Recent progress in understanding setting and hardening of alkali-activated slag (AAS) materials

Article

Jiang, Dongdong, Shi, Caijun and Zhang, Zuhua. 2022. "Recent progress in understanding setting and hardening of alkali-activated slag (AAS) materials ." Cement and Concrete Composites. 134, pp. 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104795

Article Title	Recent progress in understanding setting and hardening of alkali-activated slag (AAS) materials
ERA Journal ID	21082
Article Category	Article
Authors	Jiang, Dongdong, Shi, Caijun and Zhang, Zuhua
Journal Title	Cement and Concrete Composites
Journal Citation	134, pp. 1-19
Article Number	104795
Number of Pages	19
Year	2022
Publisher	Elsevier
Place of Publication	United Kingdom
ISSN	0958-9465
	1873-393X
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104795
Web Address (URL)	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0958946522003882
Abstract	Alkali-activated slag (AAS with type of slag being blast-furnace slag) binders possesses substantially different hydration mechanisms from Portland cement (PC) binders, leading to distinct setting and hardening behavior. Due to the highly amorphous nature of both of raw materials and hydration products, the characterization of hydrate assemblages and microstructural development of AAS materials is challenging. In the past decades, there has been increasing investigation interests in disclosing the nature of aluminum and sodium containing calcium silicate hydrate gel with undefined stoichiometry (C-(N-)A-S-H) along with the existence of intimately intermixed secondary phases. This paper provides an overview on the recent research progress and understanding of the complex alkali-activation reaction process from the perspectives of hydration kinetics, products and microstructure development. This is critical to the interpretation and control of setting and hardening of AAS materials at the early age. In addition, based on available information, hydration mechanisms of different AAS binders are proposed. For such a complex system, thermodynamic modelling and molecular dynamic modelling have shown their power to correlate the microstructure development and the macroscale behavior of AAS materials, which are discussed in this paper.
Keywords	AAS; Alkali-activated slag materials; Hydration product; Microstructure; Slag; Thermodynamic modelling
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020	4016. Materials engineering
Public Notes	Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions.
Funder	National Natural Science Foundation of China
Byline Affiliations	Hunan University, China

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Investigation of the waterproof property of alkali-activated metakaolin geopolymer added with rice husk ash

Liang, Guangwei, Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Zuhua, Wu, Qisheng and Du, Jianzhou. 2019. "Investigation of the waterproof property of alkali-activated metakaolin geopolymer added with rice husk ash." Journal of Cleaner Production. 230, pp. 603-612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.111

A review on mixture design methods for geopolymer concrete

Li, Ning, Shi, Caijun, Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao and Liu, Yiwei. 2019. "A review on mixture design methods for geopolymer concrete." Composites Part B: Engineering. 178, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107490

Carbonation induced phase evolution in alkali-activated slag/fly ash cements: The effect of silicate modulus of activators

Zhang, Jian, Shi, Caijun and Zhang, Zuhua. 2019. "Carbonation induced phase evolution in alkali-activated slag/fly ash cements: The effect of silicate modulus of activators." Construction and Building Materials. 223, pp. 566-582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.024

Effects of calcined dolomite addition on reaction kinetics of one-part sodium carbonate-activated slag cements

Yang, Tao, Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Wei, Gao, Yanan, Zhang, Xiaocheng and Wu, Qisheng. 2019. "Effects of calcined dolomite addition on reaction kinetics of one-part sodium carbonate-activated slag cements." Construction and Building Materials. 211, pp. 329-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.245

Re-examining the suitability of high magnesium nickel slag as precursors for alkali-activated materials

Yang, Tao, Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Huajun, Gao, Xuan, Dai, Chengdong and Wu, Qisheng. 2019. "Re-examining the suitability of high magnesium nickel slag as precursors for alkali-activated materials." Construction and Building Materials. 213, pp. 109-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.04.063

Understanding the roles of activators towards setting and hardening control of alkali-activated slag cement

Li, Ning, Shi, Caijun and Zhang, Zuhua. 2019. "Understanding the roles of activators towards setting and hardening control of alkali-activated slag cement." Composites Part B: Engineering. 171, pp. 34-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.04.024

