao, Provis, John L., Reid, Andrew and Li, Qiang. 2013. "Durability of fly ash based-geopolymers: effect of crystallization on mechanical properties." Wensheng, Zhang (ed.) 8th International Symposium on Cement and Concrete (ISCC 2013). Nanjing, China 20 - 23 Sep 2013 Beijing, China.

The effects of physical and chemical properties of fly ash on the manufacture of geopolymer foam concretes

Zhang, Zuhua. 2014. The effects of physical and chemical properties of fly ash on the manufacture of geopolymer foam concretes . PhD Thesis Doctor of Philosophy. University of Southern Queensland.

The effects of phase changes on the bonding property of geopolymer to hydrated cement

Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Zuhua, Deng, Fenggan and Cao, Yalong. 2013. "The effects of phase changes on the bonding property of geopolymer to hydrated cement." Construction and Building Materials. 48, pp. 124-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.06.095

Quantitative kinetic and structural analysis of geopolymers Part 2. thermodynamics of sodium silicate activation of metakaolin

Zhang, Zuhua, Provis, John L., Wang, Hao, Bullen, Frank and Reid, Andrew. 2013. "Quantitative kinetic and structural analysis of geopolymers Part 2. thermodynamics of sodium silicate activation of metakaolin." Thermochimica Acta. 565, pp. 163-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2013.01.040

Numerical simulation of porosity on thermal properties and fire resistance of foamed concrete

Li, Qiang, Wang, Hao, Zhang, Zuhua and Reid, Andrew. 2013. "Numerical simulation of porosity on thermal properties and fire resistance of foamed concrete." Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials. 2 (1), pp. 13-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2012.755748

Mechanical property and structure of alkali-activated fly ash and slag blends

Yang, Tao, Yao, Xiao, Zhang, Zuhua and Wang, Hao. 2012. "Mechanical property and structure of alkali-activated fly ash and slag blends." Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials. 1 (4), pp. 167-178. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2012.752621

The reactivity of fly ash in geopolymer synthesis: a qualification study by FTIR

Zhang, Z., Wang, H. and Provis, J. L.. 2012. "The reactivity of fly ash in geopolymer synthesis: a qualification study by FTIR ." Jaafar, M., Azura, A. R., Leong, K. H. and Leong, A. Y. L. (ed.) 8th Asian-Australasian Conference on Composite Materials (ACCM 8): Enabling Tomorrow's Industry Today . Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 06 - 08 Nov 2012 Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Quantitative kinetic and structural analysis of geopolymers. Part 1. The activation of metakaolin with sodium hydroxide

Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao, Provis, John L., Bullen, Frank, Reid, Andrew and Zhu, Yingcan. 2012. "Quantitative kinetic and structural analysis of geopolymers. Part 1. The activation of metakaolin with sodium hydroxide." Thermochimica Acta. 539, pp. 23-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2012.03.021

Effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag on the mechanical and microstructure of fly ash-based geopolymer binders

Yang, T., Yao, X., Zhang, Z. and Wang, H.. 2012. "Effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag on the mechanical and microstructure of fly ash-based geopolymer binders." 8th Asian-Australasian Conference on Composite Materials (ACCM 2012): Composites: Enabling Tomorrow's Industry Today. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 06 - 08 Nov 2012 Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Quantitative study of the reactivity of fly ash in geopolymerization by FTIR

Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao and Provis, John L.. 2012. "Quantitative study of the reactivity of fly ash in geopolymerization by FTIR." Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials. 1 (4), pp. 154-166. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2012.752620

Potential application of geopolymers as protection coatings for marine concrete III. Field experiment

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao and Wang, Hao. 2012. "Potential application of geopolymers as protection coatings for marine concrete III. Field experiment ." Applied Clay Science. 67-68, pp. 57-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2012.05.008

Effects of halloysite in kaolin on the formation and properties of geopolymers

Zhang, Z., Wang, H., Yao, X. and Zhu, Y.. 2012. "Effects of halloysite in kaolin on the formation and properties of geopolymers." Cement and Concrete Composites. 34 (5), pp. 709-715. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.02.003

Effects of fly ash source and curing procedure on strength development of geopolymers

Zhang, Z., Wang, H., Reid, A. and Aravinthan, T.. 2011. "Effects of fly ash source and curing procedure on strength development of geopolymers." Fragomeni, Sam, Venkatesan, Srikanth, Lam, Nelson and Setunge, Sujeeva (ed.) 21st Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM 21). Melbourne, Australia 07 - 10 Dec 2010 London, United Kingdom.