EUREC4A
Article
Article Title | EUREC4A |
---|---|
ERA Journal ID | 210388 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Stevens, Bjorn (Author), Bony, Sandrine (Author), Farrell, David (Author), Ament, Felix (Author), Blyth, Alan (Author), Fairall, Christopher (Author), Karstensen, Johannes (Author), Quinn, Patricia K. (Author), Speich, Sabrina (Author), Acquistapace, Claudia (Author), Aemisegger, Franziska (Author), Albright, Anna Lea (Author), Bellenger, Hugo (Author), Bodenschatz, Eberhard (Author), Caesar, Kathy-Ann (Author), Chewitt-Lucas, Rebecca (Author), de Boer, Gijs (Author), Delanoe, Julien (Author), Denby, Leif (Author), Ewald, Florian (Author), Fildier, Benjamin (Author), Forde, Marvin (Author), George, Geet (Author), Gross, Silke (Author), Hagen, Martin (Author), Hausold, Andrea (Author), Heywood, Karen J. (Author), Hirsch, Lutz (Author), Jacob, Marek (Author), Jansen, Friedhelm (Author), Kinne, Stefan (Author), Klocke, Daniel (Author), Kolling, Tobias (Author), Konow, Heike (Author), Lothon, Marie (Author), Mohr, Wiebke (Author), Naumann, Ann Kristin (Author), Nuijens, Louise (Author), Olivier, Lea (Author), Pincus, Robert (Author), Pohlker, Mira (Author), Reverdin, Gilles (Author), Roberts, Gregory (Author), Schnitt, Sabrina (Author), Schulz, Hauke (Author), Siebesma, A. Pier (Author), Stephan, Claudia Christine (Author), Sullivan, Peter (Author), Touze-Peiffer, Ludovic (Author), Vial, Jessica (Author), Vogel, Raphaela (Author), Zuidema, Paquita (Author), Alexander, Nicola (Author), Alves, Lyndon (Author), Arixi, Sophian (Author), Asmath, Hamish (Author), Bagheri, Gholamhossein (Author), Baier, Katharina (Author), Bailey, Adriana (Author), Baranowski, Dariusz (Author), Baron, Alexandre (Author), Barrau, Sebastien (Author), Barrett, Paul A. (Author), Batier, Frederic (Author), Behrendt, Andreas (Author), Bendinger, Arne (Author), Beucher, Florent (Author), Bigorre, Sebastien (Author), Blades, Edmund (Author), Blossey, Peter (Author), Bock, Olivier (Author), Boing, Steven (Author), Bosser, Pierre (Author), Bourras, Denis (Author), Bouruet-Aubertot, Pascale (Author), Bower, Keith (Author), Branellec, Pierre (Author), Branger, Hubert (Author), Brennek, Michal (Author), Brewer, Alan (Author), Brilouet, Pierre-Etienne (Author), Brugmann, Bjorn (Author), Buehler, Stefan A. (Author), Burke, Elmo (Author), Burton, Ralph (Author), Calmer, Radiance (Author), Canonici, Jean-Christophe (Author), Carton, Xavier (Author), Cato, Gregory, Jr. (Author), Charles, Jude Andre (Author), Chazette, Patrick (Author), Chen, Yanxu (Author), Chilinski, Michal T. (Author), Choularton, Thomas (Author), Chuang, Patrick (Author), Clarke, Shamal (Author), Coe, Hugh (Author), Cornet, Celine (Author), Coutris, Pierre (Author), Couvreux, Fleur (Author), Crewell, Susanne (Author), Cronin, Timothy (Author), Cui, Zhiqiang (Author), Cuypers, Yannis (Author), Daley, Alton (Author), Damerell, Gillian M. (Author), Dauhut, Thibaut (Author), Deneke, Hartwig (Author), Desbios, Jean-Philippe (Author), Dorner, Steffen (Author), Donner, Sebastian (Author), Douet, Vincent (Author), Drushka, Kyla (Author), Dutsch, Marina (Author), Ehrlich, Andre (Author), Emanuel, Kerry (Author), Emmanouilidis, Alexandros (Author), Etienne, Jean-Claude (Author), Etienne-Leblanc, Sheryl (Author), Faure, Ghislain (Author), Feingold, Graham (Author), Ferrero, Luca (Author), Fix, Andreas (Author), Flamant, Cyrille (Author), Flatau, Piotr Jacek (Author), Foltz, Gregory R. (Author), Forster, Linda (Author), Furtuna, Iulian (Author), Gadian, Alan (Author), Galewsky, Joseph (Author), Gallagher, Martin (Author), Gallimore, Peter (Author), Gaston, Cassandra (Author), Gentemann, Chelle (Author), Geyskens, Nicolas (Author), Giez, Andreas (Author), Gollop, John (Author), Gouirand, Isabelle (Author), Gourbeyre, Christophe (Author), de Graaf, Dorte (Author), de Groot, Geiske E. (Author), Grosz, Robert (Author), Guttler, Johannes (Author), Gutleben, Manuel (Author), Hall, Kashawn (Author), Harris, George (Author), Helfer, Kevin C. (Author), Henze, Dean (Author), Herbert, Calvert (Author), Holanda, Bruna (Author), Ibanez-Landeta, Antonio (Author), Intrieri, Janet (Author), Iyer, Suneil (Author), Julien, Fabrice (Author), Kalesse, Heike (Author), Kazil, Jan (Author), Kellman, Alexander (Author), Kidane, Abiel T. (Author), Kirchner, Ulrike (Author), Klingebiel, Marcus (Author), Korner, Mareike (Author), Kremper, Leslie Ann (Author), Kretzschmar, Jan (Author), Kruger, Ovid (Author), Kumala, Wojciech (Author), Kurz, Armin (Author), L'Hegaret, Pierre (Author), Labaste, Matthieu (Author), Lachlan-Cope, Tom (Author), Laing, Arlene (Author), Landschutzer, Peter (Author), Lang, Theresa (Author), Lange, Diego (Author), Lange, Ingo (Author), Laplace, Clement (Author), Lavik, Gauke (Author), Laxenaire, Remi (Author), Le