Chloride binding of alkali-activated slag/fly ash cements

Zhang, Jian, Shi, Caijiun and Zhang, Zuhua. 2019. "Chloride binding of alkali-activated slag/fly ash cements." Construction and Building Materials. 226 (30), pp. 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.281

Durability of alkali-activated materials in aggressive environments: A review on recent studies

Zhang, Jian, Shi, Caijun, Zhang, Zuhua and Ou, Zhihua. 2017. "Durability of alkali-activated materials in aggressive environments: A review on recent studies ." Construction and Building Materials. 152, pp. 598-613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.027

Partial replacement of metakaolin with thermally treated rice husk ash in metakaolin-based geopolymer

Zhu, Huajun, Liang, Guangwei, Zhang, Zuhua, Wu, Qisheng and Du, Jianzhou. 2019. "Partial replacement of metakaolin with thermally treated rice husk ash in metakaolin-based geopolymer." Construction and Building Materials. 221, pp. 527-538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.112

Effect of rice husk ash addition on the compressive strength and thermal stability of metakaolin based geopolymer

Liang, Guangwei, Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Zuhua and Wu, Qisheng. 2019. "Effect of rice husk ash addition on the compressive strength and thermal stability of metakaolin based geopolymer." Construction and Building Materials. 222, pp. 872-881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.200

Water absorption and chloride diffusivity of concrete under the coupling effect of uniaxial compressive load and freeze-thaw cycles

Wang, Yanru, Cao, Yubin, Zhang, Peng, Ma, Yuwei, Zhao, Tiejun, Wang, Hao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2019. "Water absorption and chloride diffusivity of concrete under the coupling effect of uniaxial compressive load and freeze-thaw cycles." Construction and Building Materials. 209, pp. 566-576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.091

Effect of drying procedures on pore structure and phase evolution of alkali-activated cements

Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Yingcan, Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Yu, Provis, John L. and Wang, Hao. 2019. "Effect of drying procedures on pore structure and phase evolution of alkali-activated cements." Cement and Concrete Composites. 96, pp. 194-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.12.003

Comparative Study on the drying shrinkage and mechanical properties of geopolymer foam concrete incorporating different dosages of fiber, sand and foam agents

Abdollahnejad, Zahra, Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao and Mastali, Mohammad. 2018. "Comparative Study on the drying shrinkage and mechanical properties of geopolymer foam concrete incorporating different dosages of fiber, sand and foam agents." Hordijk, D. A. and Lukovic, M. (ed.) 2017 fib Symposium: High Tech Concrete: Where Technology and Engineering Meet. Maastricht, The Netherlands 12 - 14 Jun 2017 Cham, Switzerland.

Efflorescence and subflorescence induced microstructural and mechanical evolution in fly ash-based geopolymers

Zhang, Zuhua, Provis, John L., Reid, Andrew and Wang, Hao. 2018. "Efflorescence and subflorescence induced microstructural and mechanical evolution in fly ash-based geopolymers." Cement and Concrete Composites. 92, pp. 165-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.06.010

Effect of calcined dolomite addition on sodium carbonate-activated slag cements with different curing methods

Zhang, Wei, Yao, Xiao, Yang, Tao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2019. "Effect of calcined dolomite addition on sodium carbonate-activated slag cements with different curing methods." Advances in Cement Research. 31 (8), pp. 370-381. https://doi.org/10.1680/jadcr.17.00204

Increasing mechanical strength and acid resistance of geopolymers by incorporating different siliceous materials

Zhang, Wei, Yao, Xiao, Yang, Tao, Liu, Cun and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "Increasing mechanical strength and acid resistance of geopolymers by incorporating different siliceous materials." Construction and Building Materials. 175, pp. 411-421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.03.195

The degradation mechanisms of alkali-activated fly ash/slag blend cements exposed to sulphuric acid

Zhang, Wei, Yao, Xiao, Yang, Tao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "The degradation mechanisms of alkali-activated fly ash/slag blend cements exposed to sulphuric acid." Construction and Building Materials. 186, pp. 1177-1187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.08.050

A mixture proportioning method for the development of performance-based alkali-activated slag-based concrete

Li, Ning, Shi, Caijun, Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Deju, Hwang, Hyeon-Jong, Zhu, Yuhan and Sun, Tengjiao. 2018. "A mixture proportioning method for the development of performance-based alkali-activated slag-based concrete." Cement and Concrete Composites. 93, pp. 163-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.07.009

The development of coral concretes and their upgrading technologies: a critical review

Wang, Aiguo, Lyu, Bangcheng, Zhang, Zuhua, Liu, Kaiwei, Xu, Haiyan and Sun, Daosheng. 2018. "The development of coral concretes and their upgrading technologies: a critical review." Construction and Building Materials. 187, pp. 1004-1019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.07.202

Synthesis of zeolite P1 from fly ash under solvent-free conditions for ammonium removal from water

Liu, Yi, Yan, Chunjie, Zhao, Junjie, Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hongquan, Zhou, Sen and Wu, Linmei. 2018. "Synthesis of zeolite P1 from fly ash under solvent-free conditions for ammonium removal from water." Journal of Cleaner Production. 202, pp. 11-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.128

Properties of alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag blended with ferronickel slag

Cao, Ruilin, Li, Baoliang, You, Nanqiao, Zhang, Yamei and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "Properties of alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag blended with ferronickel slag." Construction and Building Materials. 192, pp. 123-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.10.112

Effect of welan gum on the hydration and hardening of Portland cement

Zhang, Yu, Zhang, Zuhua, Li, Xuerun, Li, Weifeng, Shen, Xiaodong and Wang, Hao. 2018. "Effect of welan gum on the hydration and hardening of Portland cement." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: an international forum for thermal studies. 131 (2), pp. 1277-1286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6589-5

Alkali-silica reaction in waterglass-activated slag mortars incorporating fly ash and metakaolin

Shi, Zhenguo, Shi, Caijun, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Zuhua and Ou, Zhihua. 2018. "Alkali-silica reaction in waterglass-activated slag mortars incorporating fly ash and metakaolin." Cement and Concrete Research. 108, pp. 10-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.03.002

Effect of fly ash microsphere on the rheology and microstructure of alkali-activated fly ash/slag pastes

Yang, Tao, Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Zuhua, Gao, Xuan, Zhang, Changsen and Wu, Qisheng. 2018. "Effect of fly ash microsphere on the rheology and microstructure of alkali-activated fly ash/slag pastes." Cement and Concrete Research. 109, pp. 198-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.04.008

Effects of alkali dosage and silicate modulus on alkali-silica reaction in alkali-activated slag mortars

Shi, Zhenguo, Shi, Caijun, Wan, Shu and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "Effects of alkali dosage and silicate modulus on alkali-silica reaction in alkali-activated slag mortars." Cement and Concrete Research. 111, pp. 104-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.06.005

Effect of alkali dosage and silicate modulus on carbonation of alkali-activated slag mortars

Shi, Zhenguo, Shi, Caijun, Wan, Shu, Li, Ning and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "Effect of alkali dosage and silicate modulus on carbonation of alkali-activated slag mortars." Cement and Concrete Research. 113, pp. 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.07.005

Assessment method

Reid, Andrew Wilfred and Zhang, Zuhua. 2019. Assessment method. US10288597B2

Multiscale modeling for high-performance concrete: a review

Wu, Linmei, Liu, Peng, Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, DeJu and Wang, Hao. 2018. "Multiscale modeling for high-performance concrete: a review ." International Journal for Multiscale Computational Engineering. 16 (1), pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1615/IntJMultCompEng.2018022827

Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of geopolymer cement mortar

Abousnina, Rajab, Manalo, Allan, Lokuge, Weena and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of geopolymer cement mortar." Cement and Concrete Composites. 90, pp. 136-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.04.001

A comparative study on fly ash, geopolymer and faujasite block for Pb removal from aqueous solution

Liu, Yi, Yan, Chunjie, Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hongquan, Zhou, Sen and Zhou, Wei. 2016. "A comparative study on fly ash, geopolymer and faujasite block for Pb removal from aqueous solution." Fuel: the science and technology of fuel and energy. 185, pp. 181-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.07.116