Bihan, Caroline (Author), Leandro, Mason (Author), Lefevre, Nathalie (Author), Lena, Marius (Author), Lenschow, Donald (Author), Li, Qiang (Author), Lloyd, Gary (Author), Los, Sebastian (Author), Losi, Niccolo (Author), Lovell, Oscar (Author), Luneau, Christopher (Author), Makuch, Przemyslaw (Author), Malinowski, Szymon (Author), Manta, Gaston (Author), Marinou, Eleni (Author), Marsden, Nicholas (Author), Masson, Sebastien (Author), Maury, Nicolas (Author), Mayer, Bernhard (Author), Mayers-Als, Margarette (Author), Mazel, Christophe (Author), McGeary, Wayne (Author), McWilliams, James C. (Author), Mech, Mario (Author), Mehlmann, Melina (Author), Meroni, Agostino Niyonkuru (Author), Mieslinger, Theresa (Author), Minikin, Andreas (Author), Minnett, Peter (Author), Moller, Gregor (Author), Avalos, Yanmichel Morfa (Author), Muller, Caroline (Author), Musat, Ionela (Author), Napoli, Anna (Author), Neuberger, Almuth (Author), Noisel, Christophe (Author), Noone, David (Author), Nordsiek, Freja (Author), Nowak, Jakub L. (Author), Oswald, Lothar (Author), Parker, Douglas J. (Author), Peck, Carolyn (Author), Person, Renaud (Author), Philippi, Miriam (Author), Plueddemann, Albert (Author), Pohlker, Christopher (Author), Portge, Veronika (Author), Poschl, Ulrich (Author), Pologne, Lawrence (Author), Posyniak, Michal (Author), Prange, Marc (Author), Melendez, Estefania Quinones (Author), Radtke, Jule (Author), Ramage, Karim (Author), Reimann, Jens (Author), Renault, Lionel (Author), Reus, Klaus (Author), Reyes, Ashford (Author), Ribbe, Joachim (Author), Ringel, Maximilian (Author), Ritschel, Markus (Author), Rocha, Cesar B. (Author), Rochetin, Nicolas (Author), Rottenbacher, Johannes (Author), Rollo, Callum (Author), Royer, Haley (Author), Sadoulet, Pauline (Author), Saffin, Leo (Author), Sandiford, Sanola (Author), Sandu, Irina (Author), Schafer, Michael (Author), Schemann, Vera (Author), Schirmacher, Imke (Author), Schlenczek, Oliver (Author), Schmidt, Jerome (Author), Schroder, Marcel (Author), Schwarzenboeck, Alfons (Author), Sealy, Andrea (Author), Senff, Christoph J. (Author), Serikov, Ilya (Author), Shohan, Samkeyat (Author), Siddle, Elizabeth (Author), Smirnov, Alexander (Author), Spath, Florian (Author), Spooner, Branden (Author), Stolla, M. Katharina (Author), Szkolka, Wojciech (Author), de Szoeke, Simon P. (Author), Tarot, Stephane (Author), Tetoni, Eleni (Author), Thompson, Elizabeth (Author), Thomson, Jim (Author), Tomassini, Lorenzo (Author), Totems, Julien (Author), Ubele, Alma Anna (Author), Villiger, Leonie (Author), von Arx, Jan (Author), Wagner, Thomas (Author), Walther, Andi (Author), Webber, Ben (Author), Wendisch, Manfred (Author), Whitehall, Shanice (Author), Wiltshire, Anton (Author), Wing, Allison A. (Author), Wirth, Martin (Author), Wiskandt, Jonathan (Author), Wolf, Kevin (Author), Worbes, Ludwig (Author), Wright, Ethan (Author), Wulfmeyer, Volker (Author), Young, Shanea (Author), Zhang, Chidong (Author), Zhang, Dongxiao (Author), Ziemen, Florian (Author), Zinner, Tobias (Author) and Zoger, Martin (Author) |
Journal Title | Earth System Science Data |
Journal Citation | 13 (8), pp. 4067-4119 |
Number of Pages | 53 |
Year | 2021 |
Place of Publication | Germany |
ISSN | 1866-3508 |
1866-3516 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4067-2021 |
Web Address (URL) | https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/13/4067/2021/ |
Abstract | The science guiding the EUREC4A campaign and its measurements is presented. EUREC4A comprised roughly 5 weeks of measurements in the downstream winter trades of the North Atlantic – eastward and southeastward of Barbados. Through its ability to characterize processes operating across a wide range of scales, EUREC4A marked a turning point in our ability to observationally study factors influencing clouds in the trades, how they will respond to warming, and their link to other components of the earth system, such as upper-ocean processes or the life cycle of particulate matter. This characterization was made possible by thousands (2500) of sondes distributed to measure circulations on meso- (200 km) and larger (500 km) scales, roughly 400 h of flight time by four heavily instrumented research aircraft; four global-class research vessels; an advanced ground-based cloud observatory; scores of autonomous observing platforms operating in the upper ocean (nearly 10 000 profiles), lower atmosphere (continuous profiling), and along the air–sea interface; a network of water stable isotopologue measurements; targeted tasking of satellite remote sensing; and modeling with a new generation of weather and climate models. In addition to providing an outline of the novel measurements and their composition into a unified and coordinated campaign, the six distinct scientific facets that EUREC4A explored – from North Brazil Current rings to turbulence-induced clustering of cloud droplets and its influence on warm-rain formation – are presented along with an overview of EUREC4A's outreach activities, environmental impact, and guidelines for scientific practice. Track data for all platforms are standardized and accessible at https://doi.org/10.25326/165 (Stevens, 2021), and a film documenting the campaign is provided as a video supplement. |