Toward an indexing approach to evaluate fly ashes for geopolymer manufacture

Zhang, Zuhua, Provis, John L., Zou, Jin, Reid, Andrew and Wang, Hao. 2016. "Toward an indexing approach to evaluate fly ashes for geopolymer manufacture." Cement and Concrete Research. 85, pp. 163-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.04.007

Preparation of natural rubber/silica nanocomposites using one- and two-dimensional dispersants by latex blending process

Luo, Yongyue, Qian, Jiangzuo, He, Dongning, Tao, Jinlong, Zhao, Pengfei, Gong, Wei, Zhang, Zuhua, Peng, Zheng, Chen, Xianfei, Wang, Hao and Dan, Yi. 2018. "Preparation of natural rubber/silica nanocomposites using one- and two-dimensional dispersants by latex blending process." Polymer Composites. 39 (5), pp. 1413-1419. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.24081

Autogenous shrinkage of high performance concrete: a review

Wu, Linmei, Farzadnia, Nima, Shi, Caijun, Zhang, Zuhua and Wang, Hao. 2017. "Autogenous shrinkage of high performance concrete: a review." Construction and Building Materials. 149, pp. 62-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.05.064

Edge-based smoothed extended finite element method for dynamic fracture analysis

Wu, L., Liu, P., Shi, C., Zhang, Z., Bui, Tinh Quoc and Jiao, D.. 2016. "Edge-based smoothed extended finite element method for dynamic fracture analysis." Applied Mathematical Modelling: simulation and computation for engineering and environmental systems. 40 (19-20), pp. 8564-8579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2016.05.027

Durability performances of wollastonite, tremolite and basalt fiber-reinforced metakaolin geopolymer composites under sulfate and chloride attack

Ren, Daming, Yan, Chunjie, Duan, Ping, Zhang, Zuhua, Li, Lingyao and Yan, Zhongyun. 2017. "Durability performances of wollastonite, tremolite and basalt fiber-reinforced metakaolin geopolymer composites under sulfate and chloride attack." Construction and Building Materials. 134, pp. 56-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.103

Inorganic polymer foams: transform from non-structural to structural upon fire

Zhang, Zuhua, Yang, Tao, Wang, Hao and Yao, Xiao. 2013. "Inorganic polymer foams: transform from non-structural to structural upon fire." Epaarachchi, Jayantha A., Lau, Alan Kin-tak and Leng, Jinsong (ed.) 4th International Conference on Smart Materials and Nanotechnology in Engineering (SMN 2013). Gold Coast, Australia 10 - 12 Jul 2013 Bellingham, WA. United States. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2027739

A comparative study of high- and low-Al2O3 fly ash based-geopolymers: the role of mix proportion factors and curing temperature

Zhou, Wei, Yan, Chunjie, Duan, Ping, Liu, Yi, Zhang, Zuhua, Qiu, Xiumei and Li, Dan. 2016. "A comparative study of high- and low-Al2O3 fly ash based-geopolymers: the role of mix proportion factors and curing temperature." Materials and Design. 95, pp. 63-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.01.084

Compressive strength development and shrinkage of alkali-activated fly ash–slag blends associated with efflorescence

Yao, Xiao, Yang, Tao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2016. "Compressive strength development and shrinkage of alkali-activated fly ash–slag blends associated with efflorescence." Materials and Structures. 49 (7), pp. 2907-2918. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-015-0694-3

The transition of fly ash-based geopolymer gels into ordered structures and the effect on the compressive strength

Ma, Xue, Zhang, Zuhua and Wang, Aiguo. 2016. "The transition of fly ash-based geopolymer gels into ordered structures and the effect on the compressive strength." Construction and Building Materials. 104, pp. 25-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.049

Novel self-supporting zeolitic block with tunable porosity and crystallinity for water treatment

Zhang, Zuhua, Li, Liangfeng, He, Dongning, Ma, Xue, Yan, Chunjie and Wang, Hao. 2016. "Novel self-supporting zeolitic block with tunable porosity and crystallinity for water treatment." Materials Letters. 178, pp. 151-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2016.04.214

Compositional, microstructural and mechanical properties of ambient condition cured alkali-activated cement

Zhang, Zuhua, Li, Liangfeng, Ma, Xue and Wang, Hao. 2016. "Compositional, microstructural and mechanical properties of ambient condition cured alkali-activated cement." Construction and Building Materials. 113, pp. 237-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.03.043

The pore characteristics of geopolymer foam concrete and their impact on the compressive strength and modulus

Zhang, Zuhua and Wang, Hao. 2016. "The pore characteristics of geopolymer foam concrete and their impact on the compressive strength and modulus." Frontiers in Materials. 3, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2016.00038

Conversion of local industrial wastes into greener cement through geopolymer technology: a case study of high-magnesium nickel slag

Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Yingcan, Yang, Tao, Li, Liangfeng, Zhu, Huajun and Wang, Hao. 2017. "Conversion of local industrial wastes into greener cement through geopolymer technology: a case study of high-magnesium nickel slag." Journal of Cleaner Production. 141, pp. 463-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.09.147

Geopolymer from Kaolin in China: an overview

Zhang, Z. H., Zhu, H. J., Zhou, C. H. and Wang, H.. 2016. "Geopolymer from Kaolin in China: an overview." Applied Clay Science. 119 (1), pp. 31-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2015.04.023

Mechanical, thermal insulation, thermal resistance and acoustic absorption properties of geopolymer foam concrete

Zhang, Zuhua, Provis, John L., Reid, Andrew and Wang, Hao. 2015. "Mechanical, thermal insulation, thermal resistance and acoustic absorption properties of geopolymer foam concrete." Cement and Concrete Composites. 62, pp. 97-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.03.013

Effects of rare earth La on microstructure and properties of Ag-21Cu-25Sn alloy ribbon prepared by melt spinning

Ma, Xue, Li, Liangfeng, Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao, Wang, Enze and Qiu, Tai. 2015. "Effects of rare earth La on microstructure and properties of Ag-21Cu-25Sn alloy ribbon prepared by melt spinning ." Materials and Design. 83, pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.05.083

Alkali-activated cements for protective coating of OPC concrete

Zhang, Z. and Wang, H.. 2015. "Alkali-activated cements for protective coating of OPC concrete." Pacheco-Torgal, Fernando, Labrincha, Joao, Leonelli, C., Palomo, A. and Chindaprasirt, P. (ed.) Handbook of alkali-activated cements, mortars and concretes. Cambridge, United Kingdom. Woodhead Publishing Limited. pp. 605-626

Analysing the relation between pore structure and permeability of alkali-activated concrete binders

Zhang, Z. and Wang, H.. 2015. "Analysing the relation between pore structure and permeability of alkali-activated concrete binders." Pacheco-Torgal, Fernando, Labrincha, Joao, Leonelli, C., Palomo, A. and Chindaprasirt, P. (ed.) Handbook of alkali-activated cements, mortars and concretes. Cambridge, United Kingdom. Woodhead Publishing Limited. pp. 235-264

A fundamental approach to design and develop fly ash based geopolymers

Wang, Hao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2014. "A fundamental approach to design and develop fly ash based geopolymers." Shi, Caijun and Shen, Xiaodong (ed.) 2nd International Conference on Advances in Chemically Activated Materials (CAM 2014). Changsha, China 01 - 03 Jun 2014 Bagneux, France.

The importance of fly ash property in the manufacture of geopolymers

Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Yingcan, Reid, Andrew and Wang, Hao. 2014. "The importance of fly ash property in the manufacture of geopolymers." Shi, Caijun and Shen, Xiaodong (ed.) 2nd International Conference on Advances in Chemically Activated Materials (CAM 2014). Changsha, China 01 - 03 Jun 2014 Bagneux, France.