Keywords | North Atlantic Ocean, Barbados, clouds, trade winds, atmospheric turbulence, ocean turbulence, eddies |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 370201. Climate change processes |
370803. Physical oceanography | |
370107. Cloud physics | |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
Byline Affiliations | Max Planck Society, Germany |
Sorbonne University, France | |
Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology, Barbados | |
University of Leeds, United Kingdom | |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States | |
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany | |
Normal Superior School, France | |
University of Cologne, Germany | |
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Switzerland | |
University of Colorado Boulder, United States | |
University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France | |
German Aerospace Centre, Germany | |
IPSL Dynamic Meterologic Laboratory, France | |
University of East Anglia, United Kingdom | |
German Meteorological Service | |
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany | |
University of Hamburg, Germany | |
University of Toulouse, France | |
Delft University of Technology, Netherlands | |
National Center for Atmospheric Research, United States | |
University of Miami, United States | |
Hydrometeorological Service, Guyana | |
Institute of Marine Affairs, Trinidad and Tobago | |
Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland | |
Paris-Saclay University, France | |
Met Office, United Kingdom | |
Frederic Batier Photography, Germany | |
Institute of Physics and Meteorology, Germany | |
Meteo France, France | |
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, United States | |
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Barbados | |
University of Washington, United States | |
Paris Globe Institute of Physics, France | |
French National Centre for Scientific Research, France | |
University of Toulon, France | |
University of Manchester, United Kingdom | |
National Institute for Ocean Science, France | |
Institute for Research on Non-Equilibrium Phenomena, France | |
University of Warsaw, Poland | |
St Christopher Air and Sea Ports Authority, Saint Kitts and Nevis | |
SAFIRE - The French Facility for Airborne Research, France | |
University of Western Brittany, France | |
Meteorological Service, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | |
Grenada Airports Authority, Grenada | |
Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS), France | |
University of California, United States | |
Cayman Islands National Weather Service, Cayman Islands | |
University of Lille, France | |
University of Clermont Auvergne, France | |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States | |
Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Germany | |
Institute Pierre Simon Laplace, France | |
Leipzig University, Germany | |
Meteorological Department, Saint Maarten | |
University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy | |
Compania Fortuna, France | |
University of New Mexico, United States | |
Farallon Institute, United States | |
Barbados Coast Guard, Barbados | |
University of the West Indies | |
Christ Church, Barbados | |
Oregon State University, United States | |
British Antarctic Survey, United Kingdom | |
Caribbean Meteorological Organization, Trinidad and Tobago | |
University of Hohenheim, Germany | |
Florida State University, United States | |
Trinidad and Tobago Meteorological Services, Trinidad and Tobago | |
Observatory of Sciences of the Universe Pytheas, France | |
DroneXsolution, France | |
Barbados Meteorological Services, Barbados | |
CIMA Research Foundation, Italy | |
University of Auckland, New Zealand | |
Meteorological Service, Jamaica | |
School of Sciences | |
University of Connecticut, United States | |
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, United Kingdom | |
Naval Research Laboratory, United States | |
Science Systems and Applications, United States | |
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Switzerland | |
University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States | |
National Meteorological Service of Belize | |
German Climate Computing Centre |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q6q15/eurec4a
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