Durability of alkali-activated fly ash concrete: chloride penetration in pastes and mortars

Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Yingcan and Tian, Liang. 2014. "Durability of alkali-activated fly ash concrete: chloride penetration in pastes and mortars." Construction and Building Materials. 65, pp. 51-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.110

Effects of indium addition on properties and wettability of Sn–0.7Cu–0.2Ni lead-free solders

Li, L. F., Cheng, Y. K., Xu, G. L., Wang, E. Z., Zhang, Z. H. and Wang, H.. 2014. "Effects of indium addition on properties and wettability of Sn–0.7Cu–0.2Ni lead-free solders." Materials and Design. 64, pp. 15-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.07.035

Study on the activation of calcined kaolin

Zhu, Huajun, Yao, Xiao, Zhang, Zuhua, Hua, Sudong and Chen, Yue. 2008. "Study on the activation of calcined kaolin." Cailiao Kexue yu Gongyi (Material Science and Technology). 16 (S1), pp. 126-129.

Quantification of chloride diffusion in fly ash-slag-based geopolymers by X-ray fluorescence (XRF)

Yang, Tao, Yao, Xiao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2014. "Quantification of chloride diffusion in fly ash-slag-based geopolymers by X-ray fluorescence (XRF)." Construction and Building Materials. 69, pp. 109-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.07.031

Fly ash-based geopolymers: the relationship between composition, pore structure and efflorescence

Zhang, Zuhua, Provis, John L., Reid, Andrew and Wang, Hao. 2014. "Fly ash-based geopolymers: the relationship between composition, pore structure and efflorescence." Cement and Concrete Research. 64, pp. 30-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2014.06.004

Thermochemistry study of the effect of alkali content on the early geopolymerisation at room temperature

Zhang, Z., Yao, X. and Wang, H.. 2010. "Thermochemistry study of the effect of alkali content on the early geopolymerisation at room temperature." Shi, Caijun and Shen, Xiadong (ed.) 1st International Conference on Advances in Chemically-Activated Materials (CAM 2010). Jinan, China 09 - 12 May 2010 Bagneux, France.

Study on non-cement based alkali activated material for oil and gas well cementing at low and moderate temperature

Zhu, H. J., Yao, X. and Zhang, Z. H.. 2010. "Study on non-cement based alkali activated material for oil and gas well cementing at low and moderate temperature." Shi, Caijun and Shen, Xiadong (ed.) 1st International Conference on Advances in Chemically-Activated Materials (CAM 2010). Jinan, China 09 - 12 May 2010 Bagneux, France.

Geopolymer prepared with high-magnesium nickel slag: characterization of properties and microstructure

Yang, Tao, Yao, Xiao and Zhang, Zuhua. 2014. "Geopolymer prepared with high-magnesium nickel slag: characterization of properties and microstructure." Construction and Building Materials. 59, pp. 188-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.038

Using fly ash to partially substitute metakaolin in geopolymer synthesis

Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao, Zhu, Yingcan, Reid, Andrew, Provis, John L. and Bullen, Frank. 2014. "Using fly ash to partially substitute metakaolin in geopolymer synthesis." Applied Clay Science. 88-89, pp. 194-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2013.12.025

Geopolymer foam concrete: an emerging material for sustainable construction

Zhang, Zuhua, Provis, John L., Reid, Andrew and Wang, Hao. 2014. "Geopolymer foam concrete: an emerging material for sustainable construction." Construction and Building Materials. 56, pp. 113-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.081

Preparation and mechanical properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced calcined kaolin-fly ash based geopolymer

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao, Zhu, Huajun, Hua, Sudong and Chen, Yue. 2009. "Preparation and mechanical properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced calcined kaolin-fly ash based geopolymer." Journal of Central South University. 16 (1), pp. 49-52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-009-0008-4

Role of water in the synthesis of calcined kaolin-based geopolymer

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao, Zhu, Huajun and Chen, Yue. 2009. "Role of water in the synthesis of calcined kaolin-based geopolymer." Applied Clay Science. 43 (2), pp. 218-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2008.09.003

Geopolymerization process of alkali-metakaolinite characterized by isothermal calorimetry

Yao, Xiao, Zhang, Zuhua, Zhu, Huajun and Chen, Yue. 2009. "Geopolymerization process of alkali-metakaolinite characterized by isothermal calorimetry." Thermochimica Acta. 493 (1/2), pp. 49-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2009.04.002

Activating process of geopolymer source material: kaolinite

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao, Zhu, Huajun, Hua, Sudong and Chen, Yue. 2009. "Activating process of geopolymer source material: kaolinite ." Journal Wuhan University of Technology, Materials Science Edition. 24 (1), pp. 132-136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11595-009-1132-6

Potential application of geopolymers as protection coatings for marine concrete I. Basic properties

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao and Zhu, Huajun. 2010. "Potential application of geopolymers as protection coatings for marine concrete I. Basic properties." Applied Clay Science. 49 (1/2), pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2010.01.014

Effects of modulus of sodium silicate solution on mechanical properties and microstructure of geopolymer

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao and Zhu, Huajun. 2011. "Effects of modulus of sodium silicate solution on mechanical properties and microstructure of geopolymer ." Journal of Nanjing University of Technology. 2011 (01), pp. 52-56. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-7627.2011.01.011

Potential application of geopolymers as protection coatings for marine concrete II. Microstructure and anticorrosion mechanism

Zhang, Zuhua, Yao, Xiao and Zhu, Huajun. 2010. "Potential application of geopolymers as protection coatings for marine concrete II. Microstructure and anticorrosion mechanism ." Applied Clay Science. 49 (1/2), pp. 7-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2010.04.024

Effects of NaOH solution concentration and reaction time on metakaolin geopolymerization

Yang, Tao, Yao, Xiao, Zhang, Zuhua and Zhu, Huajun. 2013. "Effects of NaOH solution concentration and reaction time on metakaolin geopolymerization." Journal of Nanjing University of Technology. 35 (4), pp. 21-25. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-7627.2013.04.005

Efflorescence: a critical challenge for geopolymer applications?

Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao, Provis, John L. and Reid, Andrew. 2013. "Efflorescence: a critical challenge for geopolymer applications?" Dao, Vinh and Dux, Peter (ed.) Concrete Institute of Australia's Biennial National Conference (Concrete 2013): Understanding Concrete. Gold Coast, Australia 16 - 18 Oct 2013 Sydney, Australia.

Durability of fly ash based-geopolymers: effect of crystallization on mechanical properties

Zhang, Zuhua, Wang, Hao, Provis, John L., Reid, Andrew and Li, Qiang. 2013. "Durability of fly ash based-geopolymers: effect of crystallization on mechanical properties." Wensheng, Zhang (ed.) 8th International Symposium on Cement and Concrete (ISCC 2013). Nanjing, China 20 - 23 Sep 2013 Beijing, China.

The effects of physical and chemical properties of fly ash on the manufacture of geopolymer foam concretes

Zhang, Zuhua. 2014. The effects of physical and chemical properties of fly ash on the manufacture of geopolymer foam concretes . PhD Thesis Doctor of Philosophy. University of Southern Queensland.

The effects of phase changes on the bonding property of geopolymer to hydrated cement

Zhu, Huajun, Zhang, Zuhua, Deng, Fenggan and Cao, Yalong. 2013. "The effects of phase changes on the bonding property of geopolymer to hydrated cement." Construction and Building Materials. 48, pp. 124-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.06.095

Quantitative kinetic and structural analysis of geopolymers Part 2. thermodynamics of sodium silicate activation of metakaolin

Zhang, Zuhua, Provis, John L., Wang, Hao, Bullen, Frank and Reid, Andrew. 2013. "Quantitative kinetic and structural analysis of geopolymers Part 2. thermodynamics of sodium silicate activation of metakaolin." Thermochimica Acta. 565, pp. 163-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2013.01.040

Numerical simulation of porosity on thermal properties and fire resistance of foamed concrete

Li, Qiang, Wang, Hao, Zhang, Zuhua and Reid, Andrew. 2013. "Numerical simulation of porosity on thermal properties and fire resistance of foamed concrete." Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials. 2 (1), pp. 13-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2012.755748

Mechanical property and structure of alkali-activated fly ash and slag blends